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Environmental Geologic And Antrhopogenic Determinants Of Freshwater Mussel Bivalvis Unionidae Distribution In An Agricultural Watershed In Southeastern Michigan
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Book Synopsis Environmental, Geologic and Antrhopogenic Determinants of Freshwater Mussel (Bivalvis :Unionidae) Distribution in an Agricultural Watershed in Southeastern Michigan by : Sarah Elisabeth Kopplin
Download or read book Environmental, Geologic and Antrhopogenic Determinants of Freshwater Mussel (Bivalvis :Unionidae) Distribution in an Agricultural Watershed in Southeastern Michigan written by Sarah Elisabeth Kopplin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Habitat Rating System for Non-wadeable Rivers of Michigan by : Jennifer G. Opdyke Wilhelm
Download or read book A Habitat Rating System for Non-wadeable Rivers of Michigan written by Jennifer G. Opdyke Wilhelm and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Population Genetic Structure of Quadrula Aurea (Bivalvia: Unionidae), A Threatened Freshwater Mussel in Central Texas by : Jeffrey A. Mabe
Download or read book The Population Genetic Structure of Quadrula Aurea (Bivalvia: Unionidae), A Threatened Freshwater Mussel in Central Texas written by Jeffrey A. Mabe and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anthropogenic alteration of riverine ecosystems has led to declines in the abundance and diversity of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida) worldwide. Central Texas is home to a diverse freshwater mussel fauna including three candidates for federal listing under the Endangered Species Act. Surveys conducted over the last few decades suggest many of the endemic freshwater mussel species in Texas exist in small isolated populations that may be vulnerable to the deleterious effects of genetic diversity loss. Microsatellite primers from two closely related species were used to identify a set of genetic markers that functioned in the Golden Orb (Quadrula aurea). Microsatellite markers were then applied to document the population genetic structure of Q. aurea within and among three connected river drainages in southeastern Texas. Gene flow within existing Q. aurea populations appears high indicating little potential for genetic issues stemming from isolation and inbreeding. Two weakly divergent admixed populations were identified occupying the San Antonio and Guadalupe/San Marcos rivers. Population genetic structure was related to river basin affiliation, but results for environmental factors were unresolved. Current effective population size estimates are large for the Guadalupe/San Marcos drainage and moderately large for the San Antonio drainage and there is no clear genetic evidence of contemporary population declines. Transport in the glochidial phase by a highly mobile host fish, the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), may provide a mechanism for maintaining connectivity among spatially discrete mussel beds and deserves further study. Information on the occurrence and habitat associations of Q. aurea and two other threatened freshwater mussel species was documented. Quantification of the population genetic structure for Q. aurea provides important information needed for the management of this species, a baseline for understanding future changes, and insight into the factors that shape the population genetic structure of other threatened unionids in Texas.
Book Synopsis Statewide Assessment of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Iowa Streams by : Kelly Elizabeth Arbuckle
Download or read book Statewide Assessment of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Iowa Streams written by Kelly Elizabeth Arbuckle and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined freshwater mussel communities, population densities and recent impacts in Iowa, USA. Data collected from streams previously surveyed (1984-85) and from field surveys in this study (1998-99) were used to examine presence, absence, abundance and recent changes in presence/absence of mussel species at different spatial scales. Results indicate an association between mussel impacts and agricultural land use in separate analyses examining habitat characteristics at different spatial scales. Analysis of mussel species richness at 118 sites showed sharp declines in species richness over the past decade. Species richness declined most dramatically at sites having 50% riparian woodland along the stream length surveyed. At the watershed scale, species richness declined in watersheds where agricultural land use accounted for 25% of the total land area. Over 38 watersheds, we found that watershed mean mussel density and species richness were best correlated with average watershed slope (topographic relief) and presence of alluvial deposits. An analysis of the influence of riparian and instream characteristics on mussel species richness and population density at 200 sites surveyed in 1998-99 showed that stream shading (an effect of riparian woodland) had a significant positive effect on mussel density and mussel species richness. Mussel species richness was negatively correlated with agricultural nutrients, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The influence of landscape features on mussel communities is clear in each analysis: degradation of lands adjacent to freshwater ecosystems adversely impacts mussel habitat and the associated mussel communities. These results have important implications in the context of restoration and conservation efforts.
Book Synopsis The Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) of the Harpeth River Drainage and the Upper and Middle Duck River Tributaries, Tennessee by : Kristin Leigh Irwin
Download or read book The Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) of the Harpeth River Drainage and the Upper and Middle Duck River Tributaries, Tennessee written by Kristin Leigh Irwin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cumberland and Tennessee River drainages harbor high diversity and endemism of freshwater mussels. The faunas of the Harpeth River drainage and Duck River tributaries have been disproportionally understudied relative to other Cumberlandian streams. Forty-two sites on 23 tributaries in the Harpeth River drainage and a 21-kilometer reach of the main channel were assessed qualitatively for freshwater mussels. Relic shells of four species were observed in eight sites on four of the tributaries. Twenty species were observed in the main channel including the discovery of a new Harpeth River drainage record: Simsponaias ambigua. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) ranged from 0.0 to 32.0 mussels/h. Lampsilis fasciola and Potamilus alatus were the most abundant species. Mussel populations were fragmented and all species exhibited primarily large size-classes. Eighty-three sites on 37 tributaries in the upper and middle Duck River drainage were sampled qualitatively. Nineteen species were observed and 12 were collected live or fresh dead, and CPUE ranged from 0.0 to 58.0 mussels/h. Villosa vanuxemensis and Villosa taeniata were the most abundant and widespread species observed. Live mussels were found in only five tributaries, although mussels historically occurred in 17 of the sampled streams. Length frequency analysis indicated recent recruitment for four species in Big Rock Creek. Results of canonical correspondence analysis for both drainages revealed no association between environmental variables and mussel community structure (live and fresh dead individuals combined), likely a result of low densities. Two sites on Big Rock Creek in the Duck River drainage were sampled quantitatively using 0.25-m2 quadrats. Densities were 0.33 and 1.27 mussels/0.25m2 and species richness ranged from four to five. Quantitative sampling indicated that qualitative timed searches may be sufficient for detecting recruitment in small streams. Anthropogenic alteration has resulted in extensive loss of freshwater mussel habitat, leading to local extirpations and a reduction of diversity and abundance in both watersheds.
Book Synopsis Assessment of the Freshwater Mussel Community of the Upper Mahoning River Watershed and Factors Influencing Diversity and Abundance in Small Streams by : Matthew T. Begley
Download or read book Assessment of the Freshwater Mussel Community of the Upper Mahoning River Watershed and Factors Influencing Diversity and Abundance in Small Streams written by Matthew T. Begley and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Freshwater mussel communities have experienced drastic declines in diversity and abundance in many streams throughout North America. Among the reasons for these declines is the human-driven alteration of the landscape, as urban and agricultural use impart many known stressors to aquatic systems. Impairments include increased sedimentation, increased pollutants, increased flood frequency and intensity, and decreased diversity and abundance of many organisms, including fish, macroinvertebrates, and mussels. Attempts to explain the abundance and diversity of mussel communities using small-scale factors such as substrate type and flow velocity provided little to no predictive power. Instead, reach-scale variables, such as stream morphology and riparian vegetation, and catchment-scale variables, such as land use, performed better as predictors of mussel diversity and abundance. In this study, surveys of mussel communities were performed in Eagle Creek in 2013 and throughout the entire upper Mahoning River watershed in 2014. Stream morphology was assessed at the sites surveyed in 2014. No published surveys exist for the mussel community of the upper Mahoning River watershed, which is a headwater system in the upper reaches of the Ohio River watershed. The Eagle Creek watershed had the highest proportion of forested land in the upper Mahoning River watershed and supported the largest and most diverse mussel community, although evidence for recruitment was limited in this stream. Across the region, abundance and species richness were strongly correlated with drainage area. Abundance and species richness decreased with increased shear stress, electrical conductivity, and agricultural and urban land use. Conductivity was also correlated with agricultural land use, and no live mussels were found where conductivity exceeded 0.9mS. Overall, the upper Mahoning River watershed had a low diversity and abundance of freshwater mussels, likely due to the intensive anthropogenic land use. Even where conditions appeared better, historic land use may have obscured the relationship between in stream conditions and mussel abundance and diversity, as some populations may have experienced greater stressors in the past than today.
Book Synopsis Assessment of a Freshwater Mussel (mollusca: Bivalvia) Community in the Licking River, at Butler, Pendleton County, Kentucky by : Bryce Edward Daniels
Download or read book Assessment of a Freshwater Mussel (mollusca: Bivalvia) Community in the Licking River, at Butler, Pendleton County, Kentucky written by Bryce Edward Daniels and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was undertaken to assess the current condition of the freshwater mussel (also called unionid) (Bivalvia: Unionidae) community in the Licking River at the State Route 177 bridge crossing in Butler, Pendleton County, Kentucky. A recent study indicated a drastic decline in the reproduction occurring in this historically diverse assemblage, evident through findings of few glochidia in stream drift and the absence of glochidial encystment on any of the fishes collected. An intensive community analysis provided information on the current size demography of the resident populations, and monitored the presence of species historically known from this site. It also provided evidence of juvenile recruitment and reproduction, through presence/absence of juveniles at the site and glochidia (mussel larvae) in drift net samples or encysted upon fishes. Results from this survey would be useful for future monitoring of this community, and would provide important information that can be used in comparison with other mussel assemblages for which various have been quantified. Land use practices that had been or are currently being employed upstream of the proposed study site were considered to better understand the point and nonpoint source pollution factors that might be influencing community changes. It was hypothesized that upstream land use practices were contributing to a previously documented decline of reproduction at this locality. Qualitative and quantitative searches yielded 27 extant unionid species within the area, and resulted in the discovery of juveniles of eight species, including two juveniles of the state and federally endangered fanshell, Cyprogenia stegaria. Quantitative sampling, consisting of substrate excavation of randomly selected 0.25 m2 plots yielded 130 individual unionids, representing 17 species, at a total density of approximately 4.3 unionids / m2. Calculations showed the most abundant species, the spike, Elliptio dilatata, to have had the highest importance value in the quantitavely sampled areas. Analysis of drift net samples yielded 159 unionid glochidia and 434 juvenile Corbicula fluminea, the exotic Asian clam, out of approximately 730 m3 of stream drift. Examination of 545 fishes collected from the site yielded 241 glochidia encysted on either gills or fins of 47 individual fish hosts, for an average of 5.13 glochidia per infected fish. Eight species of fish were represented by hosts bearing encysted glochidia. These eight species comprised 71.74% of all fishes collected. The emerald shiner, Notropis atherinoides, was the most abundant fish from the three collections, bore the most glochidia, and had the highest prevalence of encystment. Twenty-seven emerald shiners were encysted with 195 unionid larvae; one individual was found bearing 105 glochidia encysted upon its gills. The dominant human influence in the lower Licking River drainage is agriculture, which has lead to a decrease of riparian buffer along a large proportion of the banks within the watershed, and has also allowed livestock access to the streams. The decrease of a riparian buffer and cattle access allows for more direct introduction of chemicals (i.e., pesticides and fertilizers), as well as decreases bank stability, which, in turn, leads to excessive sediment introduction. Such anthropogenic factors and large numbers of C. fluminea, have likely impacted the resident mussel fauna. Although this mussel community remains diverse, the lack of juvenile representation for all but eight species indicated a breakdown in a very important stage in the life history for the rest of the community. Recent reproduction was evident through the presence of glochidia encysted on host fishes and being broadcast into the water column; however, accurate recruitment patterns for resident populations could not be obtained without identification of the glochidia. The only definitive sign of a particular species having recently recruited new members was through the presence of juveniles in the quantitative and/or qualitative samples. These analyses provided baseline population data for each species which can be used in future monitoring of this biologically and historically significant site. There is a great need for future monitoring of such communities, so dynamics of the community can be more definitively recorded, and fluctuations in population structures can be analyzed. Compilations of long-term monitoring efforts on such diverse mussel communities should allow more accurate speculation, in comparison to watersheds with similar land uses, on the effects of such anthropogenic factors as point and nonpoint source pollutants on unionids. Better understanding of the impacts of these factors to natural communities should lead to better management strategies to ameliorate these impacts, conserving existing communities.
Book Synopsis A Survey of the Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia:unionidae) of the Upper La Moine River Basin by : Jeffrey Allen Baumgardner
Download or read book A Survey of the Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia:unionidae) of the Upper La Moine River Basin written by Jeffrey Allen Baumgardner and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee by : Paul Woodburn Parmalee
Download or read book The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee written by Paul Woodburn Parmalee and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee . . . is indispensable to anyone, anywhere, working on this group. Parmalee and Bogan have written a work that sets the standard for future regional guides."--G. Thomas Watters, Ohio Biological Survey "The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee documents a tremendously diverse and unique mussel fauna that is rapidly being destroyed by modern development. Parmalee and Bogan set a new standard for state mussel surveys in their authoritative, thorough, and and highly readable account. The book will be of interest to biologists and conservationists worldwide and will appeal to anyone who cares about the preservation of natural resources in the southeastern United States."--Robert E. Warren, Illinois State Museum With more than 150 species and subspecies recorded in the state, Tennessee has one of the most diverse freshwater mussel faunas in North America. Valuable as indicators of water quality, these mollusks have themselves become threatened as development encroaches on habitat--twenty-three are currently listed as endangered species and at least twelve have become extinct. This is the first book for Tennessee to deal with this biologically and commercially significant group of mollusks. Its authors have been studying and writing about the mussels of Tennessee for more than twenty years and have undertaken a systematic organization of a large and complex body of information to bring order to a difficult field. The book traces the long history of human exploitation of mussels, from aboriginal food gathering to the growth of the cultured pearl industry. It provides an interpretive context for its exhaustive species accounts with background material on biology, distribution, economic utilization, taxonomy, and conservation issues. The authors also review the life cycle of the mussel and describe its many remarkable traits, such as its shell formation and the strategies it employs during the larval stage in parasitizing fish. The species accounts comprise 128 members of Family Unionidae--from pigtoes and pocketbooks to lilliputs and spikes--plus four additional species. The authors cover classification and synonymy, range and distribution, life history and ecology, and survival status. Particular attention is paid to shell description and structure to assist the reader in identification. Each species account includes a distribution map and color photos of two specimens. The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee is a major reference that encompasses historical and modern mussel collections and draws on conservation studies that span two centuries. It will stand as an authoritative guide to understanding Tennessee mollusks and as a benchmark in the study of these species worldwide. The Authors: Paul W. Parmalee is professor emeritus of zooarchaeology and director emeritus of the McClung Museum at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Arthur E. Bogan is curator of aquatic invertebrates at the North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh.
Book Synopsis Freshwater Mussel Ecology by : David L. Strayer
Download or read book Freshwater Mussel Ecology written by David L. Strayer and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2008-06-10 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pearly mussels (Unionoidea) live in lakes, rivers, and streams around the world. These bivalves play important roles in freshwater ecosystems and were once both culturally and economically valuable as sources of food, pearls, and mother-of-pearl. Today, however, hundreds of species of these mussels are extinct or endangered. David L. Strayer provides a critical synthesis of the factors that control the distribution and abundance of pearly mussels. Using empirical analyses and models, he assesses the effects of dispersal, habitat quality, availability of fish hosts, adequate food, predators, and parasites. He also addresses conservation issues that apply to other inhabitants of fresh waters around the globe and other pressing issues in contemporary ecology.
Book Synopsis North American Freshwater Mussels by : Wendell R. Haag
Download or read book North American Freshwater Mussels written by Wendell R. Haag and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-27 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesizes the ecology and natural history of North American freshwater mussels for scientists, natural resource professionals, students and natural history enthusiasts.
Book Synopsis A Handbook of Global Freshwater Invasive Species by : Robert A. Francis
Download or read book A Handbook of Global Freshwater Invasive Species written by Robert A. Francis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invasive non-native species are a major threat to global biodiversity. Often introduced accidentally through international travel or trade, they invade and colonize new habitats, often with devastating consequences for the local flora and fauna. Their environmental impacts can range from damage to resource production (e.g. agriculture and forestry) and infrastructure (e.g. buildings, road and water supply), to human health. They consequently can have major economic impacts. It is a priority to prevent their introduction and spread, as well as to control them. Freshwater ecosystems are particularly at risk from invasions and are landscape corridors that facilitate the spread of invasives. This book reviews the current state of knowledge of the most notable global invasive freshwater species or groups, based on their severity of economic impact, geographic distribution outside of their native range, extent of research, and recognition of the ecological severity of the impact of the species by the IUCN. As well as some of the very well-known species, the book also covers some invasives that are emerging as serious threats. Examples covered include a range of aquatic and riparian plants, insects, molluscs, crustacea, fish, amphibians, reptiles and mammals, as well as some major pathogens of aquatic organisms. The book also includes overview chapters synthesizing the ecological impact of invasive species in fresh water and summarizing practical implications for the management of rivers and other freshwater habitats.
Book Synopsis Water Quality Assessments by : Deborah V Chapman
Download or read book Water Quality Assessments written by Deborah V Chapman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-08-22 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidebook, now thoroughly updated and revised in its second edition, gives comprehensive advice on the designing and setting up of monitoring programmes for the purpose of providing valid data for water quality assessments in all types of freshwater bodies. It is clearly and concisely written in order to provide the essential information for all agencies and individuals responsible for the water quality.
Book Synopsis The IUCN Invertebrate Red Data Book by : Sue Wells
Download or read book The IUCN Invertebrate Red Data Book written by Sue Wells and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantitative Methods for Conservation Biology by : Scott Ferson
Download or read book Quantitative Methods for Conservation Biology written by Scott Ferson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-06-13 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the quantitative tools used in the study of subjects such as biodiversity, resource management and endangered species preservation. Topics covered include population viability analysis, population dynamics, metapopulation models, estimating timing of extinctions, quasi-extinction and more.
Book Synopsis Freshwater Biodiversity by : David Dudgeon
Download or read book Freshwater Biodiversity written by David Dudgeon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing human populations and higher demands for water impose increasing impacts and stresses upon freshwater biodiversity. Their combined effects have made these animals more endangered than their terrestrial and marine counterparts. Overuse and contamination of water, overexploitation and overfishing, introduction of alien species, and alteration of natural flow regimes have led to a 'great thinning' and declines in abundance of freshwater animals, a 'great shrinking' in body size with reductions in large species, and a 'great mixing' whereby the spread of introduced species has tended to homogenize previously dissimilar communities in different parts of the world. Climate change and warming temperatures will alter global water availability, and exacerbate the other threat factors. What conservation action is needed to halt or reverse these trends, and preserve freshwater biodiversity in a rapidly changing world? This book offers the tools and approaches that can be deployed to help conserve freshwater biodiversity.
Book Synopsis Ecology of Baltic Coastal Waters by : Ulrich Schiewer
Download or read book Ecology of Baltic Coastal Waters written by Ulrich Schiewer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-12 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive overview of the enormous ecological diversity of Baltic coastal ecosystems is presented in this volume provides. A short introduction into the Baltic Sea as a reference ecosystem is followed by detailed descriptions of the characteristics of coastal ecosystems. Ecological case studies from four regions illustrate the different reactions of these ecosystems to natural and anthropogenic influences.
