Elucidating The Molecular Basis Of Protein And Polymer Display In Gram Positive Bacteria For Novel Antibiotic Development

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Elucidating the Molecular Basis of Protein and Polymer Display in Gram-Positive Bacteria for Novel Antibiotic Development

Author : Michele Kattke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Elucidating the Molecular Basis of Protein and Polymer Display in Gram-Positive Bacteria for Novel Antibiotic Development by : Michele Kattke

Download or read book Elucidating the Molecular Basis of Protein and Polymer Display in Gram-Positive Bacteria for Novel Antibiotic Development written by Michele Kattke and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria has prompted novel antibiotic development by targeting non-essential pathways, such as virulence factor production and display during cell wall biosynthesis. Within Gram-positive bacteria, sortase transpeptidases covalently attach proteins to the cell wall or assemble pili using class A-F enzymes. Interestingly, class E sortases display proteins via recognition of a non-canonical LAXTG motif. We have determined the first crystal structure of a class E sortase, the 1.93 i resolution structure of SrtE1 from Streptomyces coelicolor. The SrtE1 enzyme possesses structurally distinct 3/ 4 and 6/ 7 active site loops that contact the LAXTG substrate. Furthermore, molecular dynamics studies have identified a conserved tyrosine residue that likely confers substrate specificity for class E sortases. A second anti-virulence target, the TarA glycosyltransferase (GT), is highly conserved among Gram-positive bacteria and produces surface-anchored wall teichoic acid (WTA) polymers. The WTA biosynthetic mechanism involving TarA and other membrane-associated, enzymes is poorly understood due to a lack of structural characterization. We have determined the 2.0 i resolution crystal structure of the TarA enzyme from Thermobacter italicus, which adopts a structurally novel protein fold, termed class GT-E, and represents the first structurally characterized member of the WecB-TagA-CpsF GT family. Sequence conservation mapping onto experimentally observed TarA oligomer structures has identified putative functional residues and suggests formation of a competent active site through oligomerization, which will guide studies of substrate binding and catalysis. Furthermore, we describe two target-specific, cell-based assays for the discovery of sortase and TarA inhibitors. The first assay monitors sortase-dependent growth inhibition of wild-type and sortase-deficient Actinomyces oris strains in the presence of small molecule inhibitors. A pilot screen of 1280 compounds returned a hit rate of 0.3%, which has prompted large-scale high-throughput screening. The second assay utilizes a TarA-dependent morphological transition of a mutant B. subtilis strain complemented with the TarA enzyme from S. aureus (TarA+) to replace the endogenous enzyme activity. The drastic rod-shape to spherical morphological transition provides a robust HTS platform with a Z-prime score of 0.76. Ultimately, these structural and cell-based studies will promote the development of anti-virulence inhibitors to combat bacterial resistance.

Protein and Sugar Export and Assembly in Gram-positive Bacteria

Author : Fabio Bagnoli
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331956014X
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Protein and Sugar Export and Assembly in Gram-positive Bacteria by : Fabio Bagnoli

Download or read book Protein and Sugar Export and Assembly in Gram-positive Bacteria written by Fabio Bagnoli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-02 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the envelope of Gram-positive bacteria including its composition, the latest discoveries in the mechanisms behind its assembly, and its role in pathogenesis. Furthermore, new applications in biotechnology and vaccine development involving these bacteria are discussed in detail. This concise volume consists of eleven chapters by prominent experts in the field, which review the latest findings and current state of knowledge on a range of diverse yet interlinked aspects. This book is written for all researchers, clinicians and technicians engaged in basic or applied science projects on Gram-positive bacteria.

Structural and Biochemical Investigation of Gram-Positive Bacterial Surface Display Machinery

Author : Brendan Rayhan Amer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural and Biochemical Investigation of Gram-Positive Bacterial Surface Display Machinery by : Brendan Rayhan Amer

Download or read book Structural and Biochemical Investigation of Gram-Positive Bacterial Surface Display Machinery written by Brendan Rayhan Amer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many species of pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria have become resistant to commonly used antibiotics, creating a pressing need for the development of novel antimicrobial therapies. These pathogenic bacteria are surrounded by a complex peptidoglycan cell wall that is decorated with a range of macromolecules such as surface proteins, protein-based oligomeric pili, and surface glycopolymers. These structures enable the microbe to effectively interact with their environment, and in pathogenetic bacteria are frequently virulence factors that are involved in: immune system modulation, bacterial adhesion, nutrient acquisition, and spore formation. Two distinct enzyme superfamilies are primarily responsible for covalently attaching macromolecules to the Gram-positive cell wall: sortase enzymes that attach proteins and assemble pili, and LytR-Psr-CpsA (LCP) enzymes that attach glycopolymers. This dissertation presents my efforts to discover a sortase inhibitor, structural and mechanistic investigations of both sortase and LCP enzymes, and the development of a new sortase mediated ligation technology. I describe our efforts to find inhibitors against the S. aureus sortase transpeptidase. We utilized both experimental and computational methods to discover potent inhibitor scaffolds. This led to structure-activity studies that not only improved inhibitor potency, but also yielded molecules that can inhibit bacterial protein display in vivo, and appear to be non-toxic to human cells. Sortase enzymes have also proven to be valuable biotechnological conjugation tools. I describe the development of a novel sortase-mediated ligation tool. We demonstrate a 15-fold rate enhancement for existing sortase mediated ligation strategies. Additionally, I discuss studies on sortase pilus assembly and display. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism of sortase pilus assembly, we reconstituted an archetypal Gram-positive pilus assembly process in vitro. This has allowed us to generate molecular models of various intermediates of pilus assembly and define the molecular determinants of this assembly process. We have identified novel features on both the sortase and pilin precursor proteins that are essential for pilus covalent isopeptide assembly. In the concluding chapter of this dissertation, structural work characterizing the unique LCP enzyme that mediates surface protein glycosylation is presented. Work on this project reveals that LCP enzymes use a conserved phosphotransferase mechanism to attach glycopolymers to surface displayed proteins, and this may be a mechanism for actinobacteria wall teichoic acid display, a key macromolecule in the bacterial cell envelope. Combined, this work serves to further define the mechanism of Gram-positive bacterial macromolecular surface display, improved sortase-mediated bioconjugation strategies, and steps towards novel anti-infective sortase inhibitors.

Structural and Biochemical Insights Into Bacterial Cell Wall Glycopolymer Display

Author : Orlando Edward Martinez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural and Biochemical Insights Into Bacterial Cell Wall Glycopolymer Display by : Orlando Edward Martinez

Download or read book Structural and Biochemical Insights Into Bacterial Cell Wall Glycopolymer Display written by Orlando Edward Martinez and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria have acquired resistance to many commonly used antibiotics. One potential strategy to combat this problem is to develop small molecule therapeutics that target bacterial virulence mechanisms which enable pathogens to cause disease. The bacterial cell surface contains many virulence factors that have key roles in host-pathogen interactions, but the mechanisms by which they are synthesized and displayed remains incompletely understood. The work described in this dissertation is concentrated on understanding how bacteria synthesize wall teichoic acid (WTA) glycopolymers. WTAs are peptidoglycan-anchored alditol-phosphate polymers that have important functions in host immune system evasion, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance, among other roles. This research is specifically focused on the TagA glycosyltransferase, which catalyzes the first committed enzymatic step in WTA biosynthesis. Small molecule TagA inhibitors might function as novel antivirulence therapeutics because cells that lack the enzyme in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) maintain viability but become re-sensitized to [beta]-lactam antibiotics. The research described in this dissertation advances our understanding of the enzymatic mechanism of TagA and its role in controlling the architecture of the bacterial cell wall. Chapter 1 surveys the biosynthetic pathways that are used to produce peptidoglycan and WTA polymers in Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus. Chapter 2 details the determination of the first crystal structure of the soluble portion of TagA from Thermoanaerobacter italicus, which is shown to adopt a novel glycosyltransferase structural fold. This study identified two conserved residues in TagA that are important for catalysis and demonstrated that C-terminal tail residues in the enzyme are essential for enzymatic activity in vitro and membrane association in cells. Chapter 3 describes the construction of a solubility-enhanced TagA variant and crystal structures of this enzyme bound to its native substrate, UDP-ManNAc, and an epimer of the substrate, UDP-GlcNAc. These structures provide insight into stereospecific protein-ligand contacts that confer substrate specificity. Molecular dynamics simulations of full-length TagA models with and without its bound substrates are also presented which demonstrate that UDP-ManNAc stabilizes construction of the enzyme's active site through interactions with key catalytic residues in the C-terminal tail. Collectively, these data suggest a model of enzyme function in which membrane association via the C-terminal tail triggers a conformational change in TagA that is further stabilized by stereospecific contacts with its UDP-ManNAc substrate. Lastly, Chapter 4 details ongoing progress in capturing the active, monomeric form of the protein for structural investigations and studying the influence of TagA activity on cell morphology in B. subtilis using transmission electron microscopy. This work contributes to our knowledge of WTA biogenesis in bacteria and lays a foundation for the structure-guided development of TagA-specific inhibitors that could function as antivirulence agents.

Elucidation of Protein - Antibiotic Complexes by Novel Chemical and NMR Approaches

Author : Antony Nicholas Appleyard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (118 download)

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Book Synopsis Elucidation of Protein - Antibiotic Complexes by Novel Chemical and NMR Approaches by : Antony Nicholas Appleyard

Download or read book Elucidation of Protein - Antibiotic Complexes by Novel Chemical and NMR Approaches written by Antony Nicholas Appleyard and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Antibiotics

Author : Claudio O. Gualerzi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527659706
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Antibiotics by : Claudio O. Gualerzi

Download or read book Antibiotics written by Claudio O. Gualerzi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the antibiotics now in use have been discovered more or less by chance, and their mechanisms of action have only been elucidated after their discovery. To meet the medical need for next-generation antibiotics, a more rational approach to antibiotic development is clearly needed. Opening with a general introduction about antimicrobial drugs, their targets and the problem of antibiotic resistance, this reference systematically covers currently known antibiotic classes, their molecular mechanisms and the targets on which they act. Novel targets such as cell signaling networks, riboswitches and bacterial chaperones are covered here, alongside the latest information on the molecular mechanisms of current blockbuster antibiotics. With its broad overview of current and future antibacterial drug development, this unique reference is essential reading for anyone involved in the development and therapeutic application of novel antibiotics.

Bacterial Cell Wall

Author : J.-M. Ghuysen
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080860877
Total Pages : 607 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Bacterial Cell Wall by : J.-M. Ghuysen

Download or read book Bacterial Cell Wall written by J.-M. Ghuysen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1994-02-09 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of the bacterial cell wall emerged as a new field of research in the early 1950s, and has flourished in a multitude of directions. This excellent book provides an integrated collection of contributions forming a fundamental reference for researchers and of general use to teachers, advanced students in the life sciences, and all scientists in bacterial cell wall research. Chapters include topics such as: Peptidoglycan, an essential constituent of bacterial endospores; Teichoic and teichuronic acids, lipoteichoic acids, lipoglycans, neural complex polysaccharides and several specialized proteins are frequently unique wall-associated components of Gram-positive bacteria; Bacterial cells evolving signal transduction pathways; Underlying mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.

Antibiotic Discovery and Development

Author : Thomas J. Dougherty
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461414008
Total Pages : 1119 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Antibiotic Discovery and Development by : Thomas J. Dougherty

Download or read book Antibiotic Discovery and Development written by Thomas J. Dougherty and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-18 with total page 1119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers all aspects of the antibiotic discovery and development process through Phase II/III. The contributors, a group of highly experienced individuals in both academics and industry, include chapters on the need for new antibiotic compounds, strategies for screening for new antibiotics, sources of novel synthetic and natural antibiotics, discovery phases of lead development and optimization, and candidate compound nominations into development. Beyond discovery , the handbook will cover all of the studies to prepare for IND submission: Phase I (safety and dose ranging), progression to Phase II (efficacy), and Phase III (capturing desired initial indications). This book walks the reader through all aspects of the process, which has never been done before in a single reference. With the rise of antibiotic resistance and the increasing view that a crisis may be looming in infectious diseases, there are strong signs of renewed emphasis in antibiotic research. The purpose of the handbook is to offer a detailed overview of all aspects of the problem posed by antibiotic discovery and development.

Bacterial Biofilms

Author : Tony Romeo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540754180
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Bacterial Biofilms by : Tony Romeo

Download or read book Bacterial Biofilms written by Tony Romeo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-26 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the biological world, bacteria thrive predominantly in surface-attached, matrix-enclosed, multicellular communities or biofilms, as opposed to isolated planktonic cells. This choice of lifestyle is not trivial, as it involves major shifts in the use of genetic information and cellular energy, and has profound consequences for bacterial physiology and survival. Growth within a biofilm can thwart immune function and antibiotic therapy and thereby complicate the treatment of infectious diseases, especially chronic and foreign device-associated infections. Modern studies of many important biofilms have advanced well beyond the descriptive stage, and have begun to provide molecular details of the structural, biochemical, and genetic processes that drive biofilm formation and its dispersion. There is much diversity in the details of biofilm development among various species, but there are also commonalities. In most species, environmental and nutritional conditions greatly influence biofilm development. Similar kinds of adhesive molecules often promote biofilm formation in diverse species. Signaling and regulatory processes that drive biofilm development are often conserved, especially among related bacteria. Knowledge of such processes holds great promise for efforts to control biofilm growth and combat biofilm-associated infections. This volume focuses on the biology of biofilms that affect human disease, although it is by no means comprehensive. It opens with chapters that provide the reader with current perspectives on biofilm development, physiology, environmental, and regulatory effects, the role of quorum sensing, and resistance/phenotypic persistence to antimicrobial agents during biofilm growth.

Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas

Author : Shmuel Razin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306476061
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas by : Shmuel Razin

Download or read book Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas written by Shmuel Razin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: was the result of the efforts of Robert Cleverdon. The rapidly developing discipline of molecular biology and the rapidly expanding knowledge of the PPLO were brought together at this meeting. In addition to the PPLO specialists, the conference invited Julius Marmur to compare PPLO DNA to DNA of other organisms; David Garfinkel, who was one of the first to develop computer models of metabolism; Cyrus Levinthal to talk about coding; and Henry Quastler to discuss information theory constraints on very small cells. The conference was an announcement of the role of PPLO in the fundamental understanding of molecular biology. Looking back 40-some years to the Connecticut meeting, it was a rather bold enterprise. The meeting was international and inter-disciplinary and began a series of important collaborations with influences resonating down to the present. If I may be allowed a personal remark, it was where I first met Shmuel Razin, who has been a leading figure in the emerging mycoplasma research and a good friend. This present volume is in some ways the fulfillment of the promise of that early meeting. It is an example of the collaborative work of scientists in building an understanding of fundamental aspects of biology.

Bacterial Cell Wall Structure and Dynamics

Author : Tobias Dörr
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889631524
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Bacterial Cell Wall Structure and Dynamics by : Tobias Dörr

Download or read book Bacterial Cell Wall Structure and Dynamics written by Tobias Dörr and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacterial cells are encased in a cell wall, which is required to maintain cell shape and to confer physical strength to the cell. The cell wall allows bacteria to cope with osmotic and environmental challenges and to secure cell integrity during all stages of bacterial growth and propagation, and thus has to be sufficiently rigid. Moreover, to accommodate growth processes, the cell wall at the same time has to be a highly dynamic structure: During cell enlargement, division, and differentiation, bacteria continuously remodel, degrade, and resynthesize their cell wall, but pivotally need to assure cell integrity during these processes. Finally, the cell wall is also adjusted according to both environmental constraints and metabolic requirements. However, how exactly this is achieved is not fully understood. The major structural component of the bacterial cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), a mesh-like polymer of glycan chains interlinked by short-chain peptides, constituting a net-like macromolecular structure that has historically also termed murein or murein sacculus. Although the basic structure of PG is conserved among bacteria, considerable variations occur regarding cross-bridging, modifications, and attachments. Moreover, different structural arrangements of the cell envelope exist within bacteria: a thin PG layer sandwiched between an inner and outer membrane is present in Gram-negative bacteria, and a thick PG layer decorated with secondary glycopolymers including teichoic acids, is present in Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, even more complex envelope structures exist, such as those found in mycobacteria. Crucially, all bacteria possess a multitude of often redundant lytic enzymes, termed “autolysins”, and other cell wall modifying and synthesizing enzymes, allowing to degrade and rebuild the various structures covering the cells. However, how cell wall turnover and cell wall biosynthesis are coordinated during different stages of bacterial growth is currently unclear. The mechanisms that prevent cell lysis during these processes are also unclear. This Research Topic focuses on the dynamics of the bacterial cell wall, its modifications, and structural rearrangements during cell growth and differentiation. It pays particular attention to the turnover of PG, its breakdown and recycling, as well as the regulation of these processes. Other structures, for example, secondary polymers such as teichoic acids, which are dynamically changed during bacterial growth and differentiation, are also covered. In recent years, our view on the bacterial cell envelope has undergone a dramatic change that challenged old models of cell wall structure, biosynthesis, and turnover. This collection of articles aims to contribute to new understandings of bacterial cell wall structure and dynamics.

Polymeric Materials with Antimicrobial Activity

Author : Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849738076
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymeric Materials with Antimicrobial Activity by : Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla

Download or read book Polymeric Materials with Antimicrobial Activity written by Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of different antimicrobial polymeric materials, their antimicrobial action modes and applications.

Mechanism of Action of Antieukaryotic and Antiviral Compounds

Author : Fred E. Hahn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642464076
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanism of Action of Antieukaryotic and Antiviral Compounds by : Fred E. Hahn

Download or read book Mechanism of Action of Antieukaryotic and Antiviral Compounds written by Fred E. Hahn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Antibiotics I was published in 1967, the teleological view was held by some that" antibiotics" were substances elaborated by certain microorgan isms for the purpose of competing with other microorganisms for survival in mixed ecological environments. However, not only had J. EHRLICH and his associates shown 15 years earlier that chloramphenicol was produced by Strepto myces venezuelae in cultures of sterilized soils but not in parallel cultures of the same soils which were not sterilized, but operationally, the search for anti cancer antibiotics was actively under way (Antibiotics I reporting on numerous such substances), although the concept of antibiosis could not logically justify such undertakings. This editor hesitates to accept the use of the term "antibiotic" for anti microbial agents of non microbiological origins which is sometimes encountered, but neither does he subscribe to the view that antibiotics are in some fundamental manner different from chemotherapeutic substances of other origins. Modes and mechanisms of action of chemotherapeutic compounds are not systematic functions of their origins nor of the taxonomical position of the target organisms. Consequently, in the selection of topics for Antibiotics III (published in 1975), synthetic drugs and natural products of higher plants (alkaloids) were represented, along with antibiotics in the strict sense of the definition. We now present Antibiotics V, for whose assembly the same selection criteria were applied as for Antibiotics Ill. The aggregate length of the contributions rendered it impractical to place the entire text between the covers of one book.

Innovations and Implementations of Computer Aided Drug Discovery Strategies in Rational Drug Design

Author : Sanjeev Kumar Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811589364
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovations and Implementations of Computer Aided Drug Discovery Strategies in Rational Drug Design by : Sanjeev Kumar Singh

Download or read book Innovations and Implementations of Computer Aided Drug Discovery Strategies in Rational Drug Design written by Sanjeev Kumar Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents various computer-aided drug discovery methods for the design and development of ligand and structure-based drug molecules. A wide variety of computational approaches are now being used in various stages of drug discovery and development, as well as in clinical studies. Yet, despite the rapid advances in computer software and hardware, combined with the exponential growth in the available biological information, there are many challenges that still need to be addressed, as this book shows. In turn, it shares valuable insights into receptor-ligand interactions in connection with various biological functions and human diseases. The book discusses a wide range of phylogenetic methods and highlights the applications of Molecular Dynamics Simulation in the drug discovery process. It also explores the application of quantum mechanics in order to provide better accuracy when calculating protein-ligand binding interactions and predicting binding affinities. In closing, the book provides illustrative descriptions of major challenges associated with computer-aided drug discovery for the development of therapeutic drugs. Given its scope, it offers a valuable asset for life sciences researchers, medicinal chemists and bioinformaticians looking for the latest information on computer-aided methodologies for drug development, together with their applications in drug discovery.

Polymeric Materials

Author : Marta Fernández-García
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038979627
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (389 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymeric Materials by : Marta Fernández-García

Download or read book Polymeric Materials written by Marta Fernández-García and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects the articles published in the Special Issue “Polymeric Materials: Surfaces, Interfaces and Bioapplications”. It shows the advances in polymeric materials, which have tremendous applications in agricultural films, food packaging, dental restoration, antimicrobial systems, and tissue engineering. These polymeric materials are presented as films, coatings, particles, fibers, hydrogels, or networks. The potential to modify and modulate their surfaces or their content by different techniques, such as click chemistry, ozonation, breath figures, wrinkle formation, or electrospray, are also explained, taking into account the relationship between the structure and properties in the final application. Moreover, new trends in the development of such materials are presented, using more environmental friendly and safe methods, which, at the same time, have a high impact on our society.

Tetracyclines in Biology, Chemistry and Medicine

Author : M. Nelson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783764362829
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (628 download)

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Book Synopsis Tetracyclines in Biology, Chemistry and Medicine by : M. Nelson

Download or read book Tetracyclines in Biology, Chemistry and Medicine written by M. Nelson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-10-01 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tetracyclines have an illustrious history as therapeutic agents which dates back over half a century. Initially discovered as an antibiotic in 1947, the four ringed molecule has captured the fancy of chemists and biologists over the ensuing decades. Of further interest, as described in the chapter by George Armelagos, tetracyclines were already part of earlier cultures, 1500-1700 years ago, as revealed in traces of drug found in Sudanese Nubian mummies. The diversity of chapters which this book presents to the reader should illus trate the many disciplines which have examined and seen benefits from these fascinating natural molecules. From antibacterial to anti-inflammatory to anti autoimmunity to gene regulation, tetracyclines have been modified and redesigned for various novel properties. Some have called this molecule a biol ogist's dream because of its versatility, but others have seen it as a chemist's nightmare because of the synthetic chemistry challenges and "chameleon-like" properties (see the chapter by S. Schneider).

Biomaterials

Author : David Byrom
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349111678
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (491 download)

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Book Synopsis Biomaterials by : David Byrom

Download or read book Biomaterials written by David Byrom and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-06-18 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomaterials are produced from biological material and are used for their physical characteristics. This book looks at the range of biomaterials and their applications which range from the use of polysaccharides as thickening agents to the use of proteins as fibres and adhesives.