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Evaluating And Standardizing Therapeutic Agents 1890 1950
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Book Synopsis Evaluating and Standardizing Therapeutic Agents, 1890-1950 by : C. Gradmann
Download or read book Evaluating and Standardizing Therapeutic Agents, 1890-1950 written by C. Gradmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-04-08 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the testing of therapeutic sera, the quantified evaluation of a pharmaceutical's efficacy became a key feature of medicine in the twentieth century. The case studies in this volume offer comparisons across Europe, from the diphtheria antitoxin in the late 1800s to the introduction of the Salk polio vaccine in the 1950s.
Book Synopsis Evaluating and Standardizing Therapeutic Agents, 1890- 950 by : Christoph Gradmann
Download or read book Evaluating and Standardizing Therapeutic Agents, 1890- 950 written by Christoph Gradmann and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the testing of therapeutic sera, the quantified evaluation of a pharmaceutical's efficacy became a key feature of medicine in the twentieth century.€The case studies in this volume offer comparisons across Europe, €from the diphtheria antitoxin in the late€1800s to the introduction of the Salk polio vaccine in the 1950s.
Book Synopsis The Truth Pill by : Dinesh Singh Thakur
Download or read book The Truth Pill written by Dinesh Singh Thakur and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2022-10-10 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2004, when the fraud at Ranbaxy, the largest Indian pharmaceutical company at the time first came to light, the Indian pharmaceutical industry and clinical research organizations have been rocked by a series of scandals after investigations by American and European drug regulators. While the West has responded to concerns about quality of “Made in India” medicine by blocking exports from many Indian pharmaceutical companies, the Indian government responded not with regulatory reform but conspiracy theories about “vested interests” working against India. More worryingly, the Indian state has also turned a blind eye to a far more serious quality crisis in its domestic pharmaceutical market. At times, these quality issues manifest themselves in the deaths of Indian citizens as happened in early 2020 when 11 children died in Jammu because of adulterated cough syrup. On other occasions, a dodgy drug approval process has led to the Indian regulator approving sales of drugs that have never been approved by regulators in the developed markets. The result is not just poor health outcomes but outsize profits for pharmaceutical companies manufacturing medicines that have never been validated through scientifically rigorous clinical trials for therapeutic evidence. These twin crises, in both the domestic and export markets, is because India has either outdated regulations or no regulations in some areas. Even the outdated regulations are enforced with kids gloves by drug inspectors and judicial magistrates who are ready to forgive even those whose drugs are found to contain barely any active ingredient or dangerously high levels of bacterial endotoxins. In a race for growth of the pharmaceutical industry, the Indian state has sacrificed scientific rigour and ignored the basic principles of public health. Given India’s position as the pharmacy of the developing world, the failure of the Indian state is a problem for not just India but most of the developing world. This timely, important and compelling book based on deep research, questions and analyzes the actions of the institutions that are responsible for the safety and efficacy of the Indian drug supply in the context of the historical evolution of the Drugs Act 1940 from pre-Independence India to the present day. The future of Indian public health lies in responding to the issues raised in this book.
Book Synopsis Diphtheria Serum as a Technological Object by : Jonathan Simon
Download or read book Diphtheria Serum as a Technological Object written by Jonathan Simon and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduced in 1894 as a treatment for a deadly childhood disease, the diphtheria serum stands as a milestone in pharmaceutical history. Diphtheria Serum as a Technological Object: A Philosophical Analysis of Serotherapy in France 1894-1900 considers the production and use of this serum in France, analyzing the drug in terms of a technological object. To do this, Jonathan Simon draws on the philosophy of technology, exploring the application of this approach to medical drugs and suggesting how such an analysis can in turn contribute to this domain of philosophy. Starting with the manufacture of the serum from horses’ blood, Simon then considers the processes involved in transforming the blood serum into a legal medical drug and establishing its efficacy as a treatment against diphtheria. The book looks at the place the drug assumed in French society at the time, as well as the legal and political implications of its manufacture and use. All these elements are deployed to characterize a specifically French serum, as the author argues that the constitution of the drug in its full sense is not only technical but also social, political, and legal. Considering the serum as technological object facilitates a philosophical reflection on the nature of medical drugs in general by means of a thorough analysis of this particular historical example. The insights offered in this book will be of interest to students and scholars working on the philosophy of technology, particularly the medical sciences, as well as to historians of medicine, particularly those interested in the history of pharmacy.
Book Synopsis The Rockefeller Foundation, Public Health and International Diplomacy, 1920–1945 by : Josep L Barona
Download or read book The Rockefeller Foundation, Public Health and International Diplomacy, 1920–1945 written by Josep L Barona and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on extensive archival research, this study examines the role of the Rockefeller Foundation and the League of Nations in improving public health during the interwar period. Barona argues that the Foundation applied a model of business efficiency to its ideology of spreading good health, creating a revolution in public health practice.
Book Synopsis Therapeutic Revolutions by : Jeremy A. Greene
Download or read book Therapeutic Revolutions written by Jeremy A. Greene and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2016-11-23 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When asked to compare the practice of medicine today to that of a hundred years ago, most people will respond with a story of therapeutic revolution: Back then we had few effective remedies, but now we have more (and more powerful) tools to fight disease, from antibiotics to psychotropics to steroids to anticancer agents. This collection challenges the historical accuracy of this revolutionary narrative and offers instead a more nuanced account of the process of therapeutic innovation and the relationships between the development of medicines and social change. These assembled histories and ethnographies span three continents and use the lived experiences of physicians and patients, consumers and providers, and marketers and regulators to reveal the tensions between universal claims of therapeutic knowledge and the actual ways these claims have been used and understood in specific sites, from postwar West Germany pharmacies to twenty-first century Nigerian street markets. By asking us to rethink a story we thought we knew, Therapeutic Revolutions offers invaluable insights to historians, anthropologists, and social scientists of medicine.
Book Synopsis The Development of Scientific Marketing in the Twentieth Century by : Jean-Paul Gaudilliere
Download or read book The Development of Scientific Marketing in the Twentieth Century written by Jean-Paul Gaudilliere and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global pharmaceutical industry is currently estimated to be worth $1 trillion. Contributors chart the rise of scientific marketing within the industry from 1920-1980. This is the first comprehensive study into pharmaceutical marketing, demonstrating that many new techniques were actually developed in Europe before being exported to America.
Book Synopsis Biologics, A History of Agents Made From Living Organisms in the Twentieth Century by : Alexander von Schwerin
Download or read book Biologics, A History of Agents Made From Living Organisms in the Twentieth Century written by Alexander von Schwerin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of biologics – drugs made from living organisms – has raised specific scientific, industrial, medical and legal issues. The essays contained in this collection each deal with a case study of a biologic substance, or group of biologics, and its use during the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis The Routledge History of Disease by : Mark Jackson
Download or read book The Routledge History of Disease written by Mark Jackson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge History of Disease draws on innovative scholarship in the history of medicine to explore the challenges involved in writing about health and disease throughout the past and across the globe, presenting a varied range of case studies and perspectives on the patterns, technologies and narratives of disease that can be identified in the past and that continue to influence our present. Organized thematically, chapters examine particular forms and conceptualizations of disease, covering subjects from leprosy in medieval Europe and cancer screening practices in twentieth-century USA to the ayurvedic tradition in ancient India and the pioneering studies of mental illness that took place in nineteenth-century Paris, as well as discussing the various sources and methods that can be used to understand the social and cultural contexts of disease. Chapter 24 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315543420.ch24
Book Synopsis Gendered Drugs and Medicine by : Teresa Ortiz-Gómez
Download or read book Gendered Drugs and Medicine written by Teresa Ortiz-Gómez and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-22 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drugs are considered to be healers and harmers, wonder substances and knowledge makers; objects that impact on social hierarchies, health practices and public policies. As a collective endeavour, this book focuses on the ways that gender, along with race/ethnicity and class, influence the design, standardisation and circulation of drugs throughout several highly medicalised countries throughout the twentieth century and until the twenty-first. Fourteen authors from different European and non-European countries analyse the extent to which the dominant ideas and values surrounding masculinity and femininity have contributed to shape the research, prescription and use of drugs by women and men within particular social and cultural contexts. New and lesser-known, gender-specific issues in lifestyles and social practices associated with pharmaceutical technologies are analysed, as is the manner in which they intervene in life experiences such as reproduction, sexual desire, childbirth, depression and happiness. The processes of prescribing, selling, marketing and accepting or forbidding drugs is also examined, as is the contribution of gendered medical practices to the medicalisation and growing consumption of drugs by women. Gender relations and other hierarchies are involved as both causes and consequences of drug cultures, and of the history and social life of gender in contemporary drug production, use and consumption. A network of agents emerges from this book’s research, contributing to a better understanding of both gender and drugs within our society.
Book Synopsis Medicine, Knowledge and Venereal Diseases in England, 1886-1916 by : Anne R. Hanley
Download or read book Medicine, Knowledge and Venereal Diseases in England, 1886-1916 written by Anne R. Hanley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reveals the ever-present challenges of patient care at the forefront of medical knowledge. Syphilis and gonorrhoea played upon the public imagination in Victorian and Edwardian England, inspiring fascination and fear. Seemingly inextricable from the other great 'social evil', prostitution, these diseases represented contamination, both physical and moral. They infiltrated respectable homes and brought terrible suffering and stigma to those afflicted. Medicine, Knowledge and Venereal Diseases takes us back to an age before penicillin and the NHS, when developments in pathology, symptomology and aetiology were transforming clinical practice. This is the first book to examine systematically how doctors, nurses and midwives grappled with new ideas and laboratory-based technologies in their fight against venereal diseases in voluntary hospitals, general practice and Poor Law institutions. It opens up new perspectives on what made competent and safe medical professionals; how these standards changed over time; and how changing attitudes and expectations affected the medical authority and autonomy of different professional groups.
Download or read book Blood Relations written by Jenny Bangham and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blood is messy, dangerous, and charged with meaning. By following it as it circulates through people and institutions, Jenny Bangham explores the intimate connections between the early infrastructures of blood transfusion and the development of human genetics. Focusing on mid-twentieth-century Britain, Blood Relations connects histories of eugenics to the local politics of giving blood, showing how the exchange of blood carved out networks that made human populations into objects of medical surveillance and scientific research. Bangham reveals how biology was transformed by two world wars, how scientists have worked to define racial categories, and how the practices and rhetoric of public health made genetics into a human science. Today, genetics is a powerful authority on human health and identity, and Blood Relations helps us understand how this authority was achieved.
Book Synopsis Health Education Films in the Twentieth Century by : Christian Bonah
Download or read book Health Education Films in the Twentieth Century written by Christian Bonah and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2018 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the impact and importance of the health education film in Europe and North America in the first half of the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis Voluntary Action and Illegal Drugs by : A. Mold
Download or read book Voluntary Action and Illegal Drugs written by A. Mold and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-04-14 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique exploration of the changing ideas about the place of voluntarism and health care within society in Britain since the 1960s. By considering the work of voluntary organisations with illegal drug users, the authors provide a lens through which wider developments in the relationship between the state and civil society are examined.
Download or read book Nanomedicine written by Jonathan Simon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-04-25 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is an introduction to nanomedicine informed by a philosophical reflection about the domain and recent developments. It is an overview of the field, sketching out the main areas of current investment and research. The authors present some case-studies illustrating the different areas of research (nanopharmacy, theranostics and patient monitoring) as well as reflecting on the risks that accompany it, such as unanticipated impacts on human health and environmental toxicity. This introduction to a fast-growing field in modern medical research is of great interest to researchers working in many disciplines as well as the general public. In addition to an overview of the work currently ongoing, the authors critically assess these projects from an ethical and philosophical perspective. Key Features Provides an overview of nanomedicine Employs a reflective and coherent critical evaluation of the benefits and risks of nanomedicine Written in an accessible manner intended for a wide audience Related Titles Hehenberger, M. Nanomedicine: Science, Business, and impact (ISBN 978-9-8146-1376-7). Beg, S., et al. Nanomedicine for the treatment of Disease: From Concept to Application (ISBN 978-1-7746-3443-1) Brenner, S. The Clinical Nanomedicine Handbook (ISBN 978-1-1380-7578-8)
Book Synopsis The Circulation of Penicillin in Spain by : María Jesús Santesmases
Download or read book The Circulation of Penicillin in Spain written by María Jesús Santesmases and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-18 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reconstructs the early circulation of penicillin in Spain, a country exhausted by civil war (1936–1939), and oppressed by Franco’s dictatorship. Embedded in the post-war recovery, penicillin’s voyages through time and across geographies – professional, political and social – were both material and symbolic. This powerful antimicrobial captivated the imagination of the general public, medical practice, science and industry, creating high expectations among patients, who at times experienced little or no effect. Penicillin’s lack of efficacy against some microbes fueled the search for new wonder drugs and sustained a decades-long research agenda built on the post-war concept of development through scientific and technological achievements. This historical reconstruction of the social life of penicillin between the 1940s and 1980s – through the dictatorship to democratic transition – explores political, public, medical, experimental and gender issues, and the rise of antibiotic resistance.
Book Synopsis Healthcare in Private and Public from the Early Modern Period to 2000 by : Paul Weindling
Download or read book Healthcare in Private and Public from the Early Modern Period to 2000 written by Paul Weindling and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-17 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key volume on a central aspect of the history of medicine and its social relations, The History of Healthcare in Public and Private examines how the modernisation of healthcare resulted in a wide variety of changing social arrangements in both public and private spheres. This book considers a comprehensive range of topics ranging from children's health, mental disorders and the influence of pharmaceutical companies to the systems of twentieth century healthcare in Britain, Eastern Europe and South Africa. Covering a broad chronological, thematic and global scope, chapters discuss key themes such as how changing economies have influenced configurations of healthcare, how access has varied according to lifecycle, ethnicity and wealth, and how definitions of public and private have shifted over time. Containing illustrations and a general introduction that outlines the key themes discussed in the volume, The History of Healthcare in Public and Private is essential reading for any student interested in the history of medicine.
