Ensemble Solar Forecasting Statistical Quantification And Sensitivity Analysis Preprint

Download Ensemble Solar Forecasting Statistical Quantification And Sensitivity Analysis Preprint full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Ensemble Solar Forecasting Statistical Quantification And Sensitivity Analysis Preprint ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Statistical Postprocessing of Ensemble Forecasts

Author : Stéphane Vannitsem
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 012812248X
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Statistical Postprocessing of Ensemble Forecasts by : Stéphane Vannitsem

Download or read book Statistical Postprocessing of Ensemble Forecasts written by Stéphane Vannitsem and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical Postprocessing of Ensemble Forecasts brings together chapters contributed by international subject-matter experts describing the current state of the art in the statistical postprocessing of ensemble forecasts. The book illustrates the use of these methods in several important applications including weather, hydrological and climate forecasts, and renewable energy forecasting. After an introductory section on ensemble forecasts and prediction systems, the second section of the book is devoted to exposition of the methods available for statistical postprocessing of ensemble forecasts: univariate and multivariate ensemble postprocessing are first reviewed by Wilks (Chapters 3), then Schefzik and Möller (Chapter 4), and the more specialized perspective necessary for postprocessing forecasts for extremes is presented by Friederichs, Wahl, and Buschow (Chapter 5). The second section concludes with a discussion of forecast verification methods devised specifically for evaluation of ensemble forecasts (Chapter 6 by Thorarinsdottir and Schuhen). The third section of this book is devoted to applications of ensemble postprocessing. Practical aspects of ensemble postprocessing are first detailed in Chapter 7 (Hamill), including an extended and illustrative case study. Chapters 8 (Hemri), 9 (Pinson and Messner), and 10 (Van Schaeybroeck and Vannitsem) discuss ensemble postprocessing specifically for hydrological applications, postprocessing in support of renewable energy applications, and postprocessing of long-range forecasts from months to decades. Finally, Chapter 11 (Messner) provides a guide to the ensemble-postprocessing software available in the R programming language, which should greatly help readers implement many of the ideas presented in this book. Edited by three experts with strong and complementary expertise in statistical postprocessing of ensemble forecasts, this book assesses the new and rapidly developing field of ensemble forecast postprocessing as an extension of the use of statistical corrections to traditional deterministic forecasts. Statistical Postprocessing of Ensemble Forecasts is an essential resource for researchers, operational practitioners, and students in weather, seasonal, and climate forecasting, as well as users of such forecasts in fields involving renewable energy, conventional energy, hydrology, environmental engineering, and agriculture. - Consolidates, for the first time, the methodologies and applications of ensemble forecasts in one succinct place - Provides real-world examples of methods used to formulate forecasts - Presents the tools needed to make the best use of multiple model forecasts in a timely and efficient manner

Wind Power Ensemble Forecasting

Author : André Gensler
Publisher : kassel university press GmbH
ISBN 13 : 3737606366
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (376 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Wind Power Ensemble Forecasting by : André Gensler

Download or read book Wind Power Ensemble Forecasting written by André Gensler and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2019-01-16 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes performance measures and ensemble architectures for deterministic and probabilistic forecasts using the application example of wind power forecasting and proposes a novel scheme for the situation-dependent aggregation of forecasting models. For performance measures, error scores for deterministic as well as probabilistic forecasts are compared, and their characteristics are shown in detail. For the evaluation of deterministic forecasts, a categorization by basic error measure and normalization technique is introduced that simplifies the process of choosing an appropriate error measure for certain forecasting tasks. Furthermore, a scheme for the common evaluation of different forms of probabilistic forecasts is proposed. Based on the analysis of the error scores, a novel hierarchical aggregation technique for both deterministic and probabilistic forecasting models is proposed that dynamically weights individual forecasts using multiple weighting factors such as weather situation and lead time dependent weighting. In the experimental evaluation it is shown that the forecasting quality of the proposed technique is able to outperform other state of the art forecasting models and ensembles.

Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications

Author : M. Sengupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications by : M. Sengupta

Download or read book Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications written by M. Sengupta and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Forecast Verification

Author : Ian T. Jolliffe
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470864419
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Forecast Verification by : Ian T. Jolliffe

Download or read book Forecast Verification written by Ian T. Jolliffe and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-08-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handy reference introduces the subject of forecastverification and provides a review of the basic concepts,discussing different types of data that may be forecast. Each chapter covers a different type of predicted quantity(predictand), then looks at some of the relationships betweeneconomic value and skill scores, before moving on to review the keyconcepts and summarise aspects of forecast verification thatreceive the most attention in other disciplines. The book concludes with a discussion on the most importanttopics in the field that are the subject of current research orthat would benefit from future research. An easy to read guide of current techniques with real life casestudies An up-to-date and practical introduction to the differenttechniques and an examination of their strengths andweaknesses Practical advice given by some of the world?s leadingforecasting experts Case studies and illustrations of actual verification and itsinterpretation Comprehensive glossary and consistent statistical andmathematical definition of commonly used terms

Introduction to Time Series and Forecasting

Author : Peter J. Brockwell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475725264
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Introduction to Time Series and Forecasting by : Peter J. Brockwell

Download or read book Introduction to Time Series and Forecasting written by Peter J. Brockwell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some of the key mathematical results are stated without proof in order to make the underlying theory acccessible to a wider audience. The book assumes a knowledge only of basic calculus, matrix algebra, and elementary statistics. The emphasis is on methods and the analysis of data sets. The logic and tools of model-building for stationary and non-stationary time series are developed in detail and numerous exercises, many of which make use of the included computer package, provide the reader with ample opportunity to develop skills in this area. The core of the book covers stationary processes, ARMA and ARIMA processes, multivariate time series and state-space models, with an optional chapter on spectral analysis. Additional topics include harmonic regression, the Burg and Hannan-Rissanen algorithms, unit roots, regression with ARMA errors, structural models, the EM algorithm, generalized state-space models with applications to time series of count data, exponential smoothing, the Holt-Winters and ARAR forecasting algorithms, transfer function models and intervention analysis. Brief introducitons are also given to cointegration and to non-linear, continuous-time and long-memory models. The time series package included in the back of the book is a slightly modified version of the package ITSM, published separately as ITSM for Windows, by Springer-Verlag, 1994. It does not handle such large data sets as ITSM for Windows, but like the latter, runs on IBM-PC compatible computers under either DOS or Windows (version 3.1 or later). The programs are all menu-driven so that the reader can immediately apply the techniques in the book to time series data, with a minimal investment of time in the computational and algorithmic aspects of the analysis.

Machine Learning Techniques for Space Weather

Author : Enrico Camporeale
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128117893
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Machine Learning Techniques for Space Weather by : Enrico Camporeale

Download or read book Machine Learning Techniques for Space Weather written by Enrico Camporeale and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine Learning Techniques for Space Weather provides a thorough and accessible presentation of machine learning techniques that can be employed by space weather professionals. Additionally, it presents an overview of real-world applications in space science to the machine learning community, offering a bridge between the fields. As this volume demonstrates, real advances in space weather can be gained using nontraditional approaches that take into account nonlinear and complex dynamics, including information theory, nonlinear auto-regression models, neural networks and clustering algorithms. Offering practical techniques for translating the huge amount of information hidden in data into useful knowledge that allows for better prediction, this book is a unique and important resource for space physicists, space weather professionals and computer scientists in related fields. - Collects many representative non-traditional approaches to space weather into a single volume - Covers, in an accessible way, the mathematical background that is not often explained in detail for space scientists - Includes free software in the form of simple MATLAB® scripts that allow for replication of results in the book, also familiarizing readers with algorithms

Climate Impacts on Energy Systems

Author : Jane O. Ebinger
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821386980
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Climate Impacts on Energy Systems by : Jane O. Ebinger

Download or read book Climate Impacts on Energy Systems written by Jane O. Ebinger and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "While the energy sector is a primary target of efforts to arrest and reverse the growth of greenhouse gas emissions and lower the carbon footprint of development, it is also expected to be increasingly affected by unavoidable climate consequences from the damage already induced in the biosphere. Energy services and resources, as well as seasonal demand, will be increasingly affected by changing trends, increasing variability, greater extremes and large inter-annual variations in climate parameters in some regions. All evidence suggests that adaptation is not an optional add-on but an essential reckoning on par with other business risks. Existing energy infrastructure, new infrastructure and future planning need to consider emerging climate conditions and impacts on design, construction, operation, and maintenance. Integrated risk-based planning processes will be critical to address the climate change impacts and harmonize actions within and across sectors. Also, awareness, knowledge, and capacity impede mainstreaming of climate adaptation into the energy sector. However, the formal knowledge base is still nascent?information needs are complex and to a certain extent regionally and sector specific. This report provides an up-to-date compendium of what is known about weather variability and projected climate trends and their impacts on energy service provision and demand. It discusses emerging practices and tools for managing these impacts and integrating climate considerations into planning processes and operational practices in an environment of uncertainty. It focuses on energy sector adaptation, rather than mitigation which is not discussed in this report. This report draws largely on available scientific and peer-reviewed literature in the public domain and takes the perspective of the developing world to the extent possible."

Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences

Author : Daniel S. Wilks
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123850231
Total Pages : 697 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences by : Daniel S. Wilks

Download or read book Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences written by Daniel S. Wilks and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-07-04 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences, Third Edition, explains the latest statistical methods used to describe, analyze, test, and forecast atmospheric data. This revised and expanded text is intended to help students understand and communicate what their data sets have to say, or to make sense of the scientific literature in meteorology, climatology, and related disciplines. In this new edition, what was a single chapter on multivariate statistics has been expanded to a full six chapters on this important topic. Other chapters have also been revised and cover exploratory data analysis, probability distributions, hypothesis testing, statistical weather forecasting, forecast verification, and time series analysis. There is now an expanded treatment of resampling tests and key analysis techniques, an updated discussion on ensemble forecasting, and a detailed chapter on forecast verification. In addition, the book includes new sections on maximum likelihood and on statistical simulation and contains current references to original research. Students will benefit from pedagogical features including worked examples, end-of-chapter exercises with separate solutions, and numerous illustrations and equations. This book will be of interest to researchers and students in the atmospheric sciences, including meteorology, climatology, and other geophysical disciplines. - Accessible presentation and explanation of techniques for atmospheric data summarization, analysis, testing and forecasting - Many worked examples - End-of-chapter exercises, with answers provided

Next Generation Earth System Prediction

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309388805
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Next Generation Earth System Prediction by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Next Generation Earth System Prediction written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-22 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the nation's economic activities, security concerns, and stewardship of natural resources become increasingly complex and globally interrelated, they become ever more sensitive to adverse impacts from weather, climate, and other natural phenomena. For several decades, forecasts with lead times of a few days for weather and other environmental phenomena have yielded valuable information to improve decision-making across all sectors of society. Developing the capability to forecast environmental conditions and disruptive events several weeks and months in advance could dramatically increase the value and benefit of environmental predictions, saving lives, protecting property, increasing economic vitality, protecting the environment, and informing policy choices. Over the past decade, the ability to forecast weather and climate conditions on subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales, i.e., two to fifty-two weeks in advance, has improved substantially. Although significant progress has been made, much work remains to make S2S predictions skillful enough, as well as optimally tailored and communicated, to enable widespread use. Next Generation Earth System Predictions presents a ten-year U.S. research agenda that increases the nation's S2S research and modeling capability, advances S2S forecasting, and aids in decision making at medium and extended lead times.

Integrating Renewables in Electricity Markets

Author : Juan M. Morales
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461494117
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Integrating Renewables in Electricity Markets by : Juan M. Morales

Download or read book Integrating Renewables in Electricity Markets written by Juan M. Morales and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This addition to the ISOR series addresses the analytics of the operations of electric energy systems with increasing penetration of stochastic renewable production facilities, such as wind- and solar-based generation units. As stochastic renewable production units become ubiquitous throughout electric energy systems, an increasing level of flexible backup provided by non-stochastic units and other system agents is needed if supply security and quality are to be maintained. Within the context above, this book provides up-to-date analytical tools to address challenging operational problems such as: • The modeling and forecasting of stochastic renewable power production. • The characterization of the impact of renewable production on market outcomes. • The clearing of electricity markets with high penetration of stochastic renewable units. • The development of mechanisms to counteract the variability and unpredictability of stochastic renewable units so that supply security is not at risk. • The trading of the electric energy produced by stochastic renewable producers. • The association of a number of electricity production facilities, stochastic and others, to increase their competitive edge in the electricity market. • The development of procedures to enable demand response and to facilitate the integration of stochastic renewable units. This book is written in a modular and tutorial manner and includes many illustrative examples to facilitate its comprehension. It is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of electric energy systems, applied mathematics and economics. Practitioners in the electric energy sector will benefit as well from the concepts and techniques explained in this book.

Wind Resource Assessment

Author : Michael Brower
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118022327
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Wind Resource Assessment by : Michael Brower

Download or read book Wind Resource Assessment written by Michael Brower and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-19 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical, authoritative guide to the assessment of wind resources for utility-scale wind projects authored by a team of experts from a leading renewable energy consultancy The successful development of wind energy projects depends on an accurate assessment of where, how often, and how strongly the wind blows. A mistake in this stage of evaluation can cause severe financial losses and missed opportunities for developers, lenders, and investors. Wind Resource Assessment: A Practical Guide to Developing a Wind Project shows readers how to achieve a high standard of resource assessment, reduce the uncertainty associated with long-term energy performance, and maximize the value of their project assets. Beginning with the siting, installation, and operation of a high-quality wind monitoring program, this book continues with methods of data quality control and validation, extrapolating measurements from anemometer height to turbine height, adjusting short-term observations for historical climate conditions, and wind flow modeling to account for terrain and surface conditions. In addition, Wind Resource Assessment addresses special topics such as: Worker safety Data security Remote sensing technology (sodar and lidar) Offshore resource assessment Impacts of climate change Uncertainty estimation Plant design and energy production estimatio Filled with important information ranging from basic fundamentals of wind to cutting-edge research topics, and accompanied by helpful references and discussion questions, this comprehensive text designed for an international audience is a vital reference that promotes consistent standards for wind assessment across the industry.

Information Theory, Inference and Learning Algorithms

Author : David J. C. MacKay
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521642989
Total Pages : 694 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (429 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Information Theory, Inference and Learning Algorithms by : David J. C. MacKay

Download or read book Information Theory, Inference and Learning Algorithms written by David J. C. MacKay and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-09-25 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information theory and inference, taught together in this exciting textbook, lie at the heart of many important areas of modern technology - communication, signal processing, data mining, machine learning, pattern recognition, computational neuroscience, bioinformatics and cryptography. The book introduces theory in tandem with applications. Information theory is taught alongside practical communication systems such as arithmetic coding for data compression and sparse-graph codes for error-correction. Inference techniques, including message-passing algorithms, Monte Carlo methods and variational approximations, are developed alongside applications to clustering, convolutional codes, independent component analysis, and neural networks. Uniquely, the book covers state-of-the-art error-correcting codes, including low-density-parity-check codes, turbo codes, and digital fountain codes - the twenty-first-century standards for satellite communications, disk drives, and data broadcast. Richly illustrated, filled with worked examples and over 400 exercises, some with detailed solutions, the book is ideal for self-learning, and for undergraduate or graduate courses. It also provides an unparalleled entry point for professionals in areas as diverse as computational biology, financial engineering and machine learning.

Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability

Author : Eugenia Kalnay
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521796293
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (962 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability by : Eugenia Kalnay

Download or read book Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability written by Eugenia Kalnay and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 2002, is a graduate-level text on numerical weather prediction, including atmospheric modeling, data assimilation and predictability.

Mountain Weather Research and Forecasting

Author : Fotini K. Chow
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400740980
Total Pages : 760 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Mountain Weather Research and Forecasting by : Fotini K. Chow

Download or read book Mountain Weather Research and Forecasting written by Fotini K. Chow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with a broad understanding of the fundamental principles driving atmospheric flow over complex terrain and provides historical context for recent developments and future direction for researchers and forecasters. The topics in this book are expanded from those presented at the Mountain Weather Workshop, which took place in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada, August 5-8, 2008. The inspiration for the workshop came from the American Meteorological Society (AMS) Mountain Meteorology Committee and was designed to bridge the gap between the research and forecasting communities by providing a forum for extended discussion and joint education. For academic researchers, this book provides some insight into issues important to the forecasting community. For the forecasting community, this book provides training on fundamentals of atmospheric processes over mountainous regions, which are notoriously difficult to predict. The book also helps to provide a better understanding of current research and forecast challenges, including the latest contributions and advancements to the field. The book begins with an overview of mountain weather and forecasting chal- lenges specific to complex terrain, followed by chapters that focus on diurnal mountain/valley flows that develop under calm conditions and dynamically-driven winds under strong forcing. The focus then shifts to other phenomena specific to mountain regions: Alpine foehn, boundary layer and air quality issues, orographic precipitation processes, and microphysics parameterizations. Having covered the major physical processes, the book shifts to observation and modelling techniques used in mountain regions, including model configuration and parameterizations such as turbulence, and model applications in operational forecasting. The book concludes with a discussion of the current state of research and forecasting in complex terrain, including a vision of how to bridge the gap in the future.

Uncertainty in Engineering

Author : Louis J. M. Aslett
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030836401
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Uncertainty in Engineering by : Louis J. M. Aslett

Download or read book Uncertainty in Engineering written by Louis J. M. Aslett and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides an introduction to uncertainty quantification in engineering. Starting with preliminaries on Bayesian statistics and Monte Carlo methods, followed by material on imprecise probabilities, it then focuses on reliability theory and simulation methods for complex systems. The final two chapters discuss various aspects of aerospace engineering, considering stochastic model updating from an imprecise Bayesian perspective, and uncertainty quantification for aerospace flight modelling. Written by experts in the subject, and based on lectures given at the Second Training School of the European Research and Training Network UTOPIAE (Uncertainty Treatment and Optimization in Aerospace Engineering), which took place at Durham University (United Kingdom) from 2 to 6 July 2018, the book offers an essential resource for students as well as scientists and practitioners.

Feature Extraction

Author : Isabelle Guyon
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540354883
Total Pages : 765 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Feature Extraction by : Isabelle Guyon

Download or read book Feature Extraction written by Isabelle Guyon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-11-16 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is both a reference for engineers and scientists and a teaching resource, featuring tutorial chapters and research papers on feature extraction. Until now there has been insufficient consideration of feature selection algorithms, no unified presentation of leading methods, and no systematic comparisons.

Aviation Turbulence

Author : Robert Sharman
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331923630X
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Aviation Turbulence by : Robert Sharman

Download or read book Aviation Turbulence written by Robert Sharman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anyone who has experienced turbulence in flight knows that it is usually not pleasant, and may wonder why this is so difficult to avoid. The book includes papers by various aviation turbulence researchers and provides background into the nature and causes of atmospheric turbulence that affect aircraft motion, and contains surveys of the latest techniques for remote and in situ sensing and forecasting of the turbulence phenomenon. It provides updates on the state-of-the-art research since earlier studies in the 1960s on clear-air turbulence, explains recent new understanding into turbulence generation by thunderstorms, and summarizes future challenges in turbulence prediction and avoidance.