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Effects Of Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide On The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis At The Host Plant Plant Community And Ecosystem Level
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Book Synopsis Effects of Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide on the Arbuscular-mycorrhizal Symbiosis at the Host Plant, Plant Community, and Ecosystem Level by :
Download or read book Effects of Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide on the Arbuscular-mycorrhizal Symbiosis at the Host Plant, Plant Community, and Ecosystem Level written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Carbon Dioxide, Populations, and Communities by : Fakhri A. Bazzaz
Download or read book Carbon Dioxide, Populations, and Communities written by Fakhri A. Bazzaz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-07-17 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In past decades and in association with a continuing global industrial development, the global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has been rising. Among the many predictions made concerning this disturbing trend is global warming sufficient to melt polar ice-caps thereby dramatically altering existing shorelines. This book will help fill an obvious gap in the carbon dioxide debate by substituting date for speculation. * * Includes contributions from leading authorities around the world * Serves as a companion to Carbon Dioxide and Terrestrial Ecosystems * The first book of its kind to explore evolutionary responses of both populations and communities to elevated carbon dioxide
Book Synopsis Carbon Dioxide and Environmental Stress by : Luo Yiqi
Download or read book Carbon Dioxide and Environmental Stress written by Luo Yiqi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-04-13 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the interactive effects of environmental stresses with plant and ecosystem functions, especially with respect to changes in the abundance of carbon dioxide. The interaction of stresses with elevated carbon dioxide are presented from the cellular through whole plant ecosystem level. The book carefully considers not only the responses of the above-ground portion of the plant, but also emphasizes the critical role of below-ground (rhizosphere) components (e.g., roots, microbes, soil) in determining the nature and magnitude of these interactions. * Will rising CO2 alter the importance of environmental stress in natural and agricultural ecosystems?* Will environmental stress on plants reduce their capacity to remove CO2 from the atmosphere?* Are some stresses more important than others as we concern ourselves with global change?* Can we develop predictive models useful for scientists and policy-makers?* Where should future research efforts be focused?
Book Synopsis Direct Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide on Vegetation by : Boyd R. Strain
Download or read book Direct Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide on Vegetation written by Boyd R. Strain and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon dioxide (CO2) enhancement of plant growth is one important direct effect of rising atmospheric CO2. Through photosynthesis, plants produce food and fiber from light and carbon assimilated as CO2 and form the foundation of the Earth's life support system. Rising atmospheric CO2 is thus an essential input to the food-producing process, and effects of CO2 enrichment described in this document have far-reaching implications for agricultural and ecological productivity. Establishing an empirical foundation of plant response to more CO2 and developing the capability to predict crop and ecosystem responses to CO2 enrichment are research goals that have been pursued in the DOE-led program. This State-of-the-Art report on the direct effects of CO2 on vegetation summarizes the current state of knowledge; it identifies uncertainties and suggests where more research is needed to assure understanding and delineates data and modeling requirements for future predictions. Important progress has been made over the past 5 years since the plant science community urged that more attention be given to direct effects of CO2 enrichment. Enhanced plant growth and yield from more CO2 is now widely recognized in different scientific and public sectors as an important element of the CO2 problem. While there have been gains in knowledge about a few crop plants, considerable ignorance remains about responses of native species and ecosystems to CO2 enrichment. Only a few native species or ecosystem types have been investigated. Competition among species in relation to CO2-induced growth differences is essentially unknown. Many interactions involving CO2 enrichment and other physical and biological variables affecting plant growth have not been studied. Among the physiological processes directly affected by CO2 that are not well understood are those involving net transpiration and whole-plant water use, where CO2 reduces stomatal conductance but increases leaf size. Nutrient requirements to sustain increased photosynthesis and growth at enriched levels of CO2 are not understood. This State-of-the-Art volume examines some key responses and identifies research needed to resolve these and other key unknowns.
Book Synopsis Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in an Agricultural Model Grassland by : Hannes Gamper
Download or read book Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in an Agricultural Model Grassland written by Hannes Gamper and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Root Physiology: from Gene to Function by : Hans Lambers
Download or read book Root Physiology: from Gene to Function written by Hans Lambers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-03 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade, enormous progress has been made on the physiology of plant roots, including on a wide range of molecular aspects. Much of that progress has been captured in the chapters of this book. Breakthroughs have been made possible through integration of molecular and whole-plant aspects. The classical boundaries between physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology have vanished. There has been a strong focus on a limited number of model species, including Arabidopsis thaliana. That focus has allowed greater insight into the significance of specific genes for plant development and functioning. However, many species are very different from A. thaliana, in that they are mycorrhizal, develop a symbiosis with N2-fixing microsymbionts, or have other specialised root structures. Also, some have a much greater capacity to resist extreme environments, such as soil acidity, salinity, flooding or heavy-metal toxicities, due to specific adaptations. Research on species other than A. thaliana is therefore pivotal, to develop new knowledge in plant sciences in a comprehensive manner. This fundamental new knowledge can be the basis for important applications in, e.g., agriculture and plant conservation. Although significant progress has been made, much remains to be learnt. It is envisaged that discoveries made in the recent past will likely lead to major breakthroughs in the next decade.
Book Synopsis Seasonal and Host-specific Responses of Arbuscular-mycorrhizal Fungi to Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen by : Julie Wolf
Download or read book Seasonal and Host-specific Responses of Arbuscular-mycorrhizal Fungi to Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen written by Julie Wolf and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Root Biology written by Bhoopander Giri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book ‘Root Biology’ written by experts in the field, covers latest research on cellular, genetic, physiological and ecological developmental facets of root growth as well as the interaction of root with an array of microbes whether for the establishment of symbiosis, increasing plant growth or protecting plant from pathogens/attackers. Plant roots provide an excellent model to study physiological, developmental and metabolic processes at a system level. Root system architecture - an excellent creation of nature, is closely interconnected with the availability of soil nutrients. Several strategies including biotechnological interventions are gaining interest and importance for sustainable food production and enhanced resource acquisition. Such strategies have largely focused on root traits for efficient utilization of soil resources. The biotechnological application of root biology is expected to promote the production of food while maintaining ecologically and economically sustainable production systems. With a fortune of information on technical and experimental aspects useful in the laboratory, this extensive book is a valuable resource for researchers, academician and students in the broad field of microbiology, plant and fungal biology.
Book Synopsis Plant Responses to Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Transmission to Other Trophic Levels . Final Report by :
Download or read book Plant Responses to Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Transmission to Other Trophic Levels . Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This program investigated how host plant responses to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide may be transmitted to other trophic levels, especially leaf eating insects, and alter consumption of leaves and impare their function. Study results included the following findings: increased carbon dioxide to plants alters feeding by insect herbivores; leaves produced under higher carbon conditions contain proportionally less nitrogen; insect herbivores may have decreased reproduction under elevated carbon dioxide.
Book Synopsis Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 on Root Growth, Turnover and Decomposition in a Scrub Oak Ecosystem by : John Joseph DiLustro
Download or read book Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 on Root Growth, Turnover and Decomposition in a Scrub Oak Ecosystem written by John Joseph DiLustro and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Plus Chronic Warming on Plant Nitrogen Relations and Leaf Hyponasty by : Dileepa Madushanka Jayawardena
Download or read book Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Plus Chronic Warming on Plant Nitrogen Relations and Leaf Hyponasty written by Dileepa Madushanka Jayawardena and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric carbon-dioxide (CO2) enrichment is largely the cause of current global warming. Hence, in the future, organisms will experience the interactive effects of elevated CO2 (eCO2) and chronic warming rather than their individual effects. Though individual effects of eCO2 or chronic warming on plant responses have been studied in some detail, interactive effects of eCO2 and chronic warming on plant responses such as nitrogen (N) relations (uptake, translocation, assimilation) and leaf hyponasty (upward bending of leaves) have been rarely studied. Therefore, the goals of my dissertation work included (1) investigation of eCO2 plus chronic warming on plant N relations, using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Big Boy) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glenn) followed by a meta-analytic review, and (2) investigation of eCO2 plus chronic warming on leaf hyponasty and subsequent effects of hyponasty on plant growth, using tomato and other economically-important species. These goals were achieved by growing plants in a full-factorial experimental design, using two levels of CO2 (ambient vs. elevated) and two temperature regimes (near-optimal vs. supra-optimal) in controlled-environment growth chambers. In all experimental trials conducted, eCO2 plus warming inhibited tomato vegetative growth, whereas warming alone inhibited growth to a smaller extent, and eCO2 alone increased growth. One potential reason for inhibition of plant growth at eCO2 plus warming could be the observed increase in leaf hyponasty. Warming or eCO2 alone caused modest leaf hyponasty, whereas eCO2 plus warming caused severe leaf hyponasty, which correlated with decreased leaf area and biomass. This could be explained by decreased light interception, and thus in situ photosynthesis, as leaves became more vertically-oriented. Severe hyponasty driven by eCO2 plus warming was observed only in the compound-leaved species tested, but not in the simple-leaved species tested. Tomato plants grown at eCO2 plus warming also had the lowest nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) -uptake rates, as well as the lowest root-to-shoot net-N translocation. Moreover, eCO2 plus warming decreased whole-plant N assimilation in tomato, which was mainly driven by the inhibition of whole-plant NO3- assimilation. However, tomato plants grown at eCO2 plus warming had higher in vitro activities of key N-assimilation enzymes (an index of assimilation capacity) and higher % carbon (C) and N levels in roots, indicating that inhibition of N assimilation was not due to the damage to these enzymes nor due to resource limitation for root functions. Thus, in tomato, eCO2 plus warming may decrease N uptake and assimilation in large part because of reduced whole-plant growth, and thus N demand, caused by leaf hyponasty. In wheat, plant growth, %N, protein concentration, and root N-uptake rates were each significantly affected only by CO2, while N- and NO3--assimilation were significantly affected only by warming. However, plants grown at eCO2 plus warming had the lowest concentrations of N and protein, and, hence, lower nutritional quality, with decreased protein concentration at eCO2 plus warming likely due to the inhibition of N assimilation. A comprehensive meta-analysis of the effects of eCO2 plus warming on plant N relations further supported the above-mentioned experimental observations. According to the meta-analysis, eCO2 alone or in combination with warming reduced shoot %N (more so at ≥300 vs.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Carbon Dioxide and Other Greenhouse Gases on Forest Ecosystems by :
Download or read book The Impact of Carbon Dioxide and Other Greenhouse Gases on Forest Ecosystems written by and published by CABI. This book was released on 2001 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a review, written by international forest scientists, of what is known about the impact of elevated CO2 and other greenhouse gases, on forest ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide by : Zoltan Tuba
Download or read book Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide written by Zoltan Tuba and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-08-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of rising levels of greenhouse gases—and the global consequences for crops! Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas that causes global warming and directly impacts every aspect of plant life and indirectly impacts animal and human life. Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have risen dramatically over the past century, and though this could mean opportunities for better growth and increased yield of certain crops, other factors like weather extremes and changes to plant physiology may mitigate the positive effects. Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide comprehensively analyzes every aspect of crop responses to increasing carbon dioxide as well as their productional significance for the world. Changes in the growth rate and yield of crops are explored, with attention given to the consequences of coming weather changes on production and the expected economic impact. Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide takes the data gleaned from careful research to provide an in-depth vision of the impact of carbon dioxide on global temperatures, plant physiology, and the ecological and economic future of our world. Respected authorities thoroughly discuss the research detailing the complete range of issues from plant growth under increased carbon dioxide levels to the impact of rising air temperatures to the evolving ecophysiological responses within various crops. Extensive references provide opportunities for further research while detailed tables and graphs clearly illustrate data. Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide explores the effects of carbon dioxide enrichment on: plants, crops, and vegetation—is it beneficial? growth, yield, and photosynthetic responses in rice the photosynthetic capacity and productivity of rice under field conditions—and the role of nitrogen fertilization forage and grain nitrogen content potato crops crop responses including interaction with temperature the growth of maize different agricultural systems around the world—such as central and southeastern Europe, northern climates, Sudan, citrus-growing regions, and others the production ecophysiology of Hungarian green pepper and much more! The impending changes in our world make Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide a valuable text for educators and postgraduate students in the field of plant ecology and crop production and an essential resource for researchers in the fields of plant ecology, ecophysiology, agricultural crop production, and environmental sciences.
Book Synopsis Arbuscular Mycorrhizae by : A. K. Sharma (scientist.)
Download or read book Arbuscular Mycorrhizae written by A. K. Sharma (scientist.) and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid progress has been made in arbuscular mycorrhizal research and in the understanding of the early events in colonization and host-induced changes. These developments, and those in the realm of rhizosphere, have produced a challenging scenario for future research, which is discussed here.
Book Synopsis Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Ozone on Tree-insect-parasitoid Interactions by : M. Kim Holton
Download or read book Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Ozone on Tree-insect-parasitoid Interactions written by M. Kim Holton and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interactive Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration with Nutrient Availability and Leaf Development on Plant Carbon Metabolism by :
Download or read book Interactive Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration with Nutrient Availability and Leaf Development on Plant Carbon Metabolism written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fungi in Biogeochemical Cycles by : Geoffrey Michael Gadd
Download or read book Fungi in Biogeochemical Cycles written by Geoffrey Michael Gadd and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-04 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book promotes further understanding of the contribution that fungi make to the biogeochemical cycling of elements, the chemical and biological mechanisms involved, and their environmental and biotechnological significance.
