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Download or read book Evaluation of the Effects of Atomic Oxygen on Polymeric Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rachel R. Kamenetzky
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Effects of Atomic Oxygen on Polymeric Materials Flown on EOIM-3 written by Rachel R. Kamenetzky and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781724011312
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Flight Validation of Atomic Oxygen Resistant Resistant Polymers written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-25 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of its high reactivity, atomic oxygen causes surface erosion on polymeric materials. although the reaction efficiency depends on the chemical structure of the polymer. We have found an organotin compound, bis(triphenyltin) oxide (BTO), which has an unusually high solubility in solutions of a number of commercial high performance polymers. Films of these polymers containing BTO showed a substantial reduction in erosion by atomic oxygen when compared with films of the pure material. Analysis has shown that in the presence of atomic oxygen, erosion of the exposed surfaces of the BTO-containing films leaves a residual protective tin oxide coating . Since the additive is uniformly distributed throughout the polymeric material, any break or puncture in the protective coating is "healed" by the material below. Samples were exposed to the environment of the low earth orbit (LEO) on two Space Shuttle flights, STS-46, in June of 1992, and STS-51 in September of 1993. The analysis of these samples has been reported previously. For both flights, the samples were small (1.3 cm and 1.9 cm respectively) thus limiting the scope of analysis. In the research under this cooperative agreement, films of a polyetherimide, were exposed to the LEO environment on Space Shuttle flight STS-85 in August of 1997 as part of the Evaluation of Space Environment and Effects on Materials (ESEM) experiment. The polyetherimide chosen is available commercially as Ultem, registered to the General Electric Company. Films of pure Ultem, Ultem with 10% BTO by mass, and Ultem with 20% BTO by mass were exposed in the ram direction for 40 hours during STS-85. Ultem has a Tg of 215 deg C and is soluble in common chlorinated solvents. Granules of the polymer were dried at 120 deg C, but otherwise were used as received. Films were cast on a glass plate from a solution of the polymer in a 60/40 (w/w) mixture of chloroform and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane. The plate was placed in a dust-free box for
Author : Leonardus Johannes Kok
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (224 download)
Download or read book Effects of Atomic Oxygen on Polymeric Based Materials written by Leonardus Johannes Kok and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : P. W. Knopf
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (976 download)
Download or read book Correlation of Laboratory and Flight Data for the Effects of Atomic Oxygen on Polymeric Materials written by P. W. Knopf and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Roderick Clarence Tennyson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (977 download)
Download or read book Atomic oxygen effects on polymer-based materials written by Roderick Clarence Tennyson and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781722383060
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (83 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Thermal Control Coatings and Polymeric Materials Exposed to Ground Simulated Atomic Oxygen and Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous thermal control and polymeric samples with potential International Space Station applications were evaluated for atomic oxygen and vacuum ultraviolet radiation effects in the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory 5 eV Neutral Atomic Oxygen Facility and in the MSFC Atomic Oxygen Drift Tube System. Included in this study were samples of various anodized aluminum samples, ceramic paints, polymeric materials, and beta cloth, a Teflon-impregnated fiberglass cloth. Aluminum anodizations tested were black duranodic, chromic acid anodize, and sulfuric acid anodize. Paint samples consisted of an inorganic glassy black paint and Z-93 white paint made with the original PS7 binder and the new K2130 binder. Polymeric samples evaluated included bulk Halar, bulk PEEK, and silverized FEP Teflon. Aluminized and nonaluminized Chemfab 250 beta cloth were also exposed. Samples were evaluated for changes in mass, thickness, solar absorptance, and infrared emittance. In addition to material effects, an investigation was made comparing diffuse reflectance/solar absorptance measurements made using a Beckman DK2 spectroreflectometer and like measurements made using an AZ Technology-developed laboratory portable spectroreflectometer. Kamenetzky, R. R. and Vaughn, J. A. and Finckenor, M. M. and Linton, R. C. Marshall Space Flight Center...
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781730731617
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (316 download)
Download or read book Atomic Oxygen and Space Environment Effects on Aerospace Materials Flown with Eoim-3 Experiment written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-11-02 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer materials samples mounted on a passive carrier tray were flown aboard the STS-46 Atlantis shuttle as complement to the EOIM-3 (Evaluation of Oxygen Interaction with Materials) experiment to evaluate the effects of atomic oxygen on the materials and to measure the gaseous shuttle bay environment. The morphological changes of the samples produced by the atomic oxygen fluence of 2.07 x 10(exp 20) atoms/cm(exp 2) are being reported. The changes have been verified using Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA), gravimetric measurement, microscopic observations and thermo-optical measurements. The samples, including Kapton, Delrin, epoxies, Beta Cloth, Chemglaze Z306, silver Teflon, silicone coatings, 3M tape and Uralane and Ultem, PEEK, Victrex (PES), Polyethersulfone and Polymethylpentene thermoplastic, have been characterized by their oxygen reaction efficiency on the basis of their erosion losses and the oxygen fluence. Those efficiencies have been compared to results from other experiments, when available. The efficiencies of the samples are all in the range of E-24 g/atom. The results indicate that the reaction efficiencies of the reported materials can be grouped in about three ranges of values. The least affected materials which have efficiencies varying from 1 to 10(exp 25) g/atom, include silicones, epoxies, Uralane and Teflon. A second group with efficiency from 10 to 45(exp 25) g/atom includes additional silicone coatings, the Chemglaze Z306 paint and Kapton. The third range from 50 to 75(exp 25) includes organic compound such as Pentene, Peek, Ultem, Sulfone and a 3M tape. A Delrin sample had the highest reaction efficiency of 179(exp 25) g/atom. Two samples, the aluminum Beta cloth X389-7 and the epoxy fiberglass G-11 nonflame retardant, showed a slight mass increase. Scialdone, John J. and Clatterbuck, Carroll H. and Ayres-Treusdell, Mary and Park, Gloria and Kolos, Diane Goddard Space Flight Center...
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781721295210
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (952 download)
Download or read book Atomic Oxygen Protection of Materials in Low Earth Orbit written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-19 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spacecraft polymeric materials as well as polymer-matrix carbon-fiber composites can be significantly eroded as a result of exposure to atomic oxygen in low Earth orbit (LEO). Several new materials now exist, as well as modifications to conventionally used materials, that provide much more resistance to atomic oxygen attack than conventional hydrocarbon polymers. Protective coatings have also been developed which are resistant to atomic oxygen attack and provide protection of underlying materials. However, in actual spacecraft applications, the configuration, choice of materials, surface characteristics and functional requirements of quasi-durable materials or protective coatings can have great impact on the resulting performance and durability. Atomic oxygen degradation phenomena occurring on past and existing spacecraft will be presented. Issues and considerations involved in providing atomic oxygen protection for materials used on spacecraft in low Earth orbit will be addressed. Analysis of in-space results to determine the causes of successes and failures of atomic oxygen protective coatings is presented. Banks, Bruce A. and Demko, Rikako Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2002-211360, E-13180, NAS 1.15:211360
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Atomic Oxygen Durability Evaluation of Protected Polymers Using Thermal Energy Plasma Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rainer A. Dressler
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9789812811882
Total Pages : 644 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (118 download)
Download or read book Chemical Dynamics in Extreme Environments written by Rainer A. Dressler and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As computing power increases, a growing number of macroscopic phenomena are modeled at the molecular level. Consequently, new requirements are generated for the understanding of molecular dynamics in exotic conditions. This book illustrates the importance of detailed chemical dynamics and the role it plays in the phenomenology of a number of extreme environments. Each chapter addresses one or more extreme environments, outlines the associated chemical mechanisms of relevance, and then covers the leading edge science that elucidates the chemical coupling. The chapters exhibit a balance between theory and experiment, gas phase, solid state, and surface dynamics, and geophysical and technical environments. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1.1: Introduction (203 KB). Chapter 1.2: Chemistry at High Temperatures and Pressures (99 KB). Chapter 1.3: High Temperature Chemistry in the Atmosphere (82 KB). Chapter 1.4: Low Temperature Chemistry (90 KB). Chapter 1.5: Conclusions (131 KB). Contents: Exploring Chemistry in Extreme Environments: A Driving Force for Innovation (M R Berman); Chemistry Under Extreme Conditions: Cluster Impact Activation (T Raz & R D Levine); Nonequilibrium Chemistry Modeling in Rarefied Hypersonic Flows (I D Boyd); Chemical Dynamics in Chemical Laser Media (M C Heaven); From Elementary Reactions to Complex Combustion Systems (C Schulz et al.); The Gas-Phase Chemical Dynamics Associated with Meteors (R A Dressler & E Murad); Dynamics of Hypervelocity Gas/Surface Collisions (D C Jacobs); Surface Chemistry in the Jovian Magnetosphere Radiation Environment (R E Johnson); Dynamics of Atomic Oxygen Induced Polymer Degradation in Low Earth Orbit (T K Minton & D J Garton); Atomic-Level Properties of Thermal Barrier Coatings: Characterization of MetalOCoCeramic Interface (A Christensen et al.); Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Detonations (C T White et al.). Readership: Scientists engaged in cross-disciplinary work and chemists studying multidisciplinary problems."
Author : J. Baird
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Combined Effects of the Low-Earth-Orbit Environment on Polymeric Materials written by J. Baird and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the phenomenology of the interaction of the space environment with organic composite spacecraft surfaces is both interesting science and important to the longevity of our space assets. The importance of this understanding has been made even more critical by the desire to use new, organic composite materials whose lower weight and higher stiffness will make it possible to orbit larger payloads. Inconsistencies between ground simulation and space test data clearly indicate that our understanding of the interaction phenomenology is inadequate. Preliminary research carried out by the Phillips Laboratory has demonstrated that the simultaneous interaction of all of the space environmental factors is often required to obtain agreement between ground- and space-test data. This paper describes the test equipment designed by Phillips Laboratory to subject composite materials to a simulated low-earth-orbit environment consisting of simultaneous fluxes of hyperthermal neutral oxygen atoms, energetic electrons, vacuum ultraviolet light, and hypervelocity-particle impacts characteristic of space debris and micrometeorites. Preliminary results of studies of the combined effects of fluxes of atomic oxygen and electrons on polysulfone resins and composites, and an evaluation of impact damage to polysulfone resins and composites from small aluminum particles traveling at velocities up to 6 km/s, are presented. The need for testing standards and methods for measuring space environmental effects is assessed.
Author : Neil Ivan Rock
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Atomic-oxygen-rich Environments on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Selected Polymers written by Neil Ivan Rock and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ann Fite Whitaker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (285 download)
Download or read book RF Oxygen Plasma Effects on Polymeric Materials written by Ann Fite Whitaker and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nineteen polymeric materials were exposed to an RF thermal atomic oxygen environment at fluxes of 10(22) atoms/m(2)-sec. Bulk material temperatures were maintained at 10, 45 and 75C during exposure. Mass loss rate which was charateristic of the type of polymer was proportional to exposure area and linear in time for most polymers except for Mylar which produced a shielding high temperature ash.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (455 download)
Download or read book Study of Species Produced by Atomic Oxygen Impact on Polymer-Resin Materials Using a Mass Spectrometry Method written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report results from a contract tasking CERT-ONERAIDERTS as follows: The contractor will investigate the effects of atomic oxygen (AO) on polymer-resin materials. Experimental conditions will simulate the AO environment of low-Earth orbit. Results will be analyzed for a completely neutral AO beam.
Author : Eugene Canlas Aquino
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (259 download)
Download or read book The Effects of the Exposure of Atomic Oxygen on Polymeric Material written by Eugene Canlas Aquino and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Atomic Oxygen Textured Polymers written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
