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Author : Xia Chen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (144 download)
Download or read book Effects of Thin and Ultra-thin Liquid Films on Dynamic Wetting written by Xia Chen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ralf Blossey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400744552
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Thin Liquid Films written by Ralf Blossey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-05-22 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a treatise on the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of thin liquid films at solid surfaces and, in particular, their rupture instabilities. For the quantitative study of these phenomena, polymer thin films (sometimes referred to as “ultrathin”) have proven to be an invaluable experimental model system. What is it that makes thin film instabilities special and interesting? First, thin polymeric films have an important range of applications. An understanding of their instabilities is therefore of practical relevance for the design of such films. The first chapter of the book intends to give a snapshot of current applications, and an outlook on promising future ones. Second, thin liquid films are an interdisciplinary research topic, which leads to a fairly heterogeneous community working on the topic. It justifies attempting to write a text which gives a coherent presentation of the field which researchers across their specialized communities might be interested in. Finally, thin liquid films are an interesting laboratory for a theorist to confront a well-established theory, hydrodynamics, with its limits. Thin films are therefore a field in which a highly fruitful exchange and collaboration exists between experimentalists and theorists. The book stretches from the more concrete to more abstract levels of study: we roughly progress from applications via theory and experiment to rigorous mathematical theory. For an experimental scientist, the book should serve as a reference and guide to what is the current consensus of the theoretical underpinnings of the field of thin film dynamics. Controversial problems on which such a consensus has not yet been reached are clearly indicated in the text, as well as discussed in a final chapter. From a theoretical point of view, the field of dewetting has mainly been treated in a mathematically ‘light’ yet elegant fashion, often making use of scaling arguments. For the untrained researcher, this approach is not always easy to follow. The present book attempts to bridge between the ‘light’ and the ‘rigorous’, always with the ambition to enhance insight and understanding - and to not let go the elegance of the theory.
Author : Gui Lu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662487659
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Wetting by Nanofluids written by Gui Lu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-24 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This PhD thesis presents the latest research findings on nanofluid wetting kinetics, which has wide applications in nano/microscale processes and devices. It analyzes complex dynamic wetting by nanofluids using both experiments and multi-scale simulation methods, and presents multiscale (from nano to macroscale) mechanisms and tunable methods to elucidate and control nanofluid dynamic wetting. The book is of interest to university researchers, R&D engineers and graduate students in surface science, materials science and thermal engineering.
Author : Stephan Herminghaus
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (958 download)
Download or read book Molecular Effects in Ultra-Thin Liquid Film Spreading Dynamics written by Stephan Herminghaus and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gary Francis Teletzke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Thin Liquid Films written by Gary Francis Teletzke and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Vineeth Chandran Suja
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)
Download or read book Instabilities and Breakup in Thin Liquid Films written by Vineeth Chandran Suja and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid films having dimensions that are relatively small in the direction normal to their surface are commonly referred to as thin liquid films. Due to their prevalence in nature and due to their unique geometrical characteristics, a comprehensive understanding of thin film dynamics including instabilities and break-up within thin liquid films is of fundamental and practical interest. Practically this understanding is crucial to tuning the stability thin films in a number of important applications such as for stabilizing foams in foods and beverages, destabilizing foams in lubricants, avoiding surface irregularities in liquid coatings and treating ophthalmic disorders originating from the unnatural breakup of the tear film. Fundamentally, the microscopic thickness of these liquid films along with their large surface to volume ratio presents a convenient framework to investigate characteristics of two dimensional flows, and probe the effects of surface phenomenon such as evaporation and surfactant dynamics on fluid flows. Motivated by the importance of thin liquid films, in this thesis, we experimentally investigate the instabilities and break-up within thin liquid films. In the first part of the thesis (Chapters 2 - 4), we develop and optimize experimental tools and protocols for systematically studying thin liquid films. Notably, we show that single bubble/drop experiments are a convenient and complementary technique to study the dynamics of thin liquid films. Subsequently, we detail a new technique for automatically and robustly measuring the spatiotemporal thickness of thin liquid films - hyperspectral interferometry coupled with machine learning. Finally, we will also establish the operating regimes within which the size of bubbles formed on capillaries for single bubble experiments can be precisely controlled to avoid an air compressibility driven shape instabilities. In the subsequent parts of the thesis we utilize the developed tools to study four different problems - Bubble stability in worm like micellar (WLM) polymer solutions (Chapter 5), Lubricant foaming (Chapters 6 - 8), Drying of thin polymer films (Chapter 9) and Dewetting of the tear film (Chapter 10). In Chapter 5, we explore a problem relevant for the cosmetic industry, and characterize the drainage characteristics of thin films between bubbles and flat wormlike micellar solution - air interfaces. The supramolecular structure and elasticity of the wormlike micelles alters the dynamics of film drainage in WLM as compared to those in thin films containing pure surfactants. The unique features of film drainage include film elasticity driven 'dimple recoil' and a single step transition to a Newton black film beyond a critical film thickness. In Chapters 6 - 8, we explore a problem relevant for the lubricant industry, and study the stability of thin liquid films in lubricants with and without antifoams. Utilizing single bubble experiments, we reveal that the stability of thin films between bubbles in lubricant base oils are enhanced by Marangoni flows driven by the differential evaporation of the various components in the oil. Fundamentally, we also show that the spatiotemporal characteristics of these Marangoni flows are regulated by the concentration and volatility of the volatile species in the oil. Interestingly when the concentration of the volatile species approaches 50%, evaporation driven Marangoni flows become chaotic, with disordered spatial structure, chaotic fluctuations, spatially invariant mean film thickness statistics, high sensitivity to initial conditions, rapidly decaying spatial correlation and a power spectrum for thickness fluctuation that obeys a power law scaling that closely resembles the Kolmogorov's -5/3rd scaling. In the presence of filtered lubricants with antifoams, we reveal that the stability of thin films are positively correlated to the number of filtration cycles, and inversely correlated to the nominal filter pore size and the initial antifoam concentration. In Chapter 9 we explore a problem relevant for film coating, and study the drying of aqueous polymer solutions. Depending on the polymer concentration and the polymer diffusivities, we show that a classical Rayleigh-Taylor instability can develop within the drying solution. We also present the scaling laws describing the onset time of the instability as a function of the physical properties and initial polymer concentrations of the solutions. In Chapter 10 we report a platform to characterize the thickness of the tear film in vivo. By qualitatively comparing the dewetting characteristics observed in vivo with in vitro experiments, we will show that the mechanisms of dewetting is influenced by the presence of interfacial rheology. Further we also reveal that the spatial locations that are prone to dewetting are determined by the presence of interfacial rheology and the spatiotemporal drainage characteristics of the tear film. In Chapter 11 we summarize the findings in this thesis and discuss a number of interesting venues for future research.
Author : Victor M. Starov
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429013744
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (29 download)
Download or read book Wetting and Spreading Dynamics, Second Edition written by Victor M. Starov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetting and Spreading Dynamics explains how surface forces acting at the three-phase contact line determine equilibrium, hysteresis contact angles, and other equilibrium and kinetics features of liquids when in contact with solids or with other immiscible liquids. It examines the interaction of surface forces, capillary forces, and properties of the transition zone between the bulk liquid and solid substrate. Significantly revised and updated, the Second Edition features new chapters that cover spreading of non-Newtonian liquids over porous substrates, hysteresis of contact angles on smooth homogeneous substrates, equilibrium and hysteresis contact angles on deformable substrates, and kinetics of simultaneous spreading and evaporation. Drawing together theory and experimental data while presenting over 150 figures to illustrate the concepts, Wetting and Spreading Dynamics, Second Edition is a valuable resource written for both newcomers and experienced researchers.
Author : Xingyi Shi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Evolution of Thin Liquid Films Over Curved Substrates written by Xingyi Shi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We encounter thin liquid films on a daily basis. The micron-thick tear film coating the cornea ensures the clarity of our vision. Pulmonary surfactants coating the air-liquid interface in the alveoli enable us to breath. Lubricant foaming in a gear box can lead to machine degradation and unsafe operations. Textile dye solution films drying unevenly can leave undesirable marks on the fabric. A fundamental understanding of thin liquid film stability is key to optimizing the compositions of the base liquid to suit our needs and applications. In this research, we examine the effects of liquid composition and substrate materials on the dynamics of thin liquid films by building heat and mass transfer models and conducting interferometric experiments via the dynamic fluid-film interferometer. The geometry of a thin liquid film dictates that the liquid-air interactions are critical in affecting the dynamics of the films. Many such interactions can lead to an uneven distribution of surface tension, creating Marangoni flow. The interplay between the Marangoni flow and other physical forces such as capillarity and gravity govern the dynamics of most thin liquid films. A key part of the work focuses on one of the simplest systems that captures all of the major physical forces at play in a thin liquid film: evaporating binary silicone oil films over a glass dome or an air bubble. The binary silicone oil composes of two silicone oils with different viscosity, surface tension, and evaporation rate. Evaporation and the curvature of the substrates create a thin film with varying thickness and composition, thereby surface tension. In the experimental system, a thin film is formed by forcing the curved substrate upward until the apex of the substrate penetrates the initially flat air/liquid interface. The forcing is then stopped and the evolution of the film is recorded by a camera positioned directly above the thin film. Combining experimental observations and theoretical modeling, we elucidate the mechanisms behind the resulting dramatic thin film dynamics. For a binary silicone oil film over a glass dome, at low volume fractions of the less evaporative species ( 0.3%), the liquid film remains axisymmetric and is stabilized by van der Waals interactions and Marangoni flows [1]. At higher concentrations ( 0.35%), the increase in Marangoni flow leads to a film that is more susceptible to ambient disturbances, resulting in asymmetry breakage events [2]. Faster dynamics are observed for an oil film over an air bubble, due to the reduction in resistance to flow. At low volume fractions of the more evaporative species (
Author : William B. Krantz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Thin Liquid Film Phenomena written by William B. Krantz and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)
Download or read book Thin Liquid Films in Wetting, Spreading and Surface Interactions: a Collection of Papers Presented at 6th Australian Colloid & Interface Symposium written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bharat Bhushan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401007365
Total Pages : 961 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Fundamentals of Tribology and Bridging the Gap Between the Macro- and Micro/Nanoscales written by Bharat Bhushan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 961 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The word tribology was fIrst reported in a landmark report by P. Jost in 1966 (Lubrication (Tribology)--A Report on the Present Position and Industry's Needs, Department of Education and Science, HMSO, London). Tribology is the science and technology of two interacting surfaces in relative motion and of related subjects and practices. The popular equivalent is friction, wear and lubrication. The economic impact of the better understanding of tribology of two interacting surfaces in relative motion is known to be immense. Losses resulting from ignorance of tribology amount in the United States alone to about 6 percent of its GNP or about $200 billion dollars per year (1966), and approximately one-third of the world's energy resources in present' use, appear as friction in one form or another. A fundamental understanding of the tribology of the head-medium interface in magnetic recording is crucial to the future growth of the $100 billion per year information storage industry. In the emerging microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) industry, tribology is also recognized as a limiting technology. The advent of new scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques (starting with the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981) to measure surface topography, adhesion, friction, wear, lubricant-fIlm thickness, mechanical properties all on a micro to nanometer scale, and to image lubricant molecules and the availability of supercomputers to conduct atomic-scale simulations has led to the development of a new fIeld referred to as Microtribology, Nanotribology, or Molecular Tribology (see B. Bhushan, J. N. Israelachvili and U.
Author : Ivan Ivanov
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351408194
Total Pages : 1152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)
Download or read book Thin Liquid Films written by Ivan Ivanov and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-02-06 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference provided a systematic examination of both the theory and applications of thin liquid films - giving a critical review of major concepts and unresolved or controversial problems, as well as revealing experimental methods. It includes results previously unpublished. Combining the work of 20 leading researchers, Thin Liquid Films furnishes a fundamental overview of thermodynamics of thin liquid films. Generously illustrated with equations, tables and drawling and containing more than 2,200 citations to pertinent literature, this is an authoritative reference for physical, surface, and colloid chemists, biophysicists and physicists; chemical engineers and advanced graduate students in chemistry, chemical engineering, biophysics and physics.
Author : Sahar Hihath
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781369202274
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Examining Wetting and Dewetting Processes in Thin-films on Crystalline Substrates at the Nanoscale written by Sahar Hihath and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlling the wetting and dewetting of ultra-thin films on solid substrates is important for a variety of technological and fundamental research applications. These applications include film deposition for semiconductor manufacturing, the growth of nanowires through nanoparticle-based catalysis sites, to making ordered arrays of nanoscale particles for electronic and optical devices. However, despite the importance of these processes, the underlying mechanisms by which a film wets a surface or dewets from it is still often unclear and widely debated. In this dissertation we examine wetting and dewetting processes in three materials systems that are relevant for device applications with the ultimate goal of understanding what mechanisms drive the wetting (or dewetting) process in each case. First, we examine the formation of wetting layers between nanoparticle films and highly conductive GaAs substrates for spintronic applications. In this case, the formation of a wetting layer is important for nanoparticle adhesion on the substrate surface. Wetting layers can be made by annealing these systems, which causes elemental diffusion from nanoparticles into the substrate, thereby adhesion between the nanoparticles and the substrate. Here we investigate the feasibility of forming a wetting layer underneath nanoparticles post-annealing in a system of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on a (100) GaAs substrate by studying the interface structure and composition via Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDXS). Electron Energy-Loss fine structures of the Fe-L3,2 and O-K absorption edges were quantitatively analyzed to gain insight about the compositional gradient of the interface between the nanoparticles and the GaAs substrate. Additionally, real-space density functional theory calculations of the dynamical form factor was performed to confirm the experimental observations. Second, the fundamental mechanisms that govern the onset of dewetting of thin metal films in both liquid and solid state are investigated. Dewetting processes are used in numerous technological applications. For instance, the dewetting of thin films on substrates is used for making spatially ordered nanoparticle arrays for use in plasmonics, nanophotonics, and magnetics. [1] In addition to dewetting applications in industry and research, dewetting processes have adverse impact on the reliability of semiconductor devices as it can limit the functionality of metal contacts utilized in transistors at elevated temperatures. The morphological changes during dewetting have been studied previously in plan-view by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) after the annealing is completed, and in some cases in cross-section via real-time Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). However, due to temporal limitations of image acquisition in TEM, which is in the range of milliseconds, it has not been possible thus far to investigate the dynamics of the dewetting process with high-speed time resolution from nano- to micro-seconds. To gain insights into the fundamental mechanisms involved in dewetting, the early stages of the dewetting process were investigated via Dynamic Transmission Electron Microscopy (DTEM) with nanosecond time and nanometer spatial resolution. The experiments were performed on plan-view TEM samples consisting of nickel thin-films on (100) silicon substrates with a 2-3 nm thick native oxide. The laser ablation dynamics were captured, which involved liquid phase dewetting of the nickel film followed by substrate fracture and nanoscale particle expulsion. Finally, to capture the full dynamics of the dewetting process the experiments were performed on a system of nickel thin-films on (100) Strontium Titanate (STO) substrates. Samples of nickel thin-films on STO substrates have lower thermal expansion coefficient mismatch compared to the system discussed above. Thus, the STO substrates did not fracture after laser irradiation and enabled us to capture the progress of hole growth with time. Valence Electron Energy Loss spectroscopy was used to find the thickness of the TEM sample in order to calculate the geometry and simulate the temperature fields via finite element analysis with COMSOL Multiphysics package. Spatio-temporal temperature plots acquired from finite element modeling suggests that both liquid and solid-state dewetting processes were observed depending upon the magnitude of the laser energy used.
Author : Victor M. Starov
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420016172
Total Pages : 542 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Wetting and Spreading Dynamics written by Victor M. Starov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-02 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetting and Spreading Dynamics explains wetting phenomena when a liquid partially or completely wets solid or immiscible liquid surfaces. Written for both newcomers and experienced researchers in the field, the book uses principles and terminology from colloid science, fluid mechanics, and thermodynamics to solve equilibrium and dynamic prob
Author : David C. Venerus
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107129206
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)
Download or read book A Modern Course in Transport Phenomena written by David C. Venerus and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating nonequilibrium thermodynamics and kinetic theory, this unique text presents a novel approach to the subject of transport phenomena.
Author : S. Kalliadasis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3211698078
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (116 download)
Download or read book Thin Films of Soft Matter written by S. Kalliadasis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-21 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed overview and comprehensive analysis of the main theoretical and experimental advances on free surface thin film and jet flows of soft matter. The book outlines the basic equations and boundary conditions and the derivation of low-dimensional models for the evolution of the free surface. At the experimental front, a variety of recent experimental developments is outlined and the link between theory and experiments is illustrated.
Author : Vilhjalmur Ludviksson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Dynamics of Thin Liquid Films written by Vilhjalmur Ludviksson and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
