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Education And Income In The Early 20th Century
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Book Synopsis Education and Income in the Early 20th Century by : Claudia Dale Goldin
Download or read book Education and Income in the Early 20th Century written by Claudia Dale Goldin and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present the first estimates of the returns to years of schooling before 1940 using a large sample of men and women, employed in a variety of sectors and occupations, from the Iowa State Census of 1915. We find that the returns to a year of high school, and to a year of college, were substantial in 1915 - about 11 percent for all males and in excess of 12 percent for young males. Some of the return to years of high school and college arose because more education allowed individuals to enter lucrative white-collar jobs. But we also find sizable educational wage differentials within the white- and blue-collar sectors. Returns to education above the 'common school' grades were substantial even within the agricultural sector. Given the high overall rate of return to secondary schooling, it is no wonder that the 'high school movement' took root in America around 1910, even in agricultural areas such as Iowa. Census data for 1940, 1950, and 1960 are used to show that returns to years of schooling were greater in 1915 than in 1940. We conclude that the return to education decreased sometime between 1915 and 1940 and then declined again during the 1940s
Book Synopsis Human Capital in History by : Leah Platt Boustan
Download or read book Human Capital in History written by Leah Platt Boustan and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume honours the contributions Claudia Goldin has made to scholarship and teaching in economic history and labour economics. The chapters address some closely integrated issues: the role of human capital in the long-term development of the American economy, trends in fertility and marriage, and women's participation in economic change.
Book Synopsis The Race between Education and Technology by : Claudia Goldin
Download or read book The Race between Education and Technology written by Claudia Goldin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a careful historical analysis of the co-evolution of educational attainment and the wage structure in the United States through the twentieth century. The authors propose that the twentieth century was not only the American Century but also the Human Capital Century. That is, the American educational system is what made America the richest nation in the world. Its educational system had always been less elite than that of most European nations. By 1900 the U.S. had begun to educate its masses at the secondary level, not just in the primary schools that had remarkable success in the nineteenth century. The book argues that technological change, education, and inequality have been involved in a kind of race. During the first eight decades of the twentieth century, the increase of educated workers was higher than the demand for them. This had the effect of boosting income for most people and lowering inequality. However, the reverse has been true since about 1980. This educational slowdown was accompanied by rising inequality. The authors discuss the complex reasons for this, and what might be done to ameliorate it.
Book Synopsis Trends in Health, Education and Income in the United States, 1820-2000 by : Crawford Hoyt Bleakley
Download or read book Trends in Health, Education and Income in the United States, 1820-2000 written by Crawford Hoyt Bleakley and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We document the correlations between early childhood health (as proxied by height) and educational attainment and investigate the labor market and wealth returns to height for United States cohorts born between 1820 and 1990. The 19th century was characterized by low investments in height and education, a small correlation between height and education, and positive but small returns for both height and education. The relationship between height and education was stronger in the 20th century and stronger in the first part of the 20th century than later on (when both investments in education and height stalled), but never as strong as in developing countries. The labor market and wealth returns to height and education also were higher in the 20th compared to the 19th century. We relate our findings to the theory of human capital formation and speculate that the greater importance of physical labor in the 19th century economy, which raised the opportunity cost of schooling, may have depressed the height-education relationship relative to the 20th century. Our findings are consistent with an increasing importance of cognitive abilities acquired in early childhood.
Book Synopsis The Returns to Skill in the United States Across the Twentieth Century by : Claudia Goldin
Download or read book The Returns to Skill in the United States Across the Twentieth Century written by Claudia Goldin and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Economic inequality is higher today than it has been since 1939, as measured by both the wage structure and wealth inequality. But the comparison between 1939 and 1999 is largely made out of necessity; the 1940 U.S. population census was the first to inquire of wage and salary income and education. We address what the returns to skill were prior to 1940 and piece together the first century-long history of skill premiums, the dispersion of the wage structure, and returns to formal schooling. We use the 1915 Iowa State Census, a remarkable and unique document, as well as several less-obscure but untapped reports. Using all of these sources, we find that the wage structure narrowed at several moments in the first half of the 20th century, not just in the 1940s, both coinciding with major economic disruptions brought about by war. The returns to education were in fact higher in 1914 than in 1939, and the enormous expansion in secondary schooling beginning in the 1910s was a contributing factor to the decrease in educational returns. Inequality and the returns to education across the entire century, therefore, first declined before their more recent and steep ascent.
Book Synopsis Radicalism and Education Reform in 20th-Century China by : Suzanne Pepper
Download or read book Radicalism and Education Reform in 20th-Century China written by Suzanne Pepper and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-07-10 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive book to cover the whole sweep of twentieth-century Chinese education.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Labor Economics by : Orley Ashenfelter
Download or read book Handbook of Labor Economics written by Orley Ashenfelter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-11-18 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to the continually evolving field of labour economics.
Book Synopsis Understanding Long-Run Economic Growth by : Dora L. Costa
Download or read book Understanding Long-Run Economic Growth written by Dora L. Costa and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conditions for sustainable growth and development are among the most debated topics in economics, and the consensus is that institutions matter greatly in explaining why some economies are more successful than others over time. This book explores the relationship between economic conditions, growth, and inequality.
Book Synopsis 120 Years of American Education by :
Download or read book 120 Years of American Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 120 years of American education : a statistical portrait by :
Download or read book 120 years of American education : a statistical portrait written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1993 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inequality and Institutions in 20th Century America by : Frank Levy
Download or read book Inequality and Institutions in 20th Century America written by Frank Levy and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We provide a comprehensive view of widening income inequality in the United States contrasting conditions since 1980 with those in earlier postwar years. We argue that the income distribution in each period was strongly shaped by a set of economic institutions. The early postwar years were dominated by unions, a negotiating framework set in the Treaty of Detroit, progressive taxes, and a high minimum wage -- all parts of a general government effort to broadly distribute the gains from growth. More recent years have been characterized by reversals in all these dimensions in an institutional pattern known as the Washington Consensus. Other explanations for income disparities including skill-biased technical change and international trade are seen as factors operating within this broader institutional story.
Book Synopsis Health, Education and Income in the United States, 1820-2000 by : Hoyt Bleakley
Download or read book Health, Education and Income in the United States, 1820-2000 written by Hoyt Bleakley and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We document the correlations between early childhood health (as proxied by height) and educational attainment and investigate the labor market and wealth returns to height for United States cohorts born between 1820 and 1990. The nineteenth century was characterized by low investments in height and education, a small correlation between height and education, and positive but small returns for both height and education. The relationship between height and education was stronger in the twentieth century and stronger in the first part of the twentieth century than later on (when both investments in education and height stalled), but never as strong as in developing countries. The labor market and wealth returns to height and education also were higher in the twentieth compared to the nineteenth century. We relate our findings to the theory of human capital formation and speculate that the greater importance of physical labor in the nineteenth century economy, which raised the opportunity cost of schooling, may have depressed the height-education relationship relative to the twentieth century. Our findings are consistent with an increasing importance of cognitive abilities acquired in early childhood.
Book Synopsis The Training of the Urban Working Class by : Paul C. Violas
Download or read book The Training of the Urban Working Class written by Paul C. Violas and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Basic Income written by Torry, Malcolm and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-08-27 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a truly comprehensive history of Basic Income, Malcolm Torry explores the evolution of the concept of a regular unconditional income for every individual, as well as examining other types of income as they relate to its history. Examining the beginnings of the modern debate at the end of the eighteenth century right up to the current global discussion, this book draws on a vast array of original historical sources and serves as both an in-depth study of, and introduction to, Basic Income and its history.
Book Synopsis Definitive Readings in the History, Philosophy, Theories and Practice of Career and Technical Education by : Wang, Victor X.
Download or read book Definitive Readings in the History, Philosophy, Theories and Practice of Career and Technical Education written by Wang, Victor X. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2010-07-31 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Definitive Readings in the History, Philosophy, Theories and Practice of Career and Technical Education brings together definitive writings on CTE by leading figures and by contemporary thinkers in the history, philosophy, practice and theories of the field. Filling a much needed void in existing literature, this book equips scholars and practitioners with knowledge, skills, and attitudes to succeed in the field of CTE.
Book Synopsis Education: A Very Short Introduction by : Gary Thomas
Download or read book Education: A Very Short Introduction written by Gary Thomas and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-03-28 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the schools of ancient times to the present day, Gary Thomas looks at how and why education evolved as it has. By exploring some of the big questions, he examines the ways in which schools work, considers the differences around the world, and concludes by considering the future of education worldwide.
Book Synopsis Career and Family by : Claudia Goldin
Download or read book Career and Family written by Claudia Goldin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the author builds on decades of complex research to examine the gender pay gap and the unequal distribution of labor between couples in the home. The author argues that although public and private discourse has brought these concerns to light, the actions taken - such as a single company slapped on the wrist or a few progressive leaders going on paternity leave - are the economic equivalent of tossing a band-aid to someone with cancer. These solutions, the author writes, treat the symptoms and not the disease of gender inequality in the workplace and economy. Here, the author points to data that reveals how the pay gap widens further down the line in women's careers, about 10 to 15 years out, as opposed to those beginning careers after college. She examines five distinct groups of women over the course of the twentieth century: cohorts of women who differ in terms of career, job, marriage, and children, in approximated years of graduation - 1900s, 1920s, 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s - based on various demographic, labor force, and occupational outcomes. The book argues that our entire economy is trapped in an old way of doing business; work structures have not adapted as more women enter the workforce. Gender equality in pay and equity in home and childcare labor are flip sides of the same issue, and the author frames both in the context of a serious empirical exploration that has not yet been put in a long-run historical context. This book offers a deep look into census data, rich information about individual college graduates over their lifetimes, and various records and sources of material to offer a new model to restructure the home and school systems that contribute to the gender pay gap and the quest for both family and career. --
