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Epidemics And Genocide In Eastern Europe 1890 1945
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Book Synopsis Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890-1945 by : Paul Weindling
Download or read book Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890-1945 written by Paul Weindling and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paul Weindling examines the history of German medicine in the first and second World War periods. He explores the German response to typhus and the manner in which de-lousing and gassing potential carriers became accepted medical practice.
Book Synopsis Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890-1945 by : Paul Weindling
Download or read book Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890-1945 written by Paul Weindling and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2000-02-03 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the First World War, delousing became routine for soldiers and civilians following the recent discovery that the louse carried typhus germs. But how did typhus come to be viewed as a "Jewish disease" and what was the connection between the anti-typhus measures during the First World War and the Nazi gas chambers in the Second World War? In this powerful book, Professor Weindling draws upon wide-ranging archival research throughout East and Central Europe to the United States, to provide valuable new insight into the history of German medicine from its response to the perceived threat of typhus epidemics from its Eastern borders. He examines how German experts in tropical medicine took an increasingly racialised approach to bacteriology, regarding supposedly racially inferior peoples as carriers of the disease.So they came to view typhus as a "Jewish" disease. By the Second World War as migrants and deportees had become conditioned to expect the ordeal of delousing at border crossings, ports, railway junctions and on entry to camps, so sanitary policing became entwined with racialisation as the Germans sought to eradicate typhus by eradicating the perceived carriers. Typhus had come to assume a new and terrifying genocidal significance, as the medical authorities sealed the German frontiers against diseased undesirables from the east, and gassing became a favoured means of disease eradication.
Book Synopsis Legacies of Violence: Eastern Europe’s First World War by : Jochen Böhler
Download or read book Legacies of Violence: Eastern Europe’s First World War written by Jochen Böhler and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2014-02-27 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First World War began in the Balkans, and it was fought as fiercely in the East as it was in the West. Fighting persisted in the East for almost a decade, radically transforming the political and social order of the entire continent. The specifics of the Eastern war such as mass deportations, ethnic cleansing, and the radicalization of military, paramilitary and revolutionary violence have only recently become the focus of historical research. This volume situates the ‘Long First World War’ on the Eastern Front (1912–1923) in the hundred years from the mid-19th to the mid-20th century and explores the legacies of violence within this context. Content Jochen Böhler/Włodzimierz Borodziej/Joachim von Puttkamer: Introduction I. A World in Transition Joachim von Puttkamer: Collapse and Restoration. Politics and the Strains of War in Eastern Europe Mark Biondich: Eastern Borderlands and Prospective Shatter Zones. Identity and Conflict in East Central and Southeastern Europe on the Eve of the First World War Jochen Böhler: Generals and Warlords, Revolutionaries and Nation-State Builders. The First World War and its Aftermath in Central and Eastern Europe II. Occupation Jonathan E. Gumz: Losing Control. The Norm of Occupation in Eastern Europe during the First World War Stephan Lehnstaedt: Fluctuating between ‘Utilisation’ and Exploitation. Occupied East Central Europe during the First World War Robert L. Nelson: Utopias of Open Space. Forced Population Transfer Fantasies during the First World War III. Radicalization Maciej Górny: War on Paper? Physical Anthropology in the Service of States and Nations Piotr J. Wróbel: Foreshadowing the Holocaust. The Wars of 1914–1921 and Anti-Jewish Violence in Central and Eastern Europe Robert Gerwarth: Fighting the Red Beast. Counter-Revolutionary Violence in the Defeated States of Central Europe IV. Aftermath Julia Eichenberg: Consent, Coercion and Endurance in Eastern Europe. Poland and the Fluidity of War Experiences Philipp Ther: Pre-negotiated Violence. Ethnic Cleansing in the ‘Long’ First World War Dietrich Beyrau: The Long Shadow of the Revolution. Violence in War and Peace in the Soviet Union Commentary Jörn Leonhard: Legacies of Violence: Eastern Europe’s First World War – A Commentary from a Comparative Perspective
Download or read book Genocidal Crimes written by Alex Alvarez and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-04 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genocide has emerged as one of the leading problems of the twentieth century. No corner of the world seems immune from this form of collective violence. While many individuals are familiar with the term, few people have a clear understanding of what genocide is and how it is carried out. This book clearly discusses the concept of genocide and dispels the widely held misconceptions about how these crimes occur and the mechanisms necessary for its perpetration. Genocidal Crimes differs from much of the writing on the subject in that it explicitly relies upon the criminological literature to explain the nature and functioning of genocide. Criminology, with its focus on various types of criminality and violence, has much to offer in terms of explaining the origins, dynamics, and facilitators of this particular form of collective violence. Through application of a number of criminological theories to various elements of genocide Alex Alvarez presents a comprehensive analysis of this particular crime. These criminological perspectives are underpinned by a variety of psychological, sociological, and political science based insights in order to present a more complete discussion of the nature and functioning of genocide.
Book Synopsis Health, 'Race' and Empire: Popular-Scientific Spectacles and National Identity in Imperial Germany, 1871-1914 by : Eike Reichardt
Download or read book Health, 'Race' and Empire: Popular-Scientific Spectacles and National Identity in Imperial Germany, 1871-1914 written by Eike Reichardt and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2008 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Establishing the context within which organizers who staged spectacular popular science exhibitions for urban middle-class audiences and the physicians as well as activists who provided commentaries functioned; this dissertation is a study in social history that seeks to determine how presentations of what it meant to be German evolved from the 1870s to the eve of the Great War in 1914. Research topics include: * Hagenbeck's Ethnographic People Shows * The Berlin Hygiene Exhibition of 1883 * The Berlin Trade & Colonial Fair of 1896 * Karl August Lingner, mouthwash magnate, philanthropist and innovator of the textbook-style exhibit * Taking the first major international health exhibition from idea to reality * The International Hygiene Exhibition in Dresden in 1911 *** [Reprint of Dissertation with Minor Corrections and New Pagination]
Book Synopsis Transregional Connections in the History of East-Central Europe by : Katja Castryck-Naumann
Download or read book Transregional Connections in the History of East-Central Europe written by Katja Castryck-Naumann and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transregional connections play a fundamental role in the history of East-Central Europe. This volume explores this connectivity by showing how people from eastern and central parts of Europe have positioned themselves within global processes while, in turn, also shaping them. The contributions examine different fields of action such as economy, arts, international regulations and law, development aid, and migration, focusing on the period between the middle of the nineteenth century and the end of the Cold War. The authors uncover spaces of interaction and emphasize that internal and external entanglements have established East-Central Europe as a distinct region. Understanding the connectedness of this subregion is stimulating for the historiography of East-Central Europe as it is for the field of global history.
Book Synopsis The Routledge History Handbook of Central and Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century by : Jochen Böhler
Download or read book The Routledge History Handbook of Central and Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century written by Jochen Böhler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-02-15 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence analyzes both the violence exerted on the societies of Central and Eastern Europe during the twentieth century by belligerent powers and authoritarian and/or totalitarian regimes and armed conflicts between ethnic, social and national groups, as well as the interaction between these two phenomena. Throughout the twentieth century, Central and Eastern Europe was hit particularly hard by war, violence and repression, with armed conflicts in the Balkans at the start and end of the period and two world wars in between. In the shadow of these full-scale wars, ethnic, social and national conflicts were intensified, found new forms and were violently played out. The interwar period witnessed the emergence of authoritarian states who enforced their claim to power through continued violence against political opponents, stigmatized ethnic, national and social groups, and were themselves fought with subversive or terrorist techniques. This volume focuses specifically on physical violence: war and civil war, ethnic cleansing, systematic starvation policies, deportations and expulsions, forced labour and prison camps, persecution by state security – such as intensive surveillance, which had an enormous impact on the lives of those it affected – and other forms of government oppression and militant resistance. Geographically, it considers the western regions of Belarus and Ukraine as sites of extreme violence that had a noticeable impact on neighbouring Central and Eastern European countries as well. The concluding volume in a four-volume set on Central and Eastern Europe in the twentieth century, it is the go-to resource for those interested in violence in this complex region.
Book Synopsis A Patriot's History® of the Modern World, Vol. I by : Larry Schweikart
Download or read book A Patriot's History® of the Modern World, Vol. I written by Larry Schweikart and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “America’s story from 1898 to 1945 is nothing less than the triumph of American exceptionalism over liberal progressivism, despite a few temporary victories by the latter.” Conservative historian Larry Schweikart has won wide acclaim for his number one New York Times bestseller, A Patriot’s History of the United States. It proved that, contrary to the liberal biases in countless other history books, America had not really been founded on racism, sexism, greed, and oppression. Schweikart and coauthor Michael Allen restored the truly great achievements of America’s patriots, founders, and heroes to their rightful place of honor. Now Schweikart and coauthor Dave Dougherty are back with a new perspective on America’s half-century rise to the center of the world stage. This all-new volume corrects many of the biases that cloud the way people view the Treaty of Versailles, the Roaring Twenties, the Crash of 1929, the deployment of the atomic bomb, and other critical events in global history. Beginning with the Spanish-American War— which introduced the United States as a global military power that could no longer be ignored—and continuing through the end of World War II, this book shows how a free, capitalist nation could thrive when put face-to-face with tyrannical and socialist powers. Schweikart and Dougherty narrate the many times America proved its dominance by upholding the principles on which it was founded—and struggled on the rare occasions when it strayed from those principles. The authors make a convincing case that America has constantly been a force for good in the world, improving standards of living, introducing innovations, guaranteeing liberty, and offering opportunities to those who had none elsewhere. They also illustrate how the country ascended to superpower status at the same time it was figuring out its own identity. While American ideals were defeating tyrants abroad, a constant struggle against progressivism was being waged at home, leading to the stumbles of the Great Depression, the New Deal, and the attack on Pearl Harbor. Despite this rocky entrance on the world stage, it was during this half century that the world came to embrace all things American, from its innovations and businesses to its political system and popular culture. The United States began to define what the rest of the world could emulate as the new global ideal. A Patriot’s History of the Modern World provides a new perspective on our extraordinary past—and offers lessons we can apply to preserve American exceptionalism today and tomorrow.
Book Synopsis Violence Against Prisoners of War in the First World War by : Heather Jones
Download or read book Violence Against Prisoners of War in the First World War written by Heather Jones and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-02 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First in-depth, comparative study of the treatment of prisoners of war during the First World War.
Book Synopsis Empire of Nations by : Francine Hirsch
Download or read book Empire of Nations written by Francine Hirsch and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-11-15 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Bolsheviks seized power in 1917, they set themselves the task of building socialism in the vast landscape of the former Russian Empire, a territory populated by hundreds of different peoples belonging to a multitude of linguistic, religious, and ethnic groups. Before 1917, the Bolsheviks had called for the national self-determination of all peoples and had condemned all forms of colonization as exploitative. After attaining power, however, they began to express concern that it would not be possible for Soviet Russia to survive without the cotton of Turkestan and the oil of the Caucasus. In an effort to reconcile their anti-imperialist position with their desire to hold on to as much territory as possible, the Bolsheviks integrated the national idea into the administrative-territorial structure of the new Soviet state. In Empire of Nations, Francine Hirsch examines the ways in which former imperial ethnographers and local elites provided the Bolsheviks with ethnographic knowledge that shaped the very formation of the new Soviet Union. The ethnographers—who drew inspiration from the Western European colonial context—produced all-union censuses, assisted government commissions charged with delimiting the USSR's internal borders, led expeditions to study "the human being as a productive force," and created ethnographic exhibits about the "Peoples of the USSR." In the 1930s, they would lead the Soviet campaign against Nazi race theories. Hirsch illuminates the pervasive tension between the colonial-economic and ethnographic definitions of Soviet territory; this tension informed Soviet social, economic, and administrative structures. A major contribution to the history of Russia and the Soviet Union, Empire of Nations also offers new insights into the connection between ethnography and empire.
Book Synopsis Refugees in Europe, 1919-1959 by : Matthew Frank
Download or read book Refugees in Europe, 1919-1959 written by Matthew Frank and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-21 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refugees in Europe, 1919-1959 offers a new history of Europe's mid-20th century as seen through its recurrent refugee crises. By bringing together in one volume recent research on a range of different contexts of groups of refugees and refugee policy, it sheds light on the common assumptions that underpinned the history of refugees throughout the period under review. The essays foreground the period between the end of the First World War, which inaugurated a series of new international structures to deal with displaced populations, and the late 1950s, when Europe's home-grown refugee problems had supposedly been 'solved' and attention shifted from the identification of an exclusively European refugee problem to a global one. Borrowing from E. H. Carr's The Twenty Years' Crisis, first published in 1939, the editors of this volume test the idea that the two post-war eras could be represented as a single crisis of a European-dominated international order of nation states in the face of successive refugee crises which were both the direct consequence of that system and a challenge to it. Each of the chapters reflects on the utility and limitations of this notion of a 'forty years' crisis' for understanding the development of specific national and international responses to refugees in the mid-20th century. Contributors to the volume also provide alternative readings of the history of an international refugee regime, in which the non-European and colonial world are assigned a central role in the narrative.
Book Synopsis Death in Hamburg by : Richard J. Evans
Download or read book Death in Hamburg written by Richard J. Evans and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2005-10-25 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A tremendous book, the biography of a city which charts the multifarious pathways from bacilli to burgomaster." - Roy Porter, London Review of Books Why were nearly 10,000 people killed in six weeks in Hamburg, while most of Europe was left almost unscathed? As Richard J. Evans explains, it was largely because the town was a “free city” within Germany that was governed by the “English” ideals of laissez-faire. The absence of an effective public-health policy combined with ill-founded medical theories and the miserable living conditions of the poor to create a scene ripe for tragedy. The story of the “cholera years” is, in Richard Evans’s hands, tragically revealing of the age’s social inequalities and governmental pitilessness and incompetence; it also offers disquieting parallels with the world’s public-health landscape today, including the current coronavirus crisis.
Book Synopsis The Great War in East-Central Europe by : Włodzimierz Borodziej
Download or read book The Great War in East-Central Europe written by Włodzimierz Borodziej and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Włodzimierz Borodziej and Maciej Górny set out to salvage the historical memory of the experience of war in the lands between Riga and Skopje, beginning with the two Balkan conflicts of 1912-1913 and ending with the death of Emperor Franz Joseph in 1916. The First World War in the East and South-East of Europe was fought by people from a multitude of different nationalities, most of them dressed in the uniforms of three imperial armies: Russian, German, and Austro-Hungarian. In this first volume of Forgotten Wars, the authors chart the origins and outbreak of the First World War, the early battles, and the war's impact on ordinary soldiers and civilians through to the end of the Romanian campaign in December 1916, by which point the Central Powers controlled all of the Balkans except for the Peloponnese. Combining military and social history, the authors make extensive use of eyewitness accounts to describe the traumatic experience that established a region stretching between the Baltic, Adriatic, and Black Seas.
Book Synopsis A New Europe, 1918-1923 by : Bartosz Dziewanowski-Stefańczyk
Download or read book A New Europe, 1918-1923 written by Bartosz Dziewanowski-Stefańczyk and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-03-03 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This set of essays introduces readers to new historical research on the creation of the new order in East-Central Europe in the period immediately following 1918. The book offers insights into the political, diplomatic, military, economic and cultural conditions out of which the New Europe was born. Experts from various countries take into account three perspectives. They give equal attention to both the Western and Eastern fronts; they recognise that on 11 November 1918, the War ended only on the Western front and violence continued in multiple forms over the next five years; and they show how state-building after 1918 in Central and Eastern Europe was marked by a mixture of innovation and instability. Thus, the volume focuses on three kinds of narratives: those related to conflicts and violence, those related to the recasting of civil life in new structures and institutions, and those related to remembrance and representations of these years in the public sphere. Taking a step towards writing a fully European history of the Great War and its aftermath, the volume offers an original approach to this decisive period in 20th-century European history.
Download or read book Annihilation written by Mark Levene and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-12 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the genocidal events of the period from 1912 to 1938 this title focuses particularly on the Balkans, the Great War and the emergence of the Stalin and Hitler States, and seeks to integrate them into a single, coherent history.
Book Synopsis The Gas Mask in Interwar Germany by : Peter Thompson
Download or read book The Gas Mask in Interwar Germany written by Peter Thompson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-30 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of the gas mask in Germany from first use in combat in 1915 to the eve of the Second World War. Peter Thompson traces how the development and proliferation of chemical protective technologies like the gas mask produced new subjective relationships to danger, risk, management and mastery in the modern age of mass destruction.
Download or read book 2000 written by Susan Sarah Cohen and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-05-24 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work includes international secondary literature on anti-Semitism published throughout the world, from the earliest times to the present. It lists books, dissertations, and articles from periodicals and collections from a diverse range of disciplines. Written accounts are included among the recorded titles, as are manifestations of anti-Semitism in the visual arts (e.g. painting, caricatures or film), action taken against Jews and Judaism by discriminating judiciaries, pogroms, massacres and the systematic extermination during the Nazi period. The bibliography also covers works dealing with philo-Semitism or Jewish reactions to anti-Semitism and Jewish self-hate. An informative abstract in English is provided for each entry, and Hebrew titles are provided with English translations.
