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Evaluating Residence Time For Cesium Removal From Simulated Hanford Tank Wastes Using Superligr 644 Resin
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Book Synopsis Evaluating Residence Time for Cesium Removal from Simulated Hanford Tank Wastes Using SuperLig(R) 644 Resin by :
Download or read book Evaluating Residence Time for Cesium Removal from Simulated Hanford Tank Wastes Using SuperLig(R) 644 Resin written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Batch contact and column experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of residence time on cesium (Cs) removal from two simulated Hanford tank wastes using SuperLig(R) 644 resin. The two waste simulants mimic the compositions of tanks 241-AZ-102 and 241-AN-107 at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford site. A single column made of glass tube (2.7-cm i.d.), which contained approximately 100 mL of H-form SuperLig(R) 644 resin was used in the column experiments. The experiments each consisted of loading, elution, and regeneration steps were performed at flow rates ranging from 0.64 to 8.2 BV/h for AZ-102 and from 1.5 to 18 BV/h for AN-107 simulant. The lowest flow rates of 0.64 and 1.5 BV/h were selected to evaluate less than optimal flow conditions in the plant. The range of the flow rates is consistent with the River Protection Project design for the waste treatment plant (WTP) columns, which will operate at a flow rate between 1.5 to 3 BV/h. Batch contact experiments were also performed for two batches of SuperLig(R) 644 to determine the equilibrium distribution coefficients (Kds) as a function of Cs concentration.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Temperature of SuperLig (R) 644 Cesium Removal from Simulated Hanford Tank Waste Supernate by :
Download or read book The Effect of Temperature of SuperLig (R) 644 Cesium Removal from Simulated Hanford Tank Waste Supernate written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Batch kinetic and column experiments have been carried out at 25, 35, and 45 Degrees C to examine the effect of temperature on SuperLig(R) 644 cesium (Cs) removal from simulated Hanford tank waste supernate. The simulated solution mimicked the composition of the low-activity waste supernate from tank 241-AN-105 in the U.S. DOE Hanford site. Small quantities of toxic metals, such as Cd, Cr, Fe, and Pb were spiked into the simulant to evaluate the metal's competitiveness with Cs for sorption on SuperLig(R) 644 resin. The results indicated that the temperature affects the removal of Cs and metal ions, although the effect was not the same for all metal ions. The extent of Cs removal decreased with an increase in temperature. The Cs capacity at breakthrough point was 0.015, 0.013, and 0.011-mmole/g dry resin at 25, 35 and 45 Degrees C, respectively. The column was effectively eluted to less than 1 Percent (0.1 C/Co) of the feed concentration with approximately 10 BVs of 0.5 M nitric acid. The resin showed limited affinity for toxic metal ions (Cr, Cd, Fe, and Pb) as compared to Cs. Based on the batch kinetic data, the Cs uptake of the resin was not hampered by the presence of the toxic metals in solution.
Book Synopsis Cesium Removal from Simulated and Actual Hanford Tank Waste Using Ion Exchange by : S. K. Fiskum
Download or read book Cesium Removal from Simulated and Actual Hanford Tank Waste Using Ion Exchange written by S. K. Fiskum and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Scale Testing of the Ion Exchange Removal of Cesium and Technetium from Hanford Tank Wastes by :
Download or read book Comprehensive Scale Testing of the Ion Exchange Removal of Cesium and Technetium from Hanford Tank Wastes written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly selective ion exchange materials will be used to remove radionuclides from tank waste at the Hanford site as part of the River Protection Project. Testing in support of facility design was performed with different sizes of ion exchange columns to provide a basis for comparing results obtained using small-scale with radioactive samples and full design-height (i.e., pilot-scale) with simulant. Results indicate good comparison between small-scale radioactive tests and pilot-scale simulant tests. Because of the cost of performing radioactive tests and the unavailability of large sample volumes, understanding scale-up of performance parameters is critical to ensure that the system will perform as designed. The consistency of scale-up of ion exchange columns using SuperLig 644 and 639 resins has been demonstrated. Maintaining constant residence time, i.e., Column Volumes per hour, yields similar breakthrough profiles with resin columns ranging from 3.5 cm to 230 cm in height. Experiments performed with flow rates greatly exceeding the design parameters provided valuable information on loading and diffusion parameters. These data will be used, along with a computer model, to permit verification of design and prediction of column performance.
Book Synopsis Determination of Cesium (CS+) Adsorption Kinetics and Equilibrium Isotherms from Hanford Waste Simulants Using Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (RF) Resins by :
Download or read book Determination of Cesium (CS+) Adsorption Kinetics and Equilibrium Isotherms from Hanford Waste Simulants Using Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (RF) Resins written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the results of cesium sorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherm tests with resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) resin using Tank AN-105 simulated waste. These tests were conducted at the Savannah River Technology Center in support of the Hanford River Protection Project - Waste Treatment Plant (RPP-WTP). A crucial part of the current treatment process involves the removal of cesium from waste tank supernate solutions using columns containing SuperLig 644 resin. Due to concerns about the chemical and hydraulic performance of SuperLig 644 resin in large-scale operations, RF resin was evaluated as a potential alternative to the baseline material. Extensive testing was conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory on various RF samples (both granular and spherical) obtained from different vendors. Three RF samples (two spherical and one granular) were subsequently delivered to SRTC based on initial screening results at PNNL, which indicated good performance for these materials. A small number of tests were then conducted at SRTC on the RF resin using non-radioactive simulant solutions to support development of a preliminary column performance model.
Book Synopsis ION EXCHANGE MODELING FOR REMOVAL OF CESIUM FROM HANFORD WASTE USING SUPERLIG 644 RESIN. by : L. Hamm
Download or read book ION EXCHANGE MODELING FOR REMOVAL OF CESIUM FROM HANFORD WASTE USING SUPERLIG 644 RESIN. written by L. Hamm and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The expected performance of a proposed ion exchange column using SuperLig{reg_sign} 644 resin for the removal of cesium from Hanford high level radioactive alkaline waste is discussed. This report represents a final report on the ability and knowledge with regard to modeling the Cesium-SuperLig{reg_sign} 644 resin ion exchange system. Only the loading phase of the cycle process is addressed within this report. Pertinent bench-scale column tests and batch equilibrium experiments are addressed. The methodology employed and sensitivity analyses are also included (i.e., existing methodology employed is referenced to prior developmental efforts while updated methodology is discussed). Pilot-scale testing is not assessed since no pilot-scale testing was available at the time of this report. Column performance predictions are made considering three selected feed compositions under nominal operating conditions. The sensitivity analyses provided help to identify key parameters that aid in resin procurement acceptance criteria. The methodology and application presented within this report reflect the expected behavior of SuperLig{reg_sign} 644 resin manufactured at the production-scale (i.e, 250 gallon batch size level). The primary objective of this work was, through modeling and verification based on experimental assessments, to predict the cesium removal performance of SuperLig{reg_sign} 644 resin for application in the RPP pretreatment facility.
Book Synopsis Multiple Ion Exchange Column Runs for Cesium and Technetium Removal from AW-101 Waste Sample by :
Download or read book Multiple Ion Exchange Column Runs for Cesium and Technetium Removal from AW-101 Waste Sample written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The River Protection Project -Waste Treatment Plant (RPP-WTP) will be performing cesium removal from Hanford tank waste supernatants using SuperLig 644 resin. These elutable resins will be used multiple times to process large volumes of radioactive waste samples and will be subjected to chemical and radiation degradation during use at the waste treatment plant (WTP). The RPP-WTP process design assumes that resin batches can be used a minimum of 10 cycles before the resin must be replaced due to degradation. The effects of radiation and chemical degradation on SuperLig 644 and 639 resins were separately studied in the past under static conditions, i.e., in contact with air, water, and simulated waste solutions. To determine the chemical degradation effects under dynamic or column conditions, Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and IBC Advanced Technologies conducted multiple load/elute/regenerate cycles with simulated Hanford waste samples. Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) was contracted to demonstrate the performance of SuperLig 644 and 639 resins to treat repetitively radioactive waste solutions. Six cycles of loading, elution, and regeneration were performed to remove cesium from a Hanford waste sample. Five load/elute/regenerate cycles were carried out to remove technetium from cesium-depleted effluent solutions. The multiple load/elute/regenerate cycles demonstrated that cesium and technetium can be effectively removed from a sample using SuperLig 644 and 639 resins. The percent cesium removal was greater than 99.99 per cent for each of the six cycles.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Organic and Inorganic Ion Exchangers for Removal of Cesium and Strontium from Simulated and Actual Hanford 241-AW-101 DSSF Tank Waste by :
Download or read book Comparison of Organic and Inorganic Ion Exchangers for Removal of Cesium and Strontium from Simulated and Actual Hanford 241-AW-101 DSSF Tank Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of organic and inorganic exchangers are being developed and evaluated for cesium removal from Hanford tank wastes. The exchangers of interest that are investigated in this work include powdered (IONSIV[reg-sign] IE-910; referred to as IE-910) and engineered (IONSIV[reg-sign] IE-911; referred to as IE-911) forms of the crystalline silico-titanate (CST) inorganic sorbent developed by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL)/Texas A and M and prepared by UOP; a phenol-formaldehyde (CS-100) resin developed by Rohm and Haas; a resorcinol-formaldehyde (R-F) polymer developed at the Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC) and produced by Boulder Scientific; an inorganic zeolite exchanger produced by UOP (IONSIV[reg-sign] TIE-96; referred to as TIE-96); an inorganic sodium titanate produced by Allied Signal/Texas A and M (NaTi); and a macrocyclic organic resin developed and produced by IBC Advanced Technologies (SuperLig[reg-sign] 644; referred to as SL-644). Several of these materials are still under development and may not be in the optimal form. The work described in this report involves the direct comparison of the ion exchange materials for the pretreatment of actual and simulated Hanford tank waste. Data on the performance of all of the exchangers with simulated and actual double shell slurry feed (DSSF) is included. The DSSF waste is a mixture of the supernate from tanks 101-AW (70%), 106-AP (20%) and 102-AP (10%). The comparative parameters include radionuclide removal efficiency under a variety of conditions and material properties (e.g., bed density and percent removable water). Cesium and strontium distribution (K[sub d]), lambda ([lambda]= K[sub d][times][rho][sub b]), and decontamination factors (DF) are compared as a function of exchanger contact duration, solution composition (Na and Cs concentration), exchanger/waste phase ratio, and multiple sequential contacts.
Book Synopsis Evaluation and Comparison of SuperLig[reg-sign] 644, Resorcinol-formaldehyde and CS-100 Ion Exchange Materials for the Removal of Cesium from Simulated Alkaline Supernate by :
Download or read book Evaluation and Comparison of SuperLig[reg-sign] 644, Resorcinol-formaldehyde and CS-100 Ion Exchange Materials for the Removal of Cesium from Simulated Alkaline Supernate written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PNL evaluated three polymeric materials for Cs removal efficiency from a simulated Hanford Neutralized Current Acid Waste (NCAW) supernatant liquid using 200 mL ion exchange columns. Cs loadings (mmole Cs/g resin) were 0.20, 0.18, and 0.039 for Super Lig 644, R-F, and CS-100 (0.045, 0.070, 0.011 mmole Cs/mL resin). Elution of each resin material with 0.5 M HNO[sub 3] required 3.5, 7.0, and 3.2 cv to reach 0.1 C/C[sub 0] for the respective materials, resulting in volume compressions of 27, 20, and 6.9. Peak Cs concentrations during elution was 185, 38.5, and 27.8 C/C[sub 0]. SuperLig 644 had the highest Cs loading per gram in NCAW and the greatest volume compression on aci elution. Because of high density and poor elution, R-F had the highest Cs loading per unit volume and lower volume compression. CS-100, the baseline material for Cs removal at Hanford, was inferior to both SuperLig 644 and R-F in terms of Cs loading and selectivity over sodium.
Book Synopsis An Optimal Ion Exchange Design for Removal of Cesium from Hanford Waste by :
Download or read book An Optimal Ion Exchange Design for Removal of Cesium from Hanford Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-elutable crystalline silicotitanate (CST) ion-exchanger materials have been studied for removing cesium from a variety of radioactive wastes at several U.S. DOE sites over the last decade. For the current pretreatment facility design of the River Protection Project (RPP) Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) in Hanford, the removal of cesium from low activity waste (LAW) is achieved by ion-exchange technology based on SuperLig(R) 644 resin. However, due to concerns over potential radiological and chemical degradation of SuperLig(R) 644 resin, IONSIV IE-911 (CST in its engineered form) material is being proposed as a backup ion-exchange material for the removal of cesium from Hanford radioactive waste. This paper discusses the methodology used to determine the optimal CST ion-exchange column size to process all 16 separate batches of feeds from the ten targeted Hanford waste tanks. The optimal design ensures the best utilization of CST material and therefore results in a minimum amount of spent CST.
Book Synopsis Preliminary Ion Exchange Modeling for Removal of Cesium from Hanford Waste Using Hydrous Crystalline Silicotitanate Material by :
Download or read book Preliminary Ion Exchange Modeling for Removal of Cesium from Hanford Waste Using Hydrous Crystalline Silicotitanate Material written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the current pretreatment facility design of the River Protection Project (RPP) Waste Treatment Plant (WTP), the removal of cesium from low activity waste (LAW) is achieved by ion-exchange technology based on SuperLig(R) 644 resin. Due to recent concerns over potential radiological and chemical degradation of SuperLig(R) 644 resin and increased pressure drops observed during pilot-scale column studies, an increased interest in developing a potential backup ion-exchanger material has resulted. Ideally, a backup ion-exchanger material would replace the SuperLig(R) 644 resin and have no other major impacts on the pretreatment facility flowsheet. Such an ideal exchanger has not been identified to date. However, Crystalline Silicotitanate (CST) ion-exchanger materials have been studied for the removal of cesium from a variety of DOE wastes over the last decade. CST ion-exchanger materials demonstrate a high affinity for cesium under high alkalinity conditions and have been under investigation for cesium removal specifically at Hanford and SRS during the last six years. Since CST is an inorganic based material (with excellent properties in regard to chemical, radiological, and thermal stability) that is considered to be practically non-elutable (while SuperLig(R) 644 is an organic based elutable resin), the overall pretreatment facility flowsheet would be impacted in various ways. However, the CST material is still being considered as a potential backup ion-exchanger material. The performance of a proposed backup ion-exchange column using IONSIV IE-911 (CST in its engineered-form) material for the removal of cesium from Hanford high level radioactive alkaline waste is discussed. This report focuses attention on the ion-exchange aspects and addresses the loading phase of the process cycle.
Book Synopsis Standardization of Potassium Permanganate Solution by Sodium Oxalate by : Russell Smith McBridge
Download or read book Standardization of Potassium Permanganate Solution by Sodium Oxalate written by Russell Smith McBridge and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Yvain written by Chretien de Troyes and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1987-09-10 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A twelfth-century poem by the creator of the Arthurian romance describes the courageous exploits and triumphs of a brave lord who tries to win back his deserted wife's love
Book Synopsis Charles Pettigrew, First Bishop-elect of the North Carolina Episcopal Church by : Bennett H Wall
Download or read book Charles Pettigrew, First Bishop-elect of the North Carolina Episcopal Church written by Bennett H Wall and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
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