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Effects Of The Multi Fibre Arrangement On Developing Countries Trade An Empirical Investigation
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Book Synopsis Effects of the multi-fibre arrangement on developing countries trade : an empirical investigation by : Refik Erzan
Download or read book Effects of the multi-fibre arrangement on developing countries trade : an empirical investigation written by Refik Erzan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1989 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rather than ease up, the MFA has been getting tougher on most developing country exporters of textiles and clothing. Trade gains for new exporters (except for marginal suppliers) due to MFA have been exaggerated; main beneficiaries were the domestic producers in industrial countries.
Book Synopsis Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Countries by : Junʼichi Gotō
Download or read book Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Countries written by Junʼichi Gotō and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1988 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multifibre Arrangement (MFA), the most important restriction on textile and clothing exports, has damaging effects on many less developed countries, both in the short and long run.
Book Synopsis Textiles Trade and the Developing Countries by : Carl Hamilton
Download or read book Textiles Trade and the Developing Countries written by Carl Hamilton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers contained in this volume deal with two central issues. The first is the positive question of the effects of the Multifibre Arrangement (MFA) on developing countries. The second is the normative question of how to phase out the MFA and integrate textiles and clothing trade in the normal GATT rules in the context of the current Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations. The major effects of the MFA considered are the direct, trade-restricting effects of the bilateral quotas, their effects on prices of textiles and clothing in restricted and unrestricted markets, and hence on national and global welfare; the effects on fiber trade; the various inefficiencies introduced by the MFA and its administration; and finally, the implications of the arrangement for growth in the developing economies. These effects are discussed at a general level in the first part of this report. The second part contains a discussion of the effects of the MFA on particular countries. In considering the options for reforming the MFA, it was recognized that the successive arrangements reflected the pressures placed on governments by powerful interest groups, and that these pressures had to be taken into account in formulating proposals for policy reform. In this context a wide range of reform proposals was considered.
Book Synopsis Analysing the Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Country Exporters by : W. J. Martin
Download or read book Analysing the Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Country Exporters written by W. J. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Multi-fibre Arrangement and the UK Economy by : Aubrey Silberston
Download or read book The Multi-fibre Arrangement and the UK Economy written by Aubrey Silberston and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Multi-fibre Arrangement and China's Growth Prospects by : John Whalley
Download or read book The Multi-fibre Arrangement and China's Growth Prospects written by John Whalley and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sewing Success? by : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
Download or read book Sewing Success? written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the MFA was followed by rising apparel exports, falling prices, and a reallocation of production and employment between countries. There were also significant changes within countries. The first main finding of this report is that export and employment patterns after the MFA/ATC did not necessarily match predictions. While many predicted that production would shift to low-wage countries, this book shows that only 13 percent of variation in export changes post-MFA can be explained by the differences in wage levels. Second, changes in exports are usually, but not always, good indicators of what happens to wages and employment within countries. This is especially important for policy because it shows that simply using exports as a metric of 'success' in terms of helping the poor is not sufficient. Third, the Book identifies the specific ways that changes in the global apparel market affected earnings. The Book shows that wage premiums change in predictable ways: rising (in most cases) in countries that were proactive in adapting to the MFA phase-out and expanded their market shares, and falling in countries that failed to respond in a timely fashion to the changing environment. The Book shows that promoting 'upgrading' (defined as shifting to higher-value goods, shifting up the value chain, or 'modernizing' production techniques) seems to be necessary for sustainable competitiveness in the apparel sector but does not necessarily help the poor. Policies that support upgrading need to be complemented with targeted workforce development to make sure that the most vulnerable workers are not left behind. Having a vision for the evolution of the apparel sector that incorporates developing worker skills seems crucial. Otherwise, less-skilled workers could miss out on opportunities to gain valuable work experience in manufacturing.
Book Synopsis Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Countries by : Junichi Goto
Download or read book Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Countries written by Junichi Goto and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Potential Effects of a North American Free Trade Agreement on Apparel Investment in CBERA Countries : Report to the United States Trade Representative on Investigation No. 332-321 by : United States International Trade Commission
Download or read book Potential Effects of a North American Free Trade Agreement on Apparel Investment in CBERA Countries : Report to the United States Trade Representative on Investigation No. 332-321 written by United States International Trade Commission and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book USITC Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Economic Effects of Significant U.S. Import Restraints by :
Download or read book The Economic Effects of Significant U.S. Import Restraints written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Potential Effects of a North American Free Trade Agreement on Apparel Investment in CBERA Countries by : William Warlick
Download or read book Potential Effects of a North American Free Trade Agreement on Apparel Investment in CBERA Countries written by William Warlick and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1995-11 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the potential effects of providing duty-free and quota-free treatment to U.S. imports of apparel from Mexico under a NAFTA on (1) the levels of apparel investment in CBERA countries and (2) the competitiveness of U.S. apparel operations in these countries. Tables.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Globalization by : Satya Dev Gupta
Download or read book The Political Economy of Globalization written by Satya Dev Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization is transforming the world at an accelerated pace. Integration of the world continues, widening and intensifying international linkages in economic, political and social relations. Liberalization of trade and fmance, lubricated by revolutionary changes in information technology, has resulted in significant economic growth at the global level. On the other hand, the process of globalization is changing the nature of production relations, threatening the traditional roles of the nation-state, and carrying with it far-reaching implications for sustainable growth, development and the environment. Although both developed and developing countries are actively participating in this saga of globalization, nearly ninety countries, as the United Nations' Human Development Report, 1996 indicates, are worse off economically than they were ten years ago, leading to "global polarization" between haves and have nots. The report further indicates that the gap between the per capita incomes of the industrialized world and the developing countries, far from narrowing, has more than tripled during the last thirty years. Further, a majority of the countries benefitting from this globalization drive have seen a rise in inequality and poverty. This failure of market driven globalization to reward the benefits equitably led the United Nations to proclaim 1996 as the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty (IYEP) and the decade of 1997-2006 as the international decade for the eradication of poverty, and to promote "people-centered sustainable development".
Book Synopsis The Restrictiveness of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement on Eastern European Trade by :
Download or read book The Restrictiveness of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement on Eastern European Trade written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of American Trade Policy by : Anne O. Krueger
Download or read book The Political Economy of American Trade Policy written by Anne O. Krueger and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1996-02-15 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In eight parallel analytical histories of the automobile, steel, semiconductor, lumber, wheat, and textile and apparel industries, the contributors demonstrate that trade barriers rarely have unequivocal benefits and may indeed be counterproductive in the long run. They also find that the political and administrative criteria for awarding protection do not take into account the interests of final consumers, other American industries, or foreign countries.
Book Synopsis The Economic Effects of Significant U.S. Import Restraints, 2002, Inv. 332-325 by :
Download or read book The Economic Effects of Significant U.S. Import Restraints, 2002, Inv. 332-325 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Managing Restructuring in the Textile and Garment Subsector by : Saha Dhevan Meyanathan
Download or read book Managing Restructuring in the Textile and Garment Subsector written by Saha Dhevan Meyanathan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary edition. The full report analyzes the issues affecting income security for the elderly in both developing and industrial nations. Systems providing financial security for the old are under increasing strain throughout the world. Changing demographics have led to an increased proportion of old people in the general population. Traditional means of support for the old, such as extended families, are weakening. Meanwhile, formal systems, such as government-backed pensions, have proven unstable. For these reasons economists, policymakers, and government officials are exploring ways to address such issues as: *How to ensure financial security for the old and the best ways of paying for such security *The roles of the public and private sectors when systems are used to enhance rather than detract from economic growth. This study, the first comprehensive and global examination of old age security, addresses such issues. It identifies three functions of old age financial security programs--redistribution, saving, and insurance. It evaluates the policy options for meeting these functions using two criteria: their impact on the aged and their impact on the economy as a whole. The study suggests that financial security for the old and economic growth would be better served if governments relied on three systems: 1) A publicly managed system with mandatory participation and the limited goal of reducing poverty among the old 2) A privately managed mandatory savings system 3) A voluntary savings system. These three systems would ensure against the many risks of old age. The study concludes that a combination of different income security policies is more effective than any single approach and that all countries should begin planning for their aging populations now. Published for the World Bank by Oxford University Press. Also available: Averting the Old Age Crisis (Full report) (ISBN 0-19-520996-6) Stock No. 60996; Averting the Old Age Crisis (Spanish edition) (ISBN 0-8213-2844-1) Stock No. 12844; Averting the Old Age Crisis Database (diskettes) (ISBN 0-8213-3032-2) Stock No. 13032; Averting the Old Age Crisis Summary (French) (ISBN 0-8213-3001-2) Stock No. 13001; Averting the Old Age Crisis Summary (Spanish) (ISBN 0-8213-2971-5) Stock No. 12971.
