Ecology and Power in the Age of Empire

Download Ecology and Power in the Age of Empire PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199590419
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ecology and Power in the Age of Empire by : Corey Ross

Download or read book Ecology and Power in the Age of Empire written by Corey Ross and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a wide-ranging environmental history of late-19th and 20th century European imperialism, relating the expansion of modern empire, global trade, and mass consumption to the momentous ecological shifts they entailed and providing a historical background to the social, political, and environmental issues of the twenty-first century

Ecological Form

Download Ecological Form PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
ISBN 13 : 0823282139
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (232 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ecological Form by : Nathan K. Hensley

Download or read book Ecological Form written by Nathan K. Hensley and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2018-12-04 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological Form brings together leading voices in nineteenth-century ecocriticism to suture the lingering divide between postcolonial and ecocritical approaches. Together, these essays show how Victorian thinkers used aesthetic form to engage problems of system, interconnection, and dispossession that remain our own. The authors reconsider Victorian literary structures in light of environmental catastrophe; coordinate “natural” questions with sociopolitical ones; and underscore the category of form as a means for generating environmental—and therefore political—knowledge. Moving from the elegy and the industrial novel to the utopian romance, the scientific treatise, and beyond, Ecological Form demonstrates how nineteenth-century thinkers conceptualized the circuits of extraction and violence linking Britain to its global network. Yet the book’s most pressing argument is that this past thought can be a resource for reimagining the present.

Ecology and Empire

Download Ecology and Empire PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 1474468659
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (744 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ecology and Empire by : Tom Griffiths

Download or read book Ecology and Empire written by Tom Griffiths and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the relationship between the expansion of empire and the environmental experience of the extra-European world.

Impure and Worldly Geography

Download Impure and Worldly Geography PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317118081
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Impure and Worldly Geography by : Gavin Bowd

Download or read book Impure and Worldly Geography written by Gavin Bowd and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropicality is a centuries-old Western discourse that treats otherness and the exotic in binary – ‘us’ and ‘them’ – terms. It has long been implicated in empire and its anxieties over difference. However, little attention has been paid to its twentieth-century genealogy. This book explores this neglected history through the work of Pierre Gourou, one of the century’s foremost purveyors of what anti-colonial writer Aimé Césaire dubbed tropicalité. It explores how Gourou’s interpretations of ‘the nature’ of the tropical world, and its innate difference from the temperate world, were built on the shifting sands of twentieth-century history – empire and freedom, modernity and disenchantment, war and revolution, culture and civilisation, and race and development. The book addresses key questions about the location and power of knowledge by focusing on Gourou’s cultivation of the tropics as a romanticised, networked and affective domain. The book probes what Césaire described as Gourou’s ‘impure and worldly geography’ as a way of opening up interdisciplinary questions of geography, ontology, epistemology, experience and materiality. This book will be of great interest to scholars and students within historical geography, history, postcolonial studies, cultural studies and international relations.

The Oxford World History of Empire

Download The Oxford World History of Empire PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197532748
Total Pages : 585 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Oxford World History of Empire by : Peter Fibiger Bang

Download or read book The Oxford World History of Empire written by Peter Fibiger Bang and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-07 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first world history of empire, reaching from the third millennium BCE to the present. By combining synthetic surveys, thematic comparative essays, and numerous chapters on specific empires, its two volumes provide unparalleled coverage of imperialism throughout history and across continents, from Asia to Europe and from Africa to the Americas. Only a few decades ago empire was believed to be a thing of the past; now it is clear that it has been and remains one of the most enduring forms of political organization and power. We cannot understand the dynamics and resilience of empire without moving decisively beyond the study of individual cases or particular periods, such as the relatively short age of European colonialism. The history of empire, as these volumes amply demonstrate, needs to be drawn on the much broader canvas of global history. Volume I: The Imperial Experience is dedicated to synthesis and comparison. Following a comprehensive theoretical survey and bold world history synthesis, fifteen chapters analyze and explore the multifaceted experience of empire across cultures and through the ages. The broad range of perspectives includes: scale, world systems and geopolitics, military organization, political economy and elite formation, monumental display, law, mapping and registering, religion, literature, the politics of difference, resistance, energy transfers, ecology, memories, and the decline of empires. This broad set of topics is united by the central theme of power, examined under four headings: systems of power, cultures of power, disparities of power, and memory and decline. Taken together, these chapters offer a comprehensive and unique view of the imperial experience in world history.

British Imperialism and Globalization, C. 1650-1960

Download British Imperialism and Globalization, C. 1650-1960 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer
ISBN 13 : 1783276460
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (832 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis British Imperialism and Globalization, C. 1650-1960 by : Gareth Austin

Download or read book British Imperialism and Globalization, C. 1650-1960 written by Gareth Austin and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2022 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the domestic politics of imperial expansion these essays question the role of the Industrial Revolution and British imperial leadership beyond the issue of hierarchy and The Great Divergence. This volume brings together leading global economic historians to honour Patrick O'Brien's contribution to the establishment of global economic history as a coherent and respected field in the academy. Inspired by O'Brien's seminal work on the British Industrial Revolution as a global phenomenon, these essays expand the role of the Industrial Revolution and British imperial leadership beyond the issue of hierarchy and The Great Divergence. The change from the protective Atlantic empire, 1650-1850, to the free trade empire of the last half of the long nineteenth century is elaborated as are the conscious efforts of the free trade empire to develop markets and market economies in Africa. British domestic politics associated with the change and the continuation to the recent politics of Brexit are fascinatingly narrated and documented, including the economic rationale for imperial expansion, in the first instance. The narrative continues to the crises of globalization caused by the world wars and the Great Depression, which forced the free trade British Empire to change course. Further, the effects of the crises and the imperial reaction on the East African colonies and on New Zealand and Australia are examined. Given current concerns about the environmental impact of economic activities, it is noteworthy that this volume includes the environmental impact of globalization in India caused by the free trade policy of the British free trade empire.

Environmental Histories of the First World War

Download Environmental Histories of the First World War PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110862555X
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Environmental Histories of the First World War by : Richard P. Tucker

Download or read book Environmental Histories of the First World War written by Richard P. Tucker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This anthology surveys the ecological impacts of the First World War. Editors Richard P. Tucker, Tait Keller, J. R. McNeill, and Martin Schmidt bring together a list of experienced authors who explore the global interactions of states, armies, civilians, and the environment during the war. They show how the First World War ushered in enormous environmental changes, including the devastation of rural and urban environments, the consumption of strategic natural resources such as metals and petroleum, the impact of war on urban industry, and the disruption of agricultural landscapes leading to widespread famine. Taking a global perspective, Environmental Histories of the First World War presents the ecological consequences of the vast destructive power of the new weaponry and the close collaboration between militaries and civilian governments taking place during this time, showing how this war set trends for the rest of the century.

Profit

Download Profit PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1509533257
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (95 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Profit by : Mark Stoll

Download or read book Profit written by Mark Stoll and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-11-08 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Profit — getting more out of something than you put into it — is the original genius of homo sapiens, who learned how to unleash the energy stored in wood, exploit the land, and refashion ecosystems. As civilization developed, we found more and more ways of extracting surplus value from the earth, often deploying brutally effective methods to discipline people to do the work needed. Historian Mark Stoll explains how capitalism supercharged this process and traces its many environmental consequences. The financial innovations of medieval Italy created trade networks that, with the European discovery of the Americas, made possible vast profits and sweeping cultural changes, to the detriment of millions of slaves and indigenous Americans; the industrial age united the world in trade and led to an energy revolution that changed lives everywhere. But when efficient production left society awash in goods, a new sort of capitalism, predicated on endless individual consumption, took its place. This story of incredible ingenuity and villainy begins in the Doge’s palace in medieval Venice and ends with Jeff Bezos aboard his own spacecraft. Mark Stoll’s revolutionary account places environmental factors at the heart of capitalism’s progress and reveals the long shadow of its terrible consequences.

Carbon Democracy

Download Carbon Democracy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1781681163
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (816 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Carbon Democracy by : Timothy Mitchell

Download or read book Carbon Democracy written by Timothy Mitchell and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A brilliant, revisionist argument that places oil companies at the heart of 20th century history—and of the political and environmental crises we now face.” —Guardian Oil is a curse, it is often said, that condemns the countries producing it to an existence defined by war, corruption and enormous inequality. Carbon Democracy tells a more complex story, arguing that no nation escapes the political consequences of our collective dependence on oil. It shapes the body politic both in regions such as the Middle East, which rely upon revenues from oil production, and in the places that have the greatest demand for energy. Timothy Mitchell begins with the history of coal power to tell a radical new story about the rise of democracy. Coal was a source of energy so open to disruption that oligarchies in the West became vulnerable for the first time to mass demands for democracy. In the mid-twentieth century, however, the development of cheap and abundant energy from oil, most notably from the Middle East, offered a means to reduce this vulnerability to democratic pressures. The abundance of oil made it possible for the first time in history to reorganize political life around the management of something now called “the economy” and the promise of its infinite growth. The politics of the West became dependent on an undemocratic Middle East. In the twenty-first century, the oil-based forms of modern democratic politics have become unsustainable. Foreign intervention and military rule are faltering in the Middle East, while governments everywhere appear incapable of addressing the crises that threaten to end the age of carbon democracy—the disappearance of cheap energy and the carbon-fuelled collapse of the ecological order. In making the production of energy the central force shaping the democratic age, Carbon Democracy rethinks the history of energy, the politics of nature, the theory of democracy, and the place of the Middle East in our common world.

Environment and Empire

Download Environment and Empire PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191566284
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Environment and Empire by : William Beinart

Download or read book Environment and Empire written by William Beinart and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-10-11 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European imperialism was extraordinarily far-reaching: a key global historical process of the last 500 years. It locked disparate human societies together over a wider area than any previous imperial expansion; it underpinned the repopulation of the Americas and Australasia; it was the precursor of globalization as we now understand it. Imperialism was inseparable from the history of global environmental change. Metropolitan countries sought raw materials of all kinds, from timber and furs to rubber and oil. They established sugar plantations that transformed island ecologies. Settlers introduced new methods of farming and displaced indigenous peoples. Colonial cities, many of which became great conurbations, fundamentally changed relationships between people and nature. Consumer cultures, the internal combustion engine, and pollution are now ubiquitous. Environmental history deals with the reciprocal interaction between people and other elements in the natural world, and this book illustrates the diverse environmental themes in the history of empire. Initially concentrating on the material factors that shaped empire and environmental change, Environment and Empire discusses the way in which British consumers and manufacturers sucked in resources that were gathered, hunted, fished, mined, and farmed. Yet it is also clear that British settler and colonial states sought to regulate the use of natural resources as well as commodify them. Conservation aimed to preserve resources by exclusion, as in wildlife parks and forests, and to guarantee efficient use of soil and water. Exploring these linked themes of exploitation and conservation, this study concludes with a focus on political reassertions by colonised peoples over natural resources. In a post-imperial age, they have found a new voice, reformulating ideas about nature, landscape, and heritage and challenging, at a local and global level, views of who has the right to regulate nature.

Oxford Handbook of Commodities History

Download Oxford Handbook of Commodities History PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197502679
Total Pages : 753 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Oxford Handbook of Commodities History by : Stubbs

Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Commodities History written by Stubbs and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Commodities provide a lens through which local and global histories can be understood and written. The study of commodities history follows these goods as they make their way from land and water through processing and trade to eventual consumption. It is a fast-developing field with collaborative, comparative, and interdisciplinary research, with new information technologies becoming increasingly important. Although many individual researchers continue to focus on particular commodities and regions, they often do so in partnership with others working on different areas and employing a range of theoretical and methodological approaches, placing commodities history at the forefront of local and global historical analysis. This Oxford Handbook features contributions from scholars involved in these developments across a range of countries and linguistic regions. They discuss the state of the art in their fields, draw on their own work, and signal lacunae for future research. Each of its 31 chapters focuses on an important thematic area within commodities history: key approaches, global histories, modes of production, people and land, environmental impact, consumption, and new methodologies. Taken together, the Oxford Handbook of Commodities History offers insight into the directions in which commodities history is heading, and the multiple ways in which it can contribute to a better understanding of the world"--

The End of Empires and a World Remade

Download The End of Empires and a World Remade PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691254443
Total Pages : 672 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The End of Empires and a World Remade by : Martin Thomas

Download or read book The End of Empires and a World Remade written by Martin Thomas and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2024-03-19 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A capacious history of decolonization, from the decline of empires to the era of globalization Empires, until recently, were everywhere. They shaped borders, stirred conflicts, and set the terms of international politics. With the collapse of empire came a fundamental reorganization of our world. Decolonization unfolded across territories as well as within them. Its struggles became internationalized and transnational, as much global campaigns of moral disarmament against colonial injustice as local contests of arms. In this expansive history, Martin Thomas tells the story of decolonization and its intrinsic link to globalization. He traces the connections between these two transformative processes: the end of formal empire and the acceleration of global integration, market reorganization, cultural exchange, and migration. The End of Empires and a World Remade shows how profoundly decolonization shaped the process of globalization in the wake of empire collapse. In the second half of the twentieth century, decolonization catalyzed new international coalitions; it triggered partitions and wars; and it reshaped North-South dynamics. Globalization promised the decolonized greater access to essential resources, to wider networks of influence, and to worldwide audiences, but its neoliberal variant has reinforced economic inequalities and imperial forms of political and cultural influences. In surveying these two codependent histories across the world, from Latin America to Asia, Thomas explains why the deck was so heavily stacked against newly independent nations. Decolonization stands alongside the great world wars as the most transformative event of twentieth-century history. In The End of Empires and a World Remade, Thomas offers a masterful analysis of the greatest process of state-making (and empire-unmaking) in modern history.

The Routledge Handbook of Environmental History

Download The Routledge Handbook of Environmental History PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003801951
Total Pages : 677 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Environmental History by : Emily O'Gorman

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Environmental History written by Emily O'Gorman and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-01 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Environmental History presents a cutting-edge overview of the dynamic and ever-expanding field of environmental history. It addresses recent transformations in the field and responses to shifting scholarly, political, and environmental landscapes. The handbook fully and critically engages with recent exciting changes, contextualizes them within longer-term shifts in the field, and charts potential new directions for study. It focuses on five key areas: Theories and concepts related to changing considerations of social justice, including postcolonial, antiracist, and feminist approaches, and the field’s growing emphasis on multiple human voices and agencies. The roles of non-humans and the more-than-human in the telling of environmental histories, from animals and plants to insects as vectors of disease and the influences of water and ice, the changing theoretical approaches and the influence of concepts in related areas such as animal and discard studies. How changes in theories and concepts are shaping methods in environmental history and shifting approaches to traditional sources like archives and oral histories as well as experiments by practitioners with new methods and sources. Responses to a range of current complex problems, such as climate change, and how environmental historians can best help mitigate and resolve these problems. Diverse ways in which environmental historians disseminate their research within and beyond academia, including new modes of research dissemination, teaching, and engagements with stakeholders and the policy arena. This is an important resource for environmental historians, researchers and students in the related fields of political ecology, environmental studies, natural resources management and environmental planning. Chapters 9, 10 and 26 of this book are freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

World Histories from Below

Download World Histories from Below PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350171735
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis World Histories from Below by : Antoinette Burton

Download or read book World Histories from Below written by Antoinette Burton and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-02-10 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History has traditionally privileged elites and their accomplishments. World Histories from Below provides an antidote, placing 'ordinary' people and subordinated subjects at the heart of the themes it explores. Arguing that disruption and dissent are overlooked agents of historical change, it takes a global view of topics including political revolution, religious conversion, labour struggles and body politics. This 2nd edition includes two additional chapters on indigenous peoples, migration and environmental histories from below. With an updated preface, this enhanced text also includes additional images and case studies to grapple with themes that have more recently come to the fore, such as populism and the environment. Offering a study of these themes from 1750 to the present day, World Histories from Below refocuses our entire approach to teaching world history.

The Interwar World

Download The Interwar World PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 100091948X
Total Pages : 735 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Interwar World by : Andrew Denning

Download or read book The Interwar World written by Andrew Denning and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-08-29 with total page 735 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Interwar World collects an international group of over 50 contributors to discuss, analyze, and interpret this crucial period in twentieth-century history. A comprehensive understanding of the interwar era has been limited by Euro-American approaches and strict adherence to the temporal limits of the world wars. The volume’s contributors challenge the era’s accepted temporal and geographic framings by privileging global processes and interactions. Each contribution takes a global, thematic approach, integrating world regions into a shared narrative. Three central questions frame the chapters. First, when was the interwar? Viewed globally, the years 1918 and 1939 are arbitrary limits, and the volume explicitly engages with the artificiality of the temporal framework while closely examining the specific dynamics of the 1920s and 1930s. Second, where was the interwar? Contributors use global history methodologies and training in varied world regions to decenter Euro-American frameworks, engaging directly with the usefulness of the interwar as both an era and an analytical category. Third, how global was the interwar? Authors trace accelerating connections in areas such as public health and mass culture counterbalanced by processes of economic protectionism, exclusive nationalism, and limits to migration. By approaching the era thematically, the volume disaggregates and interrogates the meaning of the ‘global’ in this era. As a comprehensive guide, this volume offers overviews of key themes of the interwar period for undergraduates, while offering up-to-date historiographical insights for postgraduates and scholars interested in this pivotal period in global history.

The Colonial World

Download The Colonial World PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350092436
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (5 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Colonial World by : Robert Aldrich

Download or read book The Colonial World written by Robert Aldrich and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-12-29 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Colonial World: A History of European Empires, 1780s to the Present provides the most authoritative, in-depth overview on European imperialism available. It synthesizes recent developments in the study of European empires and provides new perspectives on European colonialism and the challenges to it. With a post-1800 focus and extensive background coverage tracing the subject to the early 1700s, the book charts the rise and eclipse of European empires. Robert Aldrich and Andreas Stucki integrate innovative approaches and findings from the 'new imperial history' and look at both the colonial era and the legacies it left behind for countries around the world after they gained independence. Dividing the text into three complementary sections, Aldrich and Stucki offer an original approach to the subject that allows you to explore: - Different eras of colonisation and decolonisation from early modern European colonialism to the present day - Overarching themes in colonial history, like 'land and sea', 'the body' and 'representations of colonialism' - A global range of snapshot colonial case studies, such as Peru (1780), India (1876), The South Pacific (1903), the Dutch East Indies (1938) and the Portuguese empire in Africa (1971) This is the essential text for anyone seeking to understand the nature and complexities of modern European imperialism and its aftermath.

Tea Environments and Plantation Culture

Download Tea Environments and Plantation Culture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108610153
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tea Environments and Plantation Culture by : Arnab Dey

Download or read book Tea Environments and Plantation Culture written by Arnab Dey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arnab Dey examines the intersecting role of law, ecology, and agronomy in shaping the history of tea and its plantations in British east India. He suggests that looking afresh at the legal, environmental, and agro-economic aspects of tea production illuminate covert, expedient, and often illegal administrative and commercial dealings that had an immediate and long-term human and environmental impact on the region. Critiquing this imperial commodity's advertised mandate of agrarian modernization in colonial India, Dey points to numerous tea pests, disease ecologies, felled forests, harsh working conditions, wage manipulation, and political resistance as examples of tea's unseemly legacy in the subcontinent. Dey draws together the plant and the plantation in highlighting the ironies of the tea economy and its consequences for the agrarian history of eastern India.