Engineering High Performance Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Engineering High Performance Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Author : Jin Soo Ahn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Engineering High Performance Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Jin Soo Ahn

Download or read book Engineering High Performance Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Jin Soo Ahn and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are an efficient, fuel flexible energy conversion device, capable of operating on fuels ranging from natural gas to gasoline, diesel, and biofuels, as well as hydrogen. However, to this point the marketability of SOFCs has been limited by their high operating temperatures. Achieving high power at intermediate temperatures (IT, 500 - 700 °C) would be a significant breakthrough, as low temperature operation would result in better stability and allow for a broader range of material options for the SOFC components as well as the balance of plant, such as stainless steel interconnects (which are only viable at

Materials for Sustainable Energy

Author : Vincent Dusastre
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814317640
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials for Sustainable Energy by : Vincent Dusastre

Download or read book Materials for Sustainable Energy written by Vincent Dusastre and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The search for cleaner, cheaper, smaller and more efficient energy technologies has to a large extent been motivated by the development of new materials. The aim of this collection of articles is therefore to focus on what materials-based solutions can offer and show how the rationale design and improvement of their physical and chemical properties can lead to energy-production alternatives that have the potential to compete with existing technologies. In terms of alternative means to generate electricity that utilize renewable energy sources, the most dramatic breakthroughs for both mobile (i.e., transportation) and stationary applications are taking place in the fields of solar and fuel cells. And from an energy-storage perspective, exciting developments can be seen emerging from the fields of rechargeable batteries and hydrogen storage.

Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Author : Zongping Shao
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 366252936X
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Zongping Shao

Download or read book Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Zongping Shao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses recent advances in intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs), focusing on material development and design, mechanism study, reaction kinetics and practical applications. It consists of five chapters presenting different types of reactions and materials employed in electrolytes, cathodes, anodes, interconnects and sealants for IT-SOFCs. It also includes two chapters highlighting new aspects of these solid oxide fuel cells and exploring their practical applications. This insightful and useful book appeals to a wide readership in various fields, including solid oxide fuel cells, electrochemistry, membranes and ceramics. Zongping Shao is a Professor at the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and the College of Energy, Nanjing University of Technology, China. Moses O. Tade is a Professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Australia.

Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Author : Gurbinder Kaur
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128174463
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Gurbinder Kaur

Download or read book Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Gurbinder Kaur and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Electrolytes, Electrodes and Interconnects introduces the fundamental principles of intermediate solid oxide fuel cells technology. It provides the reader with a broad understanding and practical knowledge of the electrodes, pyrochlore/perovskite/oxide electrolytes and interconnects which form the backbone of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) unit. Opening with an introduction to the thermodynamics, physiochemical and electrochemical behavior of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), the book also discusses specific materials, including low temperature brownmillerites and aurivillius electrolytes, as well as pyrochlore interconnects. This book analyzes the basic concepts, providing cutting-edge information for both researchers and students. It is a complete reference for Intermediate Solid Oxide Fuel Cells technology that will be a vital resource for those working in materials science, fuel cells and solid state chemistry. Provides a single source of information on glass, electrolytes, interconnects, vanadates, pyrochlores and perovskite SOFC Includes illustrations that provide a clear visual explanation of concepts being discussed Progresses from a discussion of basic concepts that will enable readers to easily comprehend the subject matter

Fabrication and Characterization of High-performance Cathodes for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Author : Wei Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (631 download)

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Book Synopsis Fabrication and Characterization of High-performance Cathodes for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Wei Wang

Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of High-performance Cathodes for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Wei Wang and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for the 21st Century

Author : Kevin Kendall
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0124104835
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for the 21st Century by : Kevin Kendall

Download or read book High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for the 21st Century written by Kevin Kendall and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-11-21 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Second Edition, explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy. The text brings the topic of green energy front and center, illustrating the need for new books that provide comprehensive and practical information on specific types of fuel cells and their applications. This landmark volume on solid oxide fuel cells contains contributions from experts of international repute, and provides a single source of the latest knowledge on this topic. A single source for all the latest information on solid oxide fuel cells and their applications Illustrates the need for new, more comprehensive books and study on the topic Explores the growing interest in fuel cells as viable, sustainable sources of energy

High-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Design and Applications

Author : S.C. Singhal
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080508081
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis High-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Design and Applications by : S.C. Singhal

Download or read book High-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Design and Applications written by S.C. Singhal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-12-08 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Design and Applications provides a comprehensive discussion of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). SOFCs are the most efficient devices for the electrochemical conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity, and have been gaining increasing attention for clean and efficient distributed power generation. The book explains the operating principle, cell component materials, cell and stack designs and fabrication processes, cell and stack performance, and applications of SOFCs. Individual chapters are written by internationally renowned authors in their respective fields, and the text is supplemented by a large number of references for further information. The book is primarily intended for use by researchers, engineers, and other technical people working in the field of SOFCs. Even though the technology is advancing at a very rapid pace, the information contained in most of the chapters is fundamental enough for the book to be useful even as a text for SOFC technology at the graduate level.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Author : Bin Zhu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527812784
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Bin Zhu

Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Bin Zhu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-12 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents innovative approaches towards affordable, highly efficient, and reliable sustainable energy systems Written by leading experts on the subject, this book provides not only a basic introduction and understanding of conventional fuel cell principle, but also an updated view of the most recent developments in this field. It focuses on the new energy conversion technologies based on both electrolyte and electrolyte-free fuel cells?from advanced novel ceria-based composite electrolyte low temperature solid oxide fuel cells to non-electrolyte fuel cells as advanced fuel-to-electricity conversion technology. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: From Electrolyte-Based to Electrolyte-Free Devices is divided into three parts. Part I covers the latest developments of anode, electrolyte, and cathode materials as well as the SOFC technologies. Part II discusses the non-electrolyte or semiconductor-based membrane fuel cells. Part III focuses on engineering efforts on materials, technology, devices and stack developments, and looks at various applications and new opportunities of SOFC using both the electrolyte and non-electrolyte principles, including integrated fuel cell systems with electrolysis, solar energy, and more. -Offers knowledge on how to realize highly efficient fuel cells with novel device structures -Shows the opportunity to transform the future fuel cell markets and the possibility to commercialize fuel cells in an extended range of applications -Presents a unique collection of contributions on the development of solid oxide fuel cells from electrolyte based to non-electrolyte-based technology -Provides a more comprehensive understanding of the advances in fuel cells and bridges the knowledge from traditional SOFC to the new concept -Allows readers to track the development from the conventional SOFC to the non-electrolyte or single-component fuel cell Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: From Electrolyte-Based to Electrolyte-Free Devices will serve as an important reference work to students, scientists, engineers, researchers, and technology developers in the fuel cell field.

Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures

Author : John T.S. Irvine
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447144562
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures by : John T.S. Irvine

Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures written by John T.S. Irvine and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-02 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) operate at high temperatures allowing more fuel flexibility and also useful heat output and so increase total efficiency, but does give some interesting engineering challenges. Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures provides clear and accurate data for a selection of SOFC topics from the specific details of Ni cermet anodes, chemical expansion in materials, and the measuring and modelling of mechanical stresses, to the broader scope of the history and present design of cells, to SOFC systems and the future of SOFC. Celebrating Ulf Bossel’s work on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, and especially his running of the European Fuel Cell Forum, Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures covers important topics on the way including intermediate temperature fuel cells, metal supported fuel cells and both new materials and engineering solutions to some of the challenges of getting SOFC to market. The chapters are based on the special plenary talks given by some of the most respected and talented people in the field at the 2010 European SOFC Forum in Luzern and the title for this book comes from the report produced by Ulf for the IEA “Final Report on SOFC Data, Facts and Figures”, Swiss Federal Office of Energy, Berne, 1992. The comprehensive nature of Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures makes it a key resource of SOFC topics for students, lecturers, researchers and industry practitioners alike.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Materials

Author : R. Saravanan
Publisher : Materials Research Forum LLC
ISBN 13 : 1945291516
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (452 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Materials by : R. Saravanan

Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Materials written by R. Saravanan and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing materials for SOFC applications is one of the key topics in energy research. The book focuses on manganite structured materials, such as doped lanthanum chromites and lanthanum manganites, which have interesting properties: thermal and chemical stability, mixed ionic and electrical conductivity, electrocatalytic activity, magnetocaloric property and colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). These materials have applications in solid oxide fuel cells, high temperature NOx sensors, hard disk read heads, magnetic sensors and magnetoresistive random access memories. For the first time, the charge density distributions have been studied in these materials as synthesized by high temperature solid state reaction. Charge density analysis is helpful in understanding the physical and chemical properties of materials and in developing optimized structures. The morphological, elemental, optical and magnetic properties of the materials have also been studied. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, SOFC, Manganite Structured Materials, Lanthanum Chromites, Lanthanum Manganites, Electrocatalytic Activity, Magnetocaloric Property, Colossal Magnetoresistance, High Temperature NOx Sensors, Hard Disk Read Heads, Magnetic Sensors, Magnetoresistive Random Access Memories, Charge Density Distribution

Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Development

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Development by :

Download or read book Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are high efficiency energy conversion devices. Present materials set, using yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte, limit the cell operating temperatures to 800 C or higher. It has become increasingly evident however that lowering the operating temperature would provide a more expeditious route to commercialization. The advantages of intermediate temperature (600 to 800 C) operation are related to both economic and materials issues. Lower operating temperature allows the use of low cost materials for the balance of plant and limits degradation arising from materials interactions. When the SOFC operating temperature is in the range of 600 to 700 C, it is also possible to partially reform hydrocarbon fuels within the stack providing additional system cost savings by reducing the air preheat heat-exchanger and blower size. The promise of Sr and Mg doped lanthanum gallate (LSGM) electrolyte materials, based on their high ionic conductivity and oxygen transference number at the intermediate temperature is well recognized. The focus of the present project was two-fold: (a) Identify a cell fabrication technique to achieve the benefits of lanthanum gallate material, and (b) Investigate alternative cathode materials that demonstrate low cathode polarization losses at the intermediate temperature. A porous matrix supported, thin film cell configuration was fabricated. The electrode material precursor was infiltrated into the porous matrix and the counter electrode was screen printed. Both anode and cathode infiltration produced high performance cells. Comparison of the two approaches showed that an infiltrated cathode cells may have advantages in high fuel utilization operations. Two new cathode materials were evaluated. Northwestern University investigated LSGM-ceria composite cathode while Caltech evaluated Ba-Sr-Co-Fe (BSCF) based pervoskite cathode. Both cathode materials showed lower polarization losses at temperatures as low as 600 C than conventional manganite or cobaltite cathodes.

Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures

Author : John T.S. Irvine
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781447144571
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures by : John T.S. Irvine

Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures written by John T.S. Irvine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-02 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) operate at high temperatures allowing more fuel flexibility and also useful heat output and so increase total efficiency, but does give some interesting engineering challenges. Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures provides clear and accurate data for a selection of SOFC topics from the specific details of Ni cermet anodes, chemical expansion in materials, and the measuring and modelling of mechanical stresses, to the broader scope of the history and present design of cells, to SOFC systems and the future of SOFC. Celebrating Ulf Bossel’s work on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, and especially his running of the European Fuel Cell Forum, Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures covers important topics on the way including intermediate temperature fuel cells, metal supported fuel cells and both new materials and engineering solutions to some of the challenges of getting SOFC to market. The chapters are based on the special plenary talks given by some of the most respected and talented people in the field at the 2010 European SOFC Forum in Luzern and the title for this book comes from the report produced by Ulf for the IEA “Final Report on SOFC Data, Facts and Figures”, Swiss Federal Office of Energy, Berne, 1992. The comprehensive nature of Solid Oxide Fuels Cells: Facts and Figures makes it a key resource of SOFC topics for students, lecturers, researchers and industry practitioners alike.

Hybrid Systems Based on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Author : Mario L. Ferrari
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111903907X
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Hybrid Systems Based on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Mario L. Ferrari

Download or read book Hybrid Systems Based on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Mario L. Ferrari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to the modelling and design of solid oxide fuel cell hybrid power plants This book explores all technical aspects of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid systems and proposes solutions to a range of technical problems that can arise from component integration. Following a general introduction to the state-of-the-art in SOFC hybrid systems, the authors focus on fuel cell technology, including the components required to operate with standard fuels. Micro-gas turbine (mGT) technology for hybrid systems is discussed, with special attention given to issues related to the coupling of SOFCs with mGTs. Throughout the book emphasis is placed on dynamic issues, including control systems used to avoid risk conditions. With an eye to mitigating the high costs and risks incurred with the building and use of prototype hybrid systems, the authors demonstrate a proven, economically feasible approach to obtaining important experimental results using simplified plants that simulate both generic and detailed system-level behaviour using emulators. Computational models and experimental plants are developed to support the analysis of SOFC hybrid systems, including models appropriate for design, development and performance analysis at both component and system levels. Presents models for a range of size units, technology variations, unit coupling dynamics and start-up and shutdown behaviours Focuses on SOFCs integration with mGTs in light of key constraints and risk avoidance issues under steady-state conditions and during transient operations Identifies interaction and coupling problems within the GT/SOFC environment, including exergy analysis and optimization Demonstrates an economical approach to obtaining important experimental results while avoiding high-cost components and risk conditions Presents analytical/computational and experimental tools for the efficient design and development of hardware and software systems Hybrid Systems Based on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Modelling and Design is a valuable resource for researchers and practicing engineers involved in fuel cell fundamentals, design and development. It is also an excellent reference for academic researchers and advanced-level students exploring fuel cell technology.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Author : Jeffrey Fergus
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 142008884X
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Jeffrey Fergus

Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Jeffrey Fergus and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First Book Centered on Materials Issues of SOFCsAlthough the high operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) creates opportunities for using a variety of fuels, including low-grade hydrogen and those derived from biomass, it also produces difficulties in materials performance and often leads to materials degradation during operatio

Comprehensive Development of High Performance Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Intermediate and Low Temperature Applications

Author : Kang Taek Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Development of High Performance Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Intermediate and Low Temperature Applications by : Kang Taek Lee

Download or read book Comprehensive Development of High Performance Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Intermediate and Low Temperature Applications written by Kang Taek Lee and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: In order to develop high performance solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating at low to intermediate temperatures, the three main SOFC components--the anode, electrolyte, and cathode--were comprehensively studied. In order to lower anodic polarization losses in anode-supported SOFCs, a novel composite anode functional layer (AFL) having bimodal (nano/micro) structure was developed. Application of this AFL involved a simple process where a precursor solution was coated onto a conventional submicron sized colloidally-deposited Ni-GDC AFL. Cells prepared in this manner yielded maximum power densities (MPD) of 1.29, 1.16, 0.7 and 0.38 W/cm2 at 650, 600, 550 and 500 oC, respectively. Electrochemical impedance results showed a striking decrease in both ohmic and non-ohmic area specific resistances (ASRs) for these cells compared to those with either no AFL, or a conventional AFL. In addition, the effect composition of the conventional submironsized AFL on performance was examined. The highest MPD (1.15 W/cm2 at 650 °C) was achieved at a composition of 60wt% NiO. This composition had the best performance over the intermediate temperature range (450 to 650 °C). For the potentio-static test, the cell exhibited stable performance over 200 hrs of operation at 1.1 W/cm2. It was also revealed that electrode ASR has an inverse linear relationship with maximum power density at 650oC.

Functional Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Processing, Microstructure and Performance

Author : Moisés Rómolos Cesário
Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1681084317
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Functional Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Processing, Microstructure and Performance by : Moisés Rómolos Cesário

Download or read book Functional Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Processing, Microstructure and Performance written by Moisés Rómolos Cesário and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017-04-19 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontiers in Ceramic Science highlights the importance of ceramics and their applications in different fields such as manufacturing, construction, engineering, energy and much more. Each volume of the series brings a themed focus on a specific topic with contributions from experts around the world. The series is essential reading for materials science researchers interested in current developments in ceramic manufacturing and applications. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have received great attention among researchers in the past few decades due to their high electrochemical energy conversion efficiency, environmental friendliness, fuel flexibility and wide range of applications. This volume is a contribution from renowned researchers in the scientific community interested in functional materials for SOFCs. Chapters in this volume emphasize the processing, microstructure and performance of electrolyte and electrode materials. Contributors review the main chemical and physical routes used to prepare ceramic/composite materials, and explain a variety of manufacturing techniques for electrode and electrolyte production and characterization. Readers will also find information about both symmetrical and single fuel cells. The book is a useful reference for students and professionals involved in SOFC research and development.

Perovskite Oxide for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Author : Tatsumi Ishihara
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387777083
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Perovskite Oxide for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Tatsumi Ishihara

Download or read book Perovskite Oxide for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Tatsumi Ishihara and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-12 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel cell technology is quite promising for conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity without forming air pollutants. There are several types of fuel cells: polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and alkaline fuel cell (AFC). Among these, SOFCs are the most efficient and have various advantages such as flexibility in fuel, high reliability, simple balance of plant (BOP), and a long history. Therefore, SOFC technology is attracting much attention as a power plant and is now close to marketing as a combined heat and power generation system. From the beginning of SOFC development, many perovskite oxides have been used for SOFC components; for example, LaMnO -based oxide for the cathode and 3 LaCrO for the interconnect are the most well known materials for SOFCs. The 3 current SOFCs operate at temperatures higher than 1073 K. However, lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs is an important goal for further SOFC development. Reliability, durability, and stability of the SOFCs could be greatly improved by decreasing their operating temperature. In addition, a lower operating temperature is also beneficial for shortening the startup time and decreasing energy loss from heat radiation. For this purpose, faster oxide ion conductors are required to replace the conventional Y O -stabilized ZrO 2 3 2 electrolyte. A new class of electrolytes such as LaGaO is considered to be 3 highly useful for intermediate-temperature SOFCs.