Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Eliminating Trade Barriers Among North American States full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Eliminating Trade Barriers Among North American States ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Villard Bastien
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780533115150
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (151 download)
Download or read book Eliminating Trade Barriers Among North American States written by Villard Bastien and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Marc Grezlikowski
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640381920
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (43 download)
Download or read book The North American Free Trade Agreement written by Marc Grezlikowski and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-07 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: USA, grade: 2,3, Free University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: In the wake of globalization, many countries are reducing trade barriers and tariffs, resulting in a rise of free-trade areas in which the participating countries trade freely among each other without any restrictions. The goal of these agreements is the increase of wealth in each nation's economy. To reach this goal, the USA, Canada and Mexico negotiated the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which came into effect on January, 1st 1994. It was the world's largest free-trade area with a combined population of over 360m people and a total GDP of 6$ trillion. Today, the NAFTA area comprises a 12.5$ trillion economy and a 430m strong population. For the first time, two highly industrialized, rich countries affiliated themselves with a poorer, newly industrialized country. At the time of its ratification, the agreement was extremely controversial in all three member states and opinions in political camps differed vastly. Supporters of the contract were mostly big companies and investors who were hoping that it would loosen restrictions and barriers on the capital market. Opponents of the agreement were trade unions which, especially in the United States, railed heavily against it. They feared outsourcing and massive job displacements to Mexico, a country in which labor is incredibly cheap and environment protection laws are lax or do not even exist. In Mexico, landowners were skeptical of NAFTA because they feared unfair competition with US-American farmers who are still to this day greatly subsidized by the government.
Author : Elgie McFayden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book The North American Free Trade Agreement written by Elgie McFayden and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was signed by President William Jefferson Clinton in 1992. Although NAFTA is a trade and tariff initiative it has profound consequences for labor and the U.S. economy. Since its implementation NAFTA has resulted in the permanent elimination of more than 766,000 employment opportunities for non-degree U.S. workers, compelled various manufacturing companies to relocate to Mexico, increased the trade deficit between the U.S. and Mexico on several occasions since 1994 and led to a decline in real wages among both U.S. and Mexican workers. While the goal of NAFTA is to reduce trade barriers between three nations, the United States, Canada and Mexico, the goal of this research endeavor is to determine the impact of NAFTA on local economies, employment opportunities in specific industries and on wages in the U.S. The premise behind this study is that reducing trade barriers increases competition among manufacturers in the three nations involved and forces U.S. manufacturers to reduce production costs in various ways. The reduction in trade barriers, particularly between the U.S. and Mexico, forces U.S. manufacturers to compete in the market place against a nation with poor labor standards and lower overhead. This clearly has profound consequences for U.S. workers, local economies and employment opportunities. This paper is an attempt to better understand and objectively assess the impact of NAFTA on U.S. workers. This paper relies on multiple statistical procedures including regression analysis to determine the strength of the relationship between the NAFTA legislation and key indicators specific to American workers and local economies.
Author : Marc Grezlikowski
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 364038184X
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (43 download)
Download or read book The North American Free Trade Agreement written by Marc Grezlikowski and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-07-23 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Politics - Region: USA, grade: 2,3, Free University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: In the wake of globalization, many countries are reducing trade barriers and tariffs, resulting in a rise of free-trade areas in which the participating countries trade freely among each other without any restrictions. The goal of these agreements is the increase of wealth in each nation’s economy. To reach this goal, the USA, Canada and Mexico negotiated the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which came into effect on January, 1st 1994. It was the world’s largest free-trade area with a combined population of over 360m people and a total GDP of 6$ trillion. Today, the NAFTA area comprises a 12.5$ trillion economy and a 430m strong population. For the first time, two highly industrialized, rich countries affiliated themselves with a poorer, newly industrialized country. At the time of its ratification, the agreement was extremely controversial in all three member states and opinions in political camps differed vastly. Supporters of the contract were mostly big companies and investors who were hoping that it would loosen restrictions and barriers on the capital market. Opponents of the agreement were trade unions which, especially in the United States, railed heavily against it. They feared outsourcing and massive job displacements to Mexico, a country in which labor is incredibly cheap and environment protection laws are lax or do not even exist. In Mexico, landowners were skeptical of NAFTA because they feared unfair competition with US-American farmers who are still to this day greatly subsidized by the government.
Author : Elgie McFayden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)
Download or read book The North American Free Trade Agreement written by Elgie McFayden and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), an international trade initiative was adopted by the United States, Mexico and Canada in 1992. Proponents of this trade agreement argued it would virtually eliminate trade barriers between the three nations, create greater employment opportunities, spur economic growth and development, improve the quality of life and standard of living, particularly for Mexican workers and significantly increase wages among low-skilled workers. While much has been written about the impact of the NAFTA on the United States economy and its workers, far less has been said about the plight of Mexican workers, particularly regarding human rights and its social implications. The primary goal of this paper is to examine the human side of the NAFTA specific to Mexican workers and their families, with particular emphasis on human rights, pay equity and worker safety.
Author : Kevin P. Gallagher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780982568309
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (683 download)
Download or read book The Future of North American Trade Policy written by Kevin P. Gallagher and published by . This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. Villarreal
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781544194172
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (941 download)
Download or read book The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) written by M. Villarreal and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) entered into force on January 1, 1994. The agreement was signed by President George H. W. Bush on December 17, 1992, and approved by Congress on November 20, 1993. The NAFTA Implementation Act was signed into law by President William J. Clinton on December 8, 1993 (P.L. 103-182). The overall economic impact of NAFTA is difficult to measure since trade and investment trends are influenced by numerous other economic variables, such as economic growth, inflation, and currency fluctuations. The agreement likely accelerated and also locked in trade liberalization that was already taking place in Mexico, but many of these changes may have taken place without an agreement. Nevertheless, NAFTA is significant, because it was the most comprehensive free trade agreement (FTA) negotiated at the time and contained several groundbreaking provisions. A legacy of the agreement is that it has served as a template or model for the new generation of FTAs that the United States later negotiated, and it also served as a template for certain provisions in multilateral trade negotiations as part of the Uruguay Round. The 115th Congress faces numerous issues related to NAFTA and international trade. President Donald J. Trump has proposed renegotiating NAFTA, or possibly withdrawing from it. Congress may wish to consider the ramifications of renegotiating or withdrawing from NAFTA and how it may affect the U.S. economy and foreign relations with Mexico and Canada. It may also wish to examine the congressional role in a possible renegotiation, as well as the negotiating positions of Canada and Mexico. Mexico has stated that, if NAFTA is reopened, it may seek to broaden negotiations to include security, counter-narcotics, and transmigration issues. Mexico has also indicated that it may choose to withdraw from the agreement if the negotiations are not favorable to the country. Congress may also wish to address issues related to the U.S. withdrawal from the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) free trade agreement among the United States, Canada, Mexico, and 9 other countries. Some observers contend that the withdrawal from TPP could damage U.S. competitiveness and economic leadership in the region, while others see the withdrawal as a way to prevent lower cost imports and potential job losses. Key provisions in TPP may also be addressed in 'modernizing' or renegotiating NAFTA, a more than two decade-old FTA. NAFTA was controversial when first proposed, mostly because it was the first FTA involving two wealthy, developed countries and a developing country. The political debate surrounding the agreement was divisive with proponents arguing that the agreement would help generate thousands of jobs and reduce income disparity in the region, while opponents warned that the agreement would cause huge job losses in the United States as companies moved production to Mexico to lower costs. In reality, NAFTA did not cause the huge job losses feared by the critics or the large economic gains predicted by supporters. The net overall effect of NAFTA on the U.S. economy appears to have been relatively modest, primarily because trade with Canada and Mexico accounts for a small percentage of U.S. GDP. However, there were worker and firm adjustment costs as the three countries adjusted to more open trade and investment. The rising number of bilateral and regional trade agreements throughout the world and the rising presence of China in Latin America could have implications for U.S. trade policy with its NAFTA partners. Some proponents of open and rules-based trade contend that maintaining NAFTA or deepening economic relations with Canada and Mexico will help promote a common trade agenda with shared values and generate economic growth. Some opponents argue that the agreement has caused worker displacement.
Author : Douglas A. Irwin
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022639901X
Total Pages : 873 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)
Download or read book Clashing Over Commerce written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs
Author : United States. Office of the U.S. Trade Representative
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book National Trade Estimate ... Report on Foreign Trade Barriers written by United States. Office of the U.S. Trade Representative and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. President (1993-2001 : Clinton)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Study on the Operation and Effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement written by United States. President (1993-2001 : Clinton) and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789287042323
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (423 download)
Download or read book The Role of Trade in Ending Poverty written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Role of Trade in Ending Poverty looks at the complex relationships between economic growth, poverty reduction and trade, and examines the challenges that poor people face in benefiting from trade opportunities. Written jointly by the World Bank Group and the WTO, the publication examines how trade could make a greater contribution to ending poverty by increasing efforts to lower trade costs, improve the enabling environment, implement trade policy in conjunction with other areas of policy, better manage risks faced by the poor, and improve data used for policy-making.
Author : DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0788148338
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (881 download)
Download or read book Study on the Operation and Effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-05 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive assessment of the operation and effects of the North American Free Trade Agree. (NAFTA). It includes the economic effects in aggregate and in selected manufacturing sectors and in agriculture. Also includes sections on the implementation of the NAFTA environmental (cooperation, institutions, and enforcement) and labor agreements (Mexican enforcement of labor law, the North Amer. Agree. on Labor Cooperation). Reviews the findings from a variety of outside studies and analyzes Mexican and U.S. data, attempting whenever possible to isolate the effects of NAFTA from other factors. Charts and tables.
Author : Timothy D. Tregarthen
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9781572594197
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (941 download)
Download or read book Macroeconomics, Second Edition written by Timothy D. Tregarthen and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 1999-12-23 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing the principles of economics as the study of choice, renowned economists and teachers Tim Tregarthen and Libby Rittenberg provide students with an accessible, straightforward overview of the field. Combining the clarity and writing of Tregarthen's The Margin with dramatic teaching insight, Tregarthen and Rittenberg guide students to an understanding of basic economic principles to help them understand how real individuals work with economics. In the completely revised Second Edition, the authors illustrate the practicality and relevance of economics with a variety of new student-friendly features and applications. The combination of student-oriented activities, examples and real-world applications with a host of new supplemental tools make Tregarthen/Rittenberg's Economics a teaching tool without parallel.
Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781568065458
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (654 download)
Download or read book A Budgetary and Economic Analysis of the North American Free Trade Agreement written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1993-07 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzes the major effects of the North American Free Trade agreement (NAFTA) on the U.S. economy and the federal budget. Graphs and tables.
Author : World Bank;World Trade Organization
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464815569
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)
Download or read book Women and Trade written by World Bank;World Trade Organization and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-09-04 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade can dramatically improve women’s lives, creating new jobs, enhancing consumer choices, and increasing women’s bargaining power in society. It can also lead to job losses and a concentration of work in low-skilled employment. Given the complexity and specificity of the relationship between trade and gender, it is essential to assess the potential impact of trade policy on both women and men and to develop appropriate, evidence-based policies to ensure that trade helps to enhance opportunities for all. Research on gender equality and trade has been constrained by limited data and a lack of understanding of the connections among the economic roles that women play as workers, consumers, and decision makers. Building on new analyses and new sex-disaggregated data, Women and Trade: The Role of Trade in Promoting Gender Equality aims to advance the understanding of the relationship between trade and gender equality and to identify a series of opportunities through which trade can improve the lives of women.
Author : Margaret E. Peters
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 140088537X
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Trading Barriers written by Margaret E. Peters and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-09 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why have countries increasingly restricted immigration even when they have opened their markets to foreign competition through trade or allowed their firms to move jobs overseas? In Trading Barriers, Margaret Peters argues that the increased ability of firms to produce anywhere in the world combined with growing international competition due to lowered trade barriers has led to greater limits on immigration. Peters explains that businesses relying on low-skill labor have been the major proponents of greater openness to immigrants. Immigration helps lower costs, making these businesses more competitive at home and abroad. However, increased international competition, due to lower trade barriers and greater economic development in the developing world, has led many businesses in wealthy countries to close or move overseas. Productivity increases have allowed those firms that have chosen to remain behind to do more with fewer workers. Together, these changes in the international economy have sapped the crucial business support necessary for more open immigration policies at home, empowered anti-immigrant groups, and spurred greater controls on migration. Debunking the commonly held belief that domestic social concerns are the deciding factor in determining immigration policy, Trading Barriers demonstrates the important and influential role played by international trade and capital movements.
Author : DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780788110658
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)
Download or read book North American Free Trade Agreements written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994-06 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2 parts. The first part briefly summarizes the major provisions of the Agreement and discusses their broad effects on the economy, the environment, labor, and immigration. The second part, organized as a sourcebook, gives more detail on specific provisions of the agreement. It examines the objectives of the negotiators from each country, the major components of the Agreement, and the unresolved issues. Charts and tables.
