Estimates of Cost of Crime

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540698051
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Estimates of Cost of Crime by : Jacek Czabanski

Download or read book Estimates of Cost of Crime written by Jacek Czabanski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-20 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mental suffering and agony, the ruined lives, the broken homes and hearts, the desolation and yearning and despair – who can measure the cost of crime? Eugene Smith, 1901 The anxiety people feel towards another people – the fear of crime – lies at the foundations of human society. The enormous burden that crime imposes on societies calls for ef?cient social arrangements and institutions. While intuitively obvious, the exact scope of this burden for a long time eluded measurement. With the emergence and development of quantitative methods in economics and statistics, the exercise of calculating costs of crime became possible, and indeed has been undertaken. The emerging ?eld of assessing costs of crime is still a controversial one, both in its methodology and applications. Many people would feel it absurd to calculate costs of crimes, particularly violent ones. What is a cost of murder, rape, or assault? Can any number meaningfully represent the villainous nature of such acts? These questions are undoubtedly good ones. In this book, I will argue that we can estimate costs of different crimes, and that such estimates are relevant for criminal law and crime policy. Notwithstanding the incommensurability of many consequences of crime, society every day makes numerous decisions how to tackle crime, and at least implicitly assesses the relative importance of the problem. Properly done costs of crime estimates make people’s evaluation more visible, and allow for more coherent public policy.

The Cost of Crime

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Publisher : Now Pub
ISBN 13 : 9781601985903
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (859 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cost of Crime by : David A. Anderson

Download or read book The Cost of Crime written by David A. Anderson and published by Now Pub. This book was released on 2012-09 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cost of Crime provides estimates of the annual cost of crime in the United States. A better understanding of the repercussions of crime could guide the prioritization of law enforcement, education, and social programs that deter criminal activity. Traditional measures of criminal activity count crimes or estimate direct costs that typically include the costs of policing, corrections, criminal justice, and replacing stolen merchandise. This study estimates the burden of a broad set of crime's repercussions, both direct and indirect, to tell a more complete story. This study places less emphasis on imprecise counts of crimes than most previous measures of crime's burden. The comprehensive approach adopted here captures several types of cost shifting that can result from crime prevention efforts. The inclusion of private crime prevention expenditures in this study captures the potential for public expenditures to reduce total societal outlays for crime, with or without a decrease in the crime rate. The comprehensive scope of this study also accounts for regional shifts in crime. This study examines costs for the entire nation, which accounts for the possibility of losses in one region of the United States substituting for losses in another. For the purposes of this research, the cost of crime is defined to include all costs that would not exist in the absence of illegal behavior under current law. The benchmark in this study is perfect compliance with the law. The Cost of Crime speaks to the benefits of cooperation and ethical behavior. In the ideal state of voluntary legal compliance, there would be no need for expenditures on crime prevention, no costly repercussions of criminal acts, and no losses due to fear and distrust. We will not reach that ideal state, but with knowledge of the full cost of crime, we also know the benefit of eliminating a more realistic fraction of that cost. Valid questions remain regarding the inclusion of particular cost components in the calculation of crime's burden. The approach here is to sidestep unsolvable debates by providing itemized lists of crime-cost elements. This enables the reader to adopt customized formulations for the cost of crime.

The Costs of Crime and Justice

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135994501
Total Pages : 157 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis The Costs of Crime and Justice by : Mark A. Cohen

Download or read book The Costs of Crime and Justice written by Mark A. Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Costs of Crime and Justice, Mark Cohen presents a comprehensive view of the financial setbacks of criminal behaviour. Victims of crime might incur medical costs, lost wages and property damage; while for some crimes pain, suffering and reduced quality of life suffered by victims far exceeds any physical damage. The government also incurs costs as the provider of mental health services, police, courts and prisons. Cohen argues that understanding the costs of crime can lead to important insights and policy conclusions - both in terms of criminal justice policy but also in terms of other social ills that compete with crime for government funding. This book systematically discusses the numerous methodological approaches and tallies up what is known about the costs of crime A must-read for anyone involved in public policy, The Costs of Crime and Justice consolidates the diverse research in this area but also makes one of the most valuable contributions to date to the study of the economics of criminal behavior.

The Economic and Social Costs of Crime

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Publisher : Economics and Resource Analysis Research Development and Sta
ISBN 13 : 9781840825725
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (257 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic and Social Costs of Crime by : Sam Brand

Download or read book The Economic and Social Costs of Crime written by Sam Brand and published by Economics and Resource Analysis Research Development and Sta. This book was released on 2000 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice, 2 Volume Set

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119110726
Total Pages : 967 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice, 2 Volume Set by : J. C. Barnes

Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice, 2 Volume Set written by J. C. Barnes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 967 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of RESEARCH METHODS IN CRIMINOLOGY & CRIMINAL JUSTICE The most comprehensive reference work on research designs and methods in criminology and criminal justice This Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice offers a comprehensive survey of research methodologies and statistical techniques that are popular in criminology and criminal justice systems across the globe. With contributions from leading scholars and practitioners in the field, it offers a clear insight into the techniques that are currently in use to answer the pressing questions in criminology and criminal justice. The Encyclopedia contains essential information from a diverse pool of authors about research designs grounded in both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It includes information on popular datasets and leading resources of government statistics. In addition, the contributors cover a wide range of topics such as: the most current research on the link between guns and crime, rational choice theory, and the use of technology like geospatial mapping as a crime reduction tool. This invaluable reference work: Offers a comprehensive survey of international research designs, methods, and statistical techniques Includes contributions from leading figures in the field Contains data on criminology and criminal justice from Cambridge to Chicago Presents information on capital punishment, domestic violence, crime science, and much more Helps us to better understand, explain, and prevent crime Written for undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers, The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice is the first reference work of its kind to offer a comprehensive review of this important topic.

The Costs of Crime and Justice

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780429431562
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis The Costs of Crime and Justice by : Mark A. Cohen

Download or read book The Costs of Crime and Justice written by Mark A. Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents a comprehensive view of the financial and non-financial consequences of criminal behavior, crime prevention, and society's response to crime. Crime costs are far-reaching including medical costs, lost wages, property damage and pain, suffering, and reduced quality of life to victims and the public at large; police, courts, and prisons; and offenders and their families who may suffer consequences incidental to any punishment they receive for committing crime. The book provides a comprehensive economic framework and overview of the empirical methodologies used to estimate costs of crime. It provides an assessment of what is known and where the gaps in knowledge are in understanding the costs and consequences of crime. Individual chapters focus on victims, governments, as well as the public at large. Separate chapters detail the various methodologies used to estimate crime costs, while two chapters are devoted to policy analysis - both cost-effectiveness and benefit-cost analysis. The second edition is completely updated and expanded since the first edition in 2005. All cost estimates have also been updated. In addition, due to a significant increase in the number of studies on the cost of crime, new chapters focus on the costs to offenders and their families; white-collar and corporate crime; and cost of crime estimates around the world. Understanding the costs of crime can lead to important insights and policy conclusions-both for criminal justice policy and other social ills that compete with crime for government funding. Thus, the target audience for this book includes criminologists and policy makers who are seeking to apply rigorous social science methods to assist in developing appropriate criminal justice policies. Note that the book is nontechnical and does not assume the reader is conversant in economics or statistics"--

The Cost of Crime

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cost of Crime by : Eugene Smith

Download or read book The Cost of Crime written by Eugene Smith and published by . This book was released on 1901 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Costs of Crime, Experts Report Challenges Estimating Costs and Suggest Improvements to Better Inform Policy Decisions

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Costs of Crime, Experts Report Challenges Estimating Costs and Suggest Improvements to Better Inform Policy Decisions by : United States. Government Accountability Office

Download or read book Costs of Crime, Experts Report Challenges Estimating Costs and Suggest Improvements to Better Inform Policy Decisions written by United States. Government Accountability Office and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime and society’s response to it pose significant costs to the United States. The Department of Justice’s Bureau of Justice Statistics reported that federal, state, and local governments collectively spent over $280 billion in fiscal year 2012 (adjusted to 2016 dollars) on criminal justice programs such as police protection, the court system, and incarceration. There are also many other financial and nonfinancial effects of crime that researchers consider when estimating the total costs of crime in the United States. These can include tangible costs such as replacing damaged property or medical care to treat victims’ injuries, and intangible costs such as changes in people’s behavior to avoid crime, among many other costs. Researchers have estimated varying annual costs of crime, including totals of $690 billion, $1.57 trillion, and $3.41 trillion, adjusted to 2016 dollars. GAO was asked to examine issues related to estimating the costs of crime committed in the United States. This report examines: 1) how experts estimate the cost of crime in the United States, and the challenges they face, and 2) the actions experts have considered in order to improve the understanding and use of cost of crime research. To answer these questions, GAO worked with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to identify and survey experts in fields associated with estimating the cost of crime, including criminology, economics, public health, public policy, and statistics, among others. GAO also reviewed 27 studies that estimated the cost of crime in the United States, published from 1996 to 2017.

Social and Economic Costs of Violence

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309220270
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Social and Economic Costs of Violence by : National Research Council

Download or read book Social and Economic Costs of Violence written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-09 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measuring the social and economic costs of violence can be difficult, and most estimates only consider direct economic effects, such as productivity loss or the use of health care services. Communities and societies feel the effects of violence through loss of social cohesion, financial divestment, and the increased burden on the healthcare and justice systems. Initial estimates show that early violence prevention intervention has economic benefits. The IOM Forum on Global Violence Prevention held a workshop to examine the successes and challenges of calculating direct and indirect costs of violence, as well as the potential cost-effectiveness of intervention.

An Economic Analysis of Crime and Justice

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483272214
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis An Economic Analysis of Crime and Justice by : Peter Schmidt

Download or read book An Economic Analysis of Crime and Justice written by Peter Schmidt and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Economic Analysis of Crime and Justice: Theory, Methods, and Applications presents the applications of economic theory and econometric methods to various problems in criminology. The book is divided into three parts. Part I discusses models of criminal recidivism. The second part tackles the economic model of crime. Part III estimates cost functions for prisons. Specific chapters in the book cover topics on statistical analysis of qualitative outcomes; analysis of two measures of criminal activity: the arrest rate and the conviction rate; and long-run estimate of cost function for a group of Federal Correctional Institutions. Economists, correctional administrators, and criminal justice professionals will find the book a great source of information and insight.

Costs and Benefits of Preventing Crime

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429980892
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Costs and Benefits of Preventing Crime by : Brandon Welsh

Download or read book Costs and Benefits of Preventing Crime written by Brandon Welsh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the cost savings from preventing a typical burglary, robbery, assault, or even a criminal career? Who benefits from these savings? How often do the benefits from preventing crime or criminal behavior exceed the resources spent on preventing or controlling crime? Is it more cost-effective to invest in early childhood programs or juvenile boot camps to reduce criminal offending? These are some of the important questions that face policymakers in crime and justice today. Answering them is no easy task. Nevertheless, it is important to provide answers in order to ensure that the dollars devoted to crime reduction are spent as efficiently as possible. The principle aim of Costs and Benefits of Preventing Crime is to report on and assess the present state of knowledge on the monetary costs and benefits of crime prevention programs. Remarkably, this crucial topic has rarely been studied up to the present time. This book examines key methodological issues, reports on the most up-to-date research findings, discusses international policy perspectives, and presents an agenda for future research and policy development on the economic analysis of crime prevention. Throughout, it addresses the important question of how governments should be allocating scarce resources to make crime prevention policy and practice more effective and to produce the greatest economic benefits to society. The book brings together research and perspectives from across North America, Europe, and Australia.

Reforming Juvenile Justice

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309278937
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforming Juvenile Justice by : National Research Council

Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.

Gun Violence

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190285966
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Gun Violence by : Philip J. Cook

Download or read book Gun Violence written by Philip J. Cook and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-10-26 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 100 billion dollars. That is the annual cost of gun violence in America according to the authors of this landmark study, a book destined to change the way Americans view the problem of gun-related violence. Until now researchers have assessed the burden imposed by gunshot injuries and deaths in terms of medical costs and lost productivity. Here, economists Philip Cook and Jens Ludwig widen the lens, developing a framework to calculate the full costs borne by Americans in a society where both gun violence and its ever-present threat mandate responses that touch every aspect of our lives. All of us, no matter where we reside or how we live, share the costs of gun violence. Whether waiting in line to pass through airport security or paying taxes for the protection of public officials; whether buying a transparent book bag for our children to meet their school's post-Columbine regulations or subsidizing an urban trauma center, the steps we take are many and the expenditures enormous. Cook and Ludwig reveal that investments in prevention, avoidance, and harm reduction, both public and private, constitute a far greater share of the gun-violence burden than previously recognized. They also employ extensive survey data to measure the subjective costs of living in a society where there is risk of being shot or losing a loved one or neighbor to gunfire. At the same time, they demonstrate that the problem of gun violence is not intractable. Their review of the available evidence suggests that there are both additional gun regulations and targeted law enforcement measures that will help. This urgently needed book documents for the first time how gun violence diminishes the quality of life for everyone in America. In doing so, it will move the debate over gun violence past symbolic politics to a direct engagement with the costs and benefits of policies that hold promise for reducing gun violence and may even pay for themselves.

The Economics of Crime

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226153762
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economics of Crime by : Rafael Di Tella

Download or read book The Economics of Crime written by Rafael Di Tella and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-08-02 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime rates in Latin America are among the highest in the world, creating climates of fear and lawlessness in several countries. Despite this situation, there has been a lack of systematic effort to study crime in the region or the effectiveness of policies designed to tackle it. The Economics of Crime is a powerful corrective to this academic blind spot and makes an important contribution to the current debate on causes and solutions by applying lessons learned from recent developments in the economics of crime. The Economics of Crime addresses a variety of topics, including the impact of kidnappings on investment, mandatory arrest laws, education in prisons, and the relationship between poverty and crime. Utilizining research from within and without Latin America, this book illustrates the broad range of approaches that have been efficacious in studying crime in both developing and developed nations. The Economics of Crime is a vital text for researchers, policymakers, and students of both crime and of Latin American economic policy.

Controlling Crime

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226115135
Total Pages : 720 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Controlling Crime by : Philip J. Cook

Download or read book Controlling Crime written by Philip J. Cook and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-08-22 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criminal justice expenditures have more than doubled since the 1980s, dramatically increasing costs to the public. With state and local revenue shortfalls resulting from the recent recession, the question of whether crime control can be accomplished either with fewer resources or by investing those resources in areas other than the criminal justice system is all the more relevant. Controlling Crime considers alternative ways to reduce crime that do not sacrifice public safety. Among the topics considered here are criminal justice system reform, social policy, and government policies affecting alcohol abuse, drugs, and private crime prevention. Particular attention is paid to the respective roles of both the private sector and government agencies. Through a broad conceptual framework and a careful review of the relevant literature, this volume provides insight into the important trends and patterns of some of the interventions that may be effective in reducing crime.

Crime and Economics

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136697209
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime and Economics by : Kevin Albertson

Download or read book Crime and Economics written by Kevin Albertson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime and Economics provides the first comprehensive and accessible text to address the economics of crime within the study of crime and criminology. The economics of crime is an area of growing activity and concern, increasingly influential both to the study of crime and criminal justice and to the formulation of crime reduction and criminal justice policy. As well as providing an overview of the relationship between economics and crime, this book poses key questions such as: What is the impact of the labour market and poverty on crime? Can society decrease criminal activity from a basis of economic disincentives? What forms of crime reduction and methods of reducing re-offending are most cost beneficial? Can illicit organised crime and illicit drug markets be understood better through the application of economic analysis? For those interested in economic methods, but without previous economic training, this book also provides an accessible overview of key areas such as cost-benefit analysis, econometrics and the debate around how to estimate the costs of crime. This book will be key reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students of criminology and economics and those working in the criminal justice system including practitioners, managers and policy makers.

Global and Regional Estimates of Violence Against Women

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Author :
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241564628
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Global and Regional Estimates of Violence Against Women by : Claudia García-Moreno

Download or read book Global and Regional Estimates of Violence Against Women written by Claudia García-Moreno and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "World Health Organization, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, South African Medical Research Council"--Title page.