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Ethnic Identity And The State In Iran
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Book Synopsis Ethnic Identity and the State in Iran by : A. Saleh
Download or read book Ethnic Identity and the State in Iran written by A. Saleh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-17 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the Islamic Republic has employed various strategies to mitigate the worst excesses of inter-ethnic tension while still securing a Shi'a dominated "Persian hegemony," the systematic neglect of ethnic groups by both the Islamic Republic and its predecessor regime has resulted in the politicization of ethnic identity in Iran.
Book Synopsis From Border to Border by : Kameel Ahmady
Download or read book From Border to Border written by Kameel Ahmady and published by Avaye Buf. This book was released on with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My Kurdish background has sparked an interest in the study of identity and ethnicity that has always been present in me. My childhood experiences have been affected by various ethnic stories, narratives and wartime memories. I was born and raised in an area close to the Iraqi border and not far from the Turkish border. This border position might have helped me to reach a more vivid picture and understanding of such concepts as identity and ethnicity. Another reason for my interest in identity and ethnicity is related to the background of my studies in other geographical locations, mostly in Iran and its rural and deprived societies. These studies kept me in close contact with the ethnic groups that settle in underdeveloped and low-income areas, an encounter and a relationship that ultimately helped me to arrive at an understanding of the various dimensions and aspects of the question of ethnicity. The third reason for studying and researching identity and ethnicity is the requirement to distinguish these ethnicities from one another, as well as the flaws and shortcomings that have long existed in centre-oriented policies leading to an unfair distribution of wealth and power among the different geographical regions of a country. Additionally, the importance of peace in the geography and history of Iran, particularly at this pivotal time, further inspired me to conduct a study on identity and ethnicity with a focus on peace. Studies for this research focused more on the elite members of these ethnic groups than on ordinary people. The study makes a concerted effort to answer issues like how these people view themselves and their ethnicities, how they use that understanding to create a sense of otherness and distinction from other identities, and how they see themselves in the current political and social structure of Iranian society, and what they presume about ideas like convergence, political cooperation, mother tongue, as well as the central and peripheral ethnicities.
Book Synopsis Ethnicity, Identity, and the Development of Nationalism in Iran by : David N. Yaghoubian
Download or read book Ethnicity, Identity, and the Development of Nationalism in Iran written by David N. Yaghoubian and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnicity, Identity, and the Development of Nationalism in Iran investigates the ways in which Armenian minorities in Iran encountered Iranian nationalism and participated in its development over the course of the twentieth century. Based primarily on oral interviews, archival documents, memoirs, memorabilia, and photographs, the book examines the lives of a group of Armenian Iranians—a truck driver, an army officer, a parliamentary representative, a civil servant, and a scout leader—and explores the personal conflicts and paradoxes attendant upon their layered allegiances and compound identities. In documenting individual experiences in Iranian industry, military, government, education, and community organizations, the five social biographies detail the various roles of elites and nonelites in the development of Iranian nationalism and reveal the multiple forces that shape the processes of identity formation. Yaghoubian combines these portraits with a theoretical grounding to answer recurring pivotal questions about how nationalism evolves, why it is appealing, what broad forces and daily activities shape and sustain it, and the role of ethnicity in its development.
Book Synopsis The Emergence of Iranian Nationalism by : Reza Zia-Ebrahimi
Download or read book The Emergence of Iranian Nationalism written by Reza Zia-Ebrahimi and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-15 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reza Zia-Ebrahimi revisits the work of Fath?ali Akhundzadeh and Mirza Aqa Khan Kermani, two Qajar-era intellectuals who founded modern Iranian nationalism. In their efforts to make sense of a difficult historical situation, these thinkers advanced an appealing ideology Zia-Ebrahimi calls "dislocative nationalism," in which pre-Islamic Iran is cast as a golden age, Islam is reinterpreted as an alien religion, and Arabs become implacable others. Dislodging Iran from its empirical reality and tying it to Europe and the Aryan race, this ideology remains the most politically potent form of identity in Iran. Akhundzadeh and Kermani's nationalist reading of Iranian history has been drilled into the minds of Iranians since its adoption by the Pahlavi state in the early twentieth century. Spread through mass schooling, historical narratives, and official statements of support, their ideological perspective has come to define Iranian culture and domestic and foreign policy. Zia-Ebrahimi follows the development of dislocative nationalism through a range of cultural and historical materials, and he captures its incorporation of European ideas about Iranian history, the Aryan race, and a primordial nation. His work emphasizes the agency of Iranian intellectuals in translating European ideas for Iranian audiences, impressing Western conceptions of race onto Iranian identity.
Book Synopsis Iranians in Texas by : Mohsen M. Mobasher
Download or read book Iranians in Texas written by Mohsen M. Mobasher and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thousands of Iranians fled their homeland when the 1978–1979 revolution ended the fifty-year reign of the Pahlavi Dynasty. Some fled to Europe and Canada, while others settled in the United States, where anti-Iranian sentiment flared as the hostage crisis unfolded. For those who chose America, Texas became the fourth-largest settlement area, ultimately proving to be a place of paradox for any Middle Easterner in exile. Iranians in Texas culls data, interviews, and participant observations in Iranian communities in Houston, Dallas, and Austin to reveal the difficult, private world of cultural pride, religious experience, marginality, culture clashes, and other aspects of the lives of these immigrants. Examining the political nature of immigration and how the originating and receiving countries shape the prospects of integration, Mohsen Mobasher incorporates his own experience as a Texas scholar born in Iran. Tracing current anti-Muslim sentiment to the Iranian hostage crisis, two decades before 9/11, he observes a radically negative shift in American public opinion that forced thousands of Iranians in the United States to suddenly be subjected to stigmatization and viewed as enemies. The book also sheds light on the transformation of the Iranian family in exile and some of the major challenges that second-generation Iranians face in their interactions with their parents. Bringing to life a unique population in the context of global politics, Iranians in Texas overturns stereotypes while echoing diverse voices.
Book Synopsis Kurds and the State in Iran by : Abbas Vali
Download or read book Kurds and the State in Iran written by Abbas Vali and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-04-11 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In early 1946, Kurds declared an independent republic in north-west Iran. The Mahabad Republic, as it became known, was the first time that the Kurds experienced self-rule in the modern era. Although short-lived, the Republic had a formative influence on the subsequent development of Kurdish nationalist movements in Iran and the wider region. Here, Abbas Vali disputes the conventional view that the Kurdish Republic was the result of a Soviet conspiracy to dismember Iran, a side-effect of the Cold War. Instead he emphasizes the diversity of the internal Iranian and Kurdish factors that led to the formation of the Republic, arguing that the Republic represents the culmination of a new and modern Kurdish national identity. This was an identity which emerged in response to the exclusionary effects of the political and discursive processes and practices of the construction of a modern Iranian nation-state and national identity since the Constitutional Revolution of 1906, which often excluded and attempted to override a Kurdish one. Vali contends that this process, largely due to the socio-economic and cultural impact of the rule of Pahlavis, in reality forced the Kurdish people of Iran to form and reinforce their own ethno-linguistic and ethno-national community. The expressions of this separate identity can be traced through the formation and dissolution of Kurdish national parties, such as the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (KDPI). 'Kurds and the State in Iran' offers an analysis of the formation and effects of the concepts of the state, the nation, nationalism and ethnic identity, which go beyond current ethnicist and constructivist theories, thus making it essential reading for anyone interested in the Kurds or the development of national and state identities in the Middle East.
Book Synopsis Armenian Christians in Iran by : James Barry
Download or read book Armenian Christians in Iran written by James Barry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-11 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines Iran's Armenian community, shedding light on Muslim-Christian relations in Iran since the 1979 revolution.
Book Synopsis Identity, Conflict And Politics In Turkey, Iran And Pakistan by : Gilles Dorronsoro
Download or read book Identity, Conflict And Politics In Turkey, Iran And Pakistan written by Gilles Dorronsoro and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnic and religious identity-markers compete with class and gender as principles shaping the organization and classification of everyday life. But how are an individual's identity-based conflicts transformed and redefined? Identity is a specific form of social capital, hence contexts where multiple identities obtain necessarily come with a hierarchy, with differences, and hence with a certain degree of hostility. The contributors to this book examine the rapid transformation of identity hierarchies affecting Iran, Pakistan and Turkey, a symptom of political fractures, social-economic transformation, and new regimes of subjectification. They focus on the state's role in organizing access to resources, with its institutions often being the main target of demands, rather than competing social groups. Such con- texts enable entrepreneurs of collective action to exploit identity differences, which in turn help them to expand the scale of their mobilization and to align local and national conflicts. The authors also examine how identity-based violence may be autonomous in certain contexts, and serve to prime collective action and transform the relations between communities.
Download or read book Cultural Trauma written by Ron Eyerman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-12-13 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ron Eyerman explores the formation of African American identity through the cultural trauma of slavery.
Book Synopsis Borders and Brethren by : Brenda Shaffer
Download or read book Borders and Brethren written by Brenda Shaffer and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2002-10-02 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Azerbaijani people have been divided between Iran and the former Soviet republic of Azerbaijan for more than 150 years, yet they have retained their ethnic identity. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the emergence of an independent Azerbaijan have only served to reinforce their collective identity. In Borders and Brethren, Brenda Shaffer examines trends in Azerbaijani collective identity from the period of the Islamic Revolution in Iran through the Soviet breakup and the beginnings of the Republic of Azerbaijan (1979-2000). Challenging the mainstream view in contemporary Iranian studies, Shaffer argues that a distinctive Azerbaijani identity exists in Iran and that Azerbaijani ethnicity must be a part of studies of Iranian society and assessments of regime stability in Iran. She analyzes how Azerbaijanis have maintained their identity and how that identity has assumed different forms in the former Soviet Union and Iran. In addition to contributing to the study of ethnic identity, the book reveals the dilemmas of ethnic politics in Iran.
Book Synopsis Iran is More Than Persia by : Brenda Shaffer
Download or read book Iran is More Than Persia written by Brenda Shaffer and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-12-19 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran is More than Persia: Ethnic Politics in Iran analyses Iranian politics from a unique perspective, one that focuses on the relations between the Persian-dominated Iranian state and the country’s ethnic minorities. The book explores the stability of the ruling regime in light of the challenges that multiethnicity brings. Persians comprise less than half of the population of Iran and more than 40 percent of Iranians lack fluency in the Persian language. An overwhelming majority of non-Persian groups inhabit most of Iran’s border regions; as such the book explores Iran’s foreign policy toward neighboring states that share co-ethnic populations. Iran’s ethnic minorities inhabit the state’s poorest provinces and the country’s growing environmental and water supply challenges hit the ethnic minority provinces harder than the Persian center, adding an ominous ethnic character to what are often presented as purely environmental or economic challenges. The book further examines the potential impact of ethnic based unrest in Khuzestan on Iran’s oil production, Iran’s main oil producing region. Drawing on a rich assortment of primary data and interviews, this book offers unparalled insights into ethnic politics in Iran. It will be of interest to upper-level undergraduates and postgraduates, researchers and professionals interested in the Middle East, international relations, and ethnic studies.
Book Synopsis Rethinking Gender, Ethnicity and Religion in Iran by : Azadeh Kian
Download or read book Rethinking Gender, Ethnicity and Religion in Iran written by Azadeh Kian and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the Pahlavi modern nation-state as well as the Islamic regime, this book examines the crucial shifts that affected Sunnite and subaltern women once Shi'ism became the state religion after the Iranian Revolution. Focusing on women in the Baluchistan and Golestan provinces of Iran, Azadeh Kian analyses and explores issues of cultural racialization, ethno-centrism, Shi'a centrism, and patriarchal and chauvinistic ideologies in Iranian society propagated by the state and sustained by its policies. Based on quantitative and qualitative surveys taken throughout Iran, comprised of over 7,000 married women and 100 interviews with a sample of Sunnite and subaltern Persian women, Kian reveals how social hierarchy and power relations based on gender, class, ethnicity and religion operate. She argues that women have been at the heart of the process of national and ethnic re-construction as women, as potential mothers, are expected to reproduce national and ethnic boundaries. Kian argues that by examining the family institution as a site of power, analysing family dynamics as well as women's everyday lives, the politics of ordinary Iranians and the relationship between state and society can be better understood. Kian argues that the time is ripe to achieve a non-hegemonic definition of Iranian national identity, through acknowledgement of gender, class, ethnic, and religious diversity and plurality of experiences of oppression and injustice.
Download or read book Minorities in Iran written by R. Elling and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-02-18 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the premise that nationalism is a dominant factor in Iranian identity politics despite the significant changes brought about by the Islamic Revolution, this cross-disciplinary work investigates the languages of nationalism in contemporary Iran through the prism of the minority issue.
Book Synopsis National Symbols in Modern Iran by : Menahem Merhavy
Download or read book National Symbols in Modern Iran written by Menahem Merhavy and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now more than ever the role of icons and monuments in shaping a national identity is a subject of vital importance to scholars of both nationalism and memory studies. While the nation-state undoubtedly has a powerful influence on a society’s cultural memory, it cannot necessarily control the ways in which icons are perceived. Once created, national symbols and perceptions of them take on a life of their own. Taking an innovative approach to the study of Iranian nationalism, Merhavy examines the way symbols from Iran’s past have played an important role in the struggles between political, religious, and ideological movements over legitimacy in the last five decades. Using a rich variety of primary sources, he traces the process by which these symbols have been appropriated, rejected, and reinterpreted by the Pahlavi state, the Islamic opposition, and finally, the Islamic Republic. In doing so, this volume contributes to our understanding of cultural symbols that survive political upheavals, dramatic and significant as they may be. It also contributes to the growing body of literature that challenges the state centered perspective of much research on modern Iran by exposing the ever growing importance of civil society in the Iranian public sphere from the second half of the twentieth century onward.
Download or read book Iran Facing Others written by A. Amanat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-13 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran's long history and complex cultural legacy have generated animated debates about a homogenous Iranian identity in the face of ethnic, linguistic and communal diversity. The volume examines the fluid boundaries of pre-modern identity in history and literature as well as the shaping of Iranian national identity in the 20th century.
Book Synopsis Iranian Immigrants in the United States by : Abdolmaboud Ansari
Download or read book Iranian Immigrants in the United States written by Abdolmaboud Ansari and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nationalizing Iran by : Afshin Marashi
Download or read book Nationalizing Iran written by Afshin Marashi and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Naser al-Din Shah, who ruled Iran from 1848 to 1896, claimed the title Shadow of God on Earth, his authority rested on premodern conceptions of sacred kingship. By 1941, when Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi came to power, his claim to authority as the Shah of Iran was infused with the language of modern nationalism. In short, between roughly 1870 and 1940, Iran's traditional monarchy was forged into a modern nation-state. In Nationalizing Iran, Afshin Marashi explores the changes that made possible this transformation of Iran into a social abstraction in which notions of state, society, and culture converged. He follows Naser al-Din Shah on a tour of Europe in 1873 that led to his importing a new public image of monarchy-an image based on the European late imperial model-relying heavily on the use of public ceremonies, rituals, and festivals to promote loyalty to the monarch. Meanwhile, Iranian intellectuals were reimagining ethnic history to reconcile “authentic” Iranian culture with the demands of modernity. From the reform of public education to the symbolism surrounding grand public ceremonies in honor of long-dead poets, Marashi shows how the state invented and promoted key features of the common culture binding state and society. The ideological thrust of that century would become the source of dramatic contestation in the late twentieth century. Marashi's study of the formative era of Iranian nationalism will be valuable to scholars and students of history, sociology, political science, and anthropology, as well as journalists, policy makers, and other close observers of contemporary Iran.
