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Energy And Environmental Profile Of The Us Petroleum Refining Industry
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Book Synopsis Energy and Environmental Profile of the U.S. Petroleum Refining Industry by :
Download or read book Energy and Environmental Profile of the U.S. Petroleum Refining Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2007 report (PDF 1.7 MB) provides an overview of the U.S. petroleum refining industry, including new data on market trends and energy and material consumption, as well as information on environmental performance.
Book Synopsis Energy and Environmental Profile of the Petroleum Refining Industry by : Energetics Incorporated
Download or read book Energy and Environmental Profile of the Petroleum Refining Industry written by Energetics Incorporated and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Petroleum Refining Industry by : Marshall Sittig
Download or read book Petroleum Refining Industry written by Marshall Sittig and published by Noyes Data Corporation/Noyes Publications. This book was released on 1978 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Profile of the Petroleum Refining Industry by : U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Profile of the Petroleum Refining Industry written by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Energy and Air Quality Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :232 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis The Status of the U.S. Refining Industry by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Energy and Air Quality
Download or read book The Status of the U.S. Refining Industry written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Energy and Air Quality and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Petroleum Refining, Industry's Outlook Depends on Market Changes and Key Environmental Regulations by : U.s. Government Accountability Office
Download or read book Petroleum Refining, Industry's Outlook Depends on Market Changes and Key Environmental Regulations written by U.s. Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " The U.S. petroleum refining industry-the largest refining industry in the world-experienced a period of high product prices and industry profits from the early 2000s through about 2007. Since the recession of 2007 to 2009, the industry has been in transition. Federal and state agencies regulate petroleum refining and the use of petroleum products to protect human health and the environment, as well as for other purposes. EPA, DOT, and California recently proposed or strengthened five key regulations, including EPA and DOT's coordinated fuel economy and GHG vehicle emission standards, and EPA's RFS, which has required that refiners and others ensure transportation fuels include increasing amounts of renewable fuels such as ethanol produced from corn. GAO was asked to provide information on the domestic petroleum refining industry. This report examines: (1) major changes that have recently affected the industry and (2) the future of the industry. GAO reviewed information including studies by agencies and consultants and company financial filings; interviewed stakeholders, including agency officials and representatives of refiners and environmental organizations; and reviewed forecasts by the Energy Information Administration and others. "
Book Synopsis How the Petroleum Refining Industry Approaches Energy Conservation--a Case Study by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book How the Petroleum Refining Industry Approaches Energy Conservation--a Case Study written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment of Energy Efficiency Improvement in the United States Petroleum Refining Industry by :
Download or read book Assessment of Energy Efficiency Improvement in the United States Petroleum Refining Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adoption of efficient process technologies is an important approach to reducing CO2 emissions, in particular those associated with combustion. In many cases, implementing energy efficiency measures is among the most cost-effective approaches that any refiner can take, improving productivity while reducing emissions. Therefore, careful analysis of the options and costs associated with efficiency measures is required to establish sound carbon policies addressing global climate change, and is the primary focus of LBNL's current petroleum refining sector analysis for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The analysis is aimed at identifying energy efficiency-related measures and developing energy abatement supply curves and CO2 emissions reduction potential for the U.S. refining industry. A refinery model has been developed for this purpose that is a notional aggregation of the U.S. petroleum refining sector. It consists of twelve processing units and account s for the additional energy requirements from steam generation, hydrogen production and water utilities required by each of the twelve processing units. The model is carbon and energy balanced such that crud e oil inputs and major refinery sector outputs (fuels) are benchmarked to 2010 data. Estimates of the current penetration for the identified energy efficiency measures benchmark the energy requirements to those reported in U.S. DOE 2010 data. The remaining energy efficiency potential for each of the measures is estimated and compared to U.S. DOE fuel prices resulting in estimates of cost- effective energy efficiency opportunities for each of the twelve major processes. A combined cost of conserved energy supply curve is also presented along with the CO2 emissions abatement opportunities that exist in the U.S. petroleum refinery sector. Roughly 1,200 PJ per year of primary fuels savings and close to 500 GWh per y ear of electricity savings are potentially cost-effective given U.S. DOE fuel price forecasts. This represents roughly 70 million metric tonnes of CO2 emission reductions assuming 2010 emissions factor for grid electricity. Energy efficiency measures resulting in an additional 400 PJ per year of primary fuels savings and close to 1,700 GWh per year of electricity savings, and an associated 24 million metric tonnes of CO2 emission reductions are not cost-effective given the same assumption with respect to fuel prices and electricity emissions factors. Compared to the modeled energy requirements for the U.S. petroleum refining sector, the cost effective potential represents a 40% reduction in fuel consumption and a 2% reduction in electricity consumption. The non-cost-effective potential represents an additional 13% reduction in fuel consumption and an additional 7% reduction in electricity consumption. The relative energy reduction potentials are mu ch higher for fuel consumption than electricity consumption largely in part because fuel is the primary energy consumption type in the refineries. Moreover, many cost effective fuel savings measures would increase electricity consumption. The model also has the potential to be used to examine the costs and benefits of the other CO2 mitigation options, such as combined heat and power (CHP), carbon capture, and the potential introduction of biomass feedstocks. However, these options are not addressed in this report as this report is focused on developing the modeling methodology and assessing fuels savings measures. These opportunities to further reduce refinery sector CO2 emissions and are recommended for further research and analysis.
Book Synopsis U.S. Oil Refining Industry: Background in Changing Markets and Fuel Policies by : Anthony Andrews
Download or read book U.S. Oil Refining Industry: Background in Changing Markets and Fuel Policies written by Anthony Andrews and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report begins by looking at the current production capacity of the oil refineries operating in the United States, and the sources and changes in crude oil supply. It then examines the changing characteristics of petroleum and petroleum product markets and identifies the effects of these changes on the refining industry. The report concludes with discussion of the policy and regulatory factors that are likely to affect the structure and performance of the industry during the next decade.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining by : Mohamed A. Fahim
Download or read book Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining written by Mohamed A. Fahim and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-11-19 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining presents the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics, and it explains the scientific background essential for understanding refinery operations. The text also provides a detailed introduction to refinery engineering topics, ranging from the basic principles and unit operations to overall refinery economics. The book covers important topics, such as clean fuels, gasification, biofuels, and environmental impact of refining, which are not commonly discussed in most refinery textbooks. Throughout the source, problem sets and examples are given to help the reader practice and apply the fundamental principles of refining. Chapters 1-10 can be used as core materials for teaching undergraduate courses. The first two chapters present an introduction to the petroleum refining industry and then focus on feedstocks and products. Thermophysical properties of crude oils and petroleum fractions, including processes of atmospheric and vacuum distillations, are discussed in Chapters 3 and 4. Conversion processes, product blending, and alkylation are covered in chapters 5-10. The remaining chapters discuss hydrogen production, clean fuel production, refining economics and safety, acid gas treatment and removal, and methods for environmental and effluent treatments. This source can serve both professionals and students (on undergraduate and graduate levels) of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Chemistry, and Chemical Technology. Beginners in the engineering field, specifically in the oil and gas industry, may also find this book invaluable. Provides balanced coverage of fundamental and operational topics Includes spreadsheets and process simulators for showing trends and simulation case studies Relates processing to planning and management to give an integrated picture of refining
Author :National Petroleum Council. Committee on Environmental Conservation--the Oil and Gas Industries Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :458 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Conservation, the Oil and Gas Industries by : National Petroleum Council. Committee on Environmental Conservation--the Oil and Gas Industries
Download or read book Environmental Conservation, the Oil and Gas Industries written by National Petroleum Council. Committee on Environmental Conservation--the Oil and Gas Industries and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Industrial Process Profiles for Environmental Use by : J. C. Dickerman
Download or read book Industrial Process Profiles for Environmental Use written by J. C. Dickerman and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Refining Nature written by Jon Wlasiuk and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2018-03-07 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Standard Oil Company emerged out of obscurity in the 1860s to capture 90 percent of the petroleum refining industry in the United States during the Gilded Age. John D. Rockefeller, the company’s founder, organized the company around an almost religious dedication to principles of efficiency. Economic success masked the dark side of efficiency as Standard Oil dumped oil waste into public waterways, filled the urban atmosphere with acrid smoke, and created a consumer safety crisis by selling kerosene below congressional standards. Local governments, guided by a desire to favor the interests of business, deployed elaborate engineering solutions to tackle petroleum pollution at taxpayer expense rather than heed public calls to abate waste streams at their source. Only when refinery pollutants threatened the health of the Great Lakes in the twentieth century did the federal government respond to a nascent environmental movement. Organized around the four classical elements at the core of Standard Oil’s success (earth, air, fire, and water), Refining Nature provides an ecological context for the rise of one of the most important corporations in American history.
Book Synopsis Profile of the Petroleum Refining Industry by : U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Profile of the Petroleum Refining Industry written by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and published by Government Inst. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: You may know what your environmental compliance obligations are, but do you know how EPA sees them? Created by the EPA, this industry-specific handbook includes a comprehensive environmental profile, industrial process information, pollution prevention techniques, pollutant release data, and regulatory requirements unique to the petroleum refining industry. Use the information presented in this book to build a foundation for developing holistic solutions to environmental problems, research the petroleum refining industry and its environmental regulations, understand compliance issues, develop industry-specific training sessions/programs, or create and improve innovative pollution-prevention programs that would make any EPA inspector smile.
Book Synopsis A Comparative Assessment of Resource Efficiency in Petroleum Refining by :
Download or read book A Comparative Assessment of Resource Efficiency in Petroleum Refining written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of increasing environmental and energy security concerns, a detailed understanding of energy efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the petroleum refining industry is critical for fair and equitable energy and environmental policies. To date, this has proved challenging due in part to the complex nature and variability within refineries. In an effort to simplify energy and emissions refinery analysis, we delineated LP modeling results from 60 large refineries from the US and EU into broad categories based on crude density (API gravity) and heavy product (HP) yields. Product-specific efficiencies and process fuel shares derived from this study were incorporated in Argonne National Laboratory's GREET life-cycle model, along with regional upstream GHG intensities of crude, natural gas and electricity specific to the US and EU regions. The modeling results suggest that refineries that process relatively heavier crude inputs and have lower yields of HPs generally have lower energy efficiencies and higher GHG emissions than refineries that run lighter crudes with lower yields of HPs. The former types of refineries tend to utilize energy-intensive units which are significant consumers of utilities (heat and electricity) and hydrogen. Among the three groups of refineries studied, the major difference in the energy intensities is due to the amount of purchased natural gas for utilities and hydrogen, while the sum of refinery feed inputs are generally constant. These results highlight the GHG emissions cost a refiner pays to process deep into the barrel to produce more of the desirable fuels with low carbon to hydrogen ratio.
Download or read book Crude Awakening written by Jack Doyle and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States by : National Research Council
Download or read book Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's economy and lifestyles have been shaped by the low prices and availability of energy. In the last decade, however, the prices of oil, natural gas, and coal have increased dramatically, leaving consumers and the industrial and service sectors looking for ways to reduce energy use. To achieve greater energy efficiency, we need technology, more informed consumers and producers, and investments in more energy-efficient industrial processes, businesses, residences, and transportation. As part of the America's Energy Future project, Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States examines the potential for reducing energy demand through improving efficiency by using existing technologies, technologies developed but not yet utilized widely, and prospective technologies. The book evaluates technologies based on their estimated times to initial commercial deployment, and provides an analysis of costs, barriers, and research needs. This quantitative characterization of technologies will guide policy makers toward planning the future of energy use in America. This book will also have much to offer to industry leaders, investors, environmentalists, and others looking for a practical diagnosis of energy efficiency possibilities.
