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Estimating Real Production And Expenditures Across Nations
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Book Synopsis Estimating Real Production and Expenditures Across Nations by :
Download or read book Estimating Real Production and Expenditures Across Nations written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "From its inception, the Penn World Tables (PWT), building on the International Comparisons Program (ICP) of the United Nations, has sought to compare the standard of living of individuals in different countries. That is, the term "real GDP per capita" as reported in the PWT is intended to represent the ability to purchase goods and services by a representative agent in the economy. The same is true of benchmark comparisons as published by the United Nations, Eurostat, or OECD. But this expenditure-side interpretation of real GDP is quite different from the uses to which benchmark ICP and PWT data are frequently applied, such as in growth regressions, where "real GDP" is intended to reflect the production side of the economy. In this paper the authors propose a new approach to international comparisons of real GDP measured from the output side. They modify the traditional Gary-Khamis system, which measures real GDP from the expenditure side using real domestic expenditure, to include differences in the terms of trade between countries. The analysis shows that this system has a strictly positive solution under mild assumptions. On the basis of a set of domestic final output, import, and export prices and values for 151 countries in 1996, differences between real GDP measured from the expenditure and output side can be substantial, especially for small open economies."
Book Synopsis Estimating Real Production and Expenditures Across Nations by : Robert C. Feenstra
Download or read book Estimating Real Production and Expenditures Across Nations written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From its inception, the Penn World Tables (PWT), building on the International Comparisons Program (ICP)of the United Nations, has sought to compare the standard of living of individuals in different countries. That is, the termreal GDP per capitaas reported in the PWT is intended to represent the ability to purchase goods and services by a representative agent in the economy. The same is true of benchmark comparisons as published by the United Nations, Eurostat, or OECD. But this expenditure-side interpretation of real GDP is quite different from the uses to which benchmark ICP and PWT data are frequently applied, such as in growth regressions, wherereal GDPis intended to reflect the production side of the economy. In this paper the authors propose a new approach to international comparisons of real GDP measured from the output side. They modify the traditional Gary-Khamis system, which measures real GDP from the expenditure side using real domestic expenditure, to include differences in the terms of trade between countries. The analysis shows that this system has a strictly positive solution under mild assumptions. On the basis of a set of domestic final output, import, and export prices and values for 151 countries in 1996, differences between real GDP measured from the expenditure and output side can be substantial, especially for small open economies.
Book Synopsis Estimating Real Production and Expenditures Across Nations by : Robert C. Feenstra
Download or read book Estimating Real Production and Expenditures Across Nations written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From its inception, the Penn World Tables (PWT), building on the International Comparisons Program (ICP) of the United Nations, has sought to compare the standard of living of individuals in different countries. That is, the term "real GDP per capita" as reported in the PWT is intended to represent the ability to purchase goods and services by a representative agent in the economy. The same is true of benchmark comparisons as published by the United Nations, Eurostat, or OECD. But this expenditure-side interpretation of real GDP is quite different from the uses to which benchmark ICP and PWT data are frequently applied, such as in growth regressions, where "real GDP" is intended to reflect the production side of the economy. In this paper the authors propose a new approach to international comparisons of real GDP measured from the output side. They modify the traditional Gary-Khamis system, which measures real GDP from the expenditure side using real domestic expenditure, to include differences in the terms of trade between countries. The analysis shows that this system has a strictly positive solution under mild assumptions. On the basis of a set of domestic final output, import, and export prices and values for 151 countries in 1996, differences between real GDP measured from the expenditure and output side can be substantial, especially for small open economies.
Book Synopsis Measuring the Real Size of the World's Economy by : World Bank
Download or read book Measuring the Real Size of the World's Economy written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions"--T.p. verso.
Book Synopsis Learning from SARS by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Learning from SARS written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-04-26 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in late 2002 and 2003 challenged the global public health community to confront a novel epidemic that spread rapidly from its origins in southern China until it had reached more than 25 other countries within a matter of months. In addition to the number of patients infected with the SARS virus, the disease had profound economic and political repercussions in many of the affected regions. Recent reports of isolated new SARS cases and a fear that the disease could reemerge and spread have put public health officials on high alert for any indications of possible new outbreaks. This report examines the response to SARS by public health systems in individual countries, the biology of the SARS coronavirus and related coronaviruses in animals, the economic and political fallout of the SARS epidemic, quarantine law and other public health measures that apply to combating infectious diseases, and the role of international organizations and scientific cooperation in halting the spread of SARS. The report provides an illuminating survey of findings from the epidemic, along with an assessment of what might be needed in order to contain any future outbreaks of SARS or other emerging infections.
Book Synopsis Consumer Price Index Manual, 2020 by : Brian Graf
Download or read book Consumer Price Index Manual, 2020 written by Brian Graf and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Consumer Price Index Manual: Concepts and Methods contains comprehensive information and explanations on compiling a consumer price index (CPI). The Manual provides an overview of the methods and practices national statistical offices (NSOs) should consider when making decisions on how to deal with the various problems in the compilation of a CPI. The chapters cover many topics. They elaborate on the different practices currently in use, propose alternatives whenever possible, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative. The primary purpose of the Manual is to assist countries in producing CPIs that reflect internationally recommended methods and practices.
Book Synopsis Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities (2012 Edition) by : OECD
Download or read book Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities (2012 Edition) written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-30 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual gives a complete, detailed and up-to-date description of the Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme, including its organisation, the various surveys carried out by participating countries and the ways PPPs are calculated and disseminated. It also provides guidance on the use of PPPs.
Author :International Labour Office Publisher :International Labour Organization ISBN 13 :9789221136996 Total Pages :578 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (369 download)
Book Synopsis Consumer Price Index Manual by : International Labour Office
Download or read book Consumer Price Index Manual written by International Labour Office and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2004-08-25 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The consumer price index (CPI) measures the rate at which prices of consumer goods and services change over time. It is used as a key indicator of economic performance, as well as in the setting of monetary and socio-economic policy such as indexation of wages and social security benefits, purchasing power parities and inflation measures. This manual contains methodological guidelines for statistical offices and other agencies responsible for constructing and calculating CPIs, and also examines underlying economic and statistical concepts involved. Topics covered include: expenditure weights, sampling, price collection, quality adjustment, sampling, price indices calculations, errors and bias, organisation and management, dissemination, index number theory, durables and user costs.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :9789211613520 Total Pages :778 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis System of National Accounts, 1993 by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book System of National Accounts, 1993 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1993-03-15 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1993 SNA represents a major advance in national accounting. While updating and clarifying the 1968 SNA, the 1993 SNA provides the basis for improving compilation of national accounts statistics, promoting integration of economic and related statistics, and enhancing analysis of economic developments. The 1993 SNA deals more clearly with relationships between economic flows (such as production, income, savings, accumulation, and financing) and links between these flows and stocks. At the same time the 1993 SNA reflects the many significant developments that have taken place in financial markets and completes the integration of balance sheets into the system. The 1993 SNA also suggests how satellite accounts (e.g. environmental accounts) and alternative classifications (e.g., through social accounting matrices) an be used to augment the central framework of the system.
Book Synopsis Advanced International Trade by : Robert C. Feenstra
Download or read book Advanced International Trade written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade is a cornerstone concept in economics worldwide. This updated second edition of the essential graduate textbook in international trade brings readers to the forefront of knowledge in the field and prepares students to undertake their own research. In Advanced International Trade, Robert Feenstra integrates the most current theoretical approaches with empirical evidence, and these materials are supplemented in each chapter by theoretical and empirical exercises. Feenstra explores a wealth of material, such as the Ricardian and Heckscher-Ohlin models, extensions to many goods and factors, and the role of tariffs, quotas, and other trade policies. He examines imperfect competition, offshoring, political economy, multinationals, endogenous growth, the gravity equation, and the organization of the firm in international trade. Feenstra also includes a new chapter on monopolistic competition with heterogeneous firms, with many applications of that model. In addition to known results, the book looks at some particularly important unpublished results by various authors. Two appendices draw on index numbers and discrete choice models to describe methods applicable to research problems in international trade. Completely revised with the latest developments and brand-new materials, Advanced International Trade is a classic textbook that will be used widely by students and practitioners of economics for a long time to come. Updated second edition of the essential graduate textbook Current approaches and a new chapter on monopolistic competition with heterogeneous firms Supplementary materials in each chapter Theoretical and empirical exercises Two appendices describe methods for international trade research
Book Synopsis Export and Import Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice by : OECD
Download or read book Export and Import Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-04-06 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A joint production by six international organizations, this manual explores the conceptual and theoretical issues that national statistical offices should consider in the daily compilation of export and import price indices. Intended for use by both ...
Book Synopsis Analyzing the U.S. Content of Imports and the Foreign Content of Exports by : National Research Council
Download or read book Analyzing the U.S. Content of Imports and the Foreign Content of Exports written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-04-27 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass media has frequently covered stories concerning "outsourcing" or the moving of U.S. jobs to foreign locations by U.S. multinational companies. More often than not this "outsourcing" is of benefit to the companies' owners and managers. The discussion has spilled over into the political debate with candidates for national office making statements and suggesting policies for dealing with the issue. Due to the fact that many companies have fragmented the production process, however, it is difficult to examine the effect of "outsourcing"- the transfer of a business function from inside a firm to an outside source, with no reference to borders of countries- and "offshoring"-the movement of jobs that had been in the United States to a foreign location, without regard to business ownership- on the U.S. as many imports contain U.S. parts and many exports contain foreign parts. In the current situation, Congress mandated a study by the National Research Council, which was undertaken by the Committee on Analyzing the U.S. Content of Imports and the Foreign Content of Exports under a contract with the U.S. Department of Commerce. Analyzing the U.S. Content of Imports and the Foreign Content of Exports presents the findings of the committee.The committee refers to the availability and quality of data on the foreign content of U.S. exports and the domestic content of U.S. imports as "the content question." This was not been an easy task as data on actual content simply do not exist.
Book Synopsis An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations by : Adam Smith
Download or read book An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations written by Adam Smith and published by . This book was released on 1822 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publisher : ISBN 13 :9789264148086 Total Pages :114 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (48 download)
Book Synopsis The Agricultural Outlook by : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Download or read book The Agricultural Outlook written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agricultural Outlook provides a five-year assessment of trends and prospects in the major agricultural commodity markets
Download or read book American Economic Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 1202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Uncovering Value Added in Trade by : Yuqing Xing
Download or read book Uncovering Value Added in Trade written by Yuqing Xing and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Value chain trade has challenged economic implications of conventional trade statistics and transformed bilateral trade relationships into multilaterals. Conventional trade statistics exaggerate trade volumes and bilateral trade imbalances. It is imperative to measure trade in value-added and examine trade relations in the context of global value chains. This book is a collection of research papers on new approaches to measure trade in value added and the role of global value chains in modern international trade. It introduces the input output method for measuring trade and a direct approach for measuring the domestic value added of the People's Republic of China — the center of global assembly. In addition, it shows how to analyze trade relations in the context of global value chains. Contents:Introduction (Yuqing Xing)Implications of Global Value Chains for Trade Statistics and Trade Policy (Christophe Degain and Andreas Maurer)OECD Inter-Country Input–Output Model and Policy Implications (Norihiko Yamano)Estimating the Upper Limits of Value Added in the People's Republic of China's Processing Exports (Yuqing Xing)An Alternative Measurement for International Fragmentation of the Production Process: An International Input–Output Approach (Satoshi Inomata)Share of Imports and Commodities in Consumption and Investment in the United States (Galina Hale and Bart Hobijn)Domestic Value Chains in the People's Republic of China and Their Linkages with the Global Economy (Bo Meng)The "Fox–Apple" Partnership in the Global Value Chain: How Did Foreign Direct Investment and Contract Manufacturing Reshape the Landscape of the Electronics Industry? (Guoyong Liang) Readership: Advance postgraduate students and researchers in the field of international economics, particularly those studying global value chains. Key Features:This is the first book to systematically introduce the input-output method for measuring trade in value-added and a direct approach to measure the domestic value-added of China's exportsChapters are based on innovative approaches to analyze trade relations under global value chainsContributors are leading scholars in global value chains research and study. The authors are from WTO, OECD, ADBI, UNCTAD, the US Fed, JETRO-IDE and Peking University — a great combination and representation of international organizations and academic institutionsKeywords:Trade;Global Value Chains;Production Networks;Input-output Method;Trade Statistics;Trade Measurement;Trade in Value-Added;Domestic Value-Added;Production Fragmentation;Global Assembly;Trade Relations;Foreign Direct Investment;Manufacturing
Book Synopsis The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities Frascati Manual 2015 Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development by : OECD
Download or read book The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities Frascati Manual 2015 Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-08 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The internationally recognised methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the OECD's Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians and science and innovation policy makers worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications ...
