Ebook Successes And Failures Of Health Policy In Europe Four Decades Of Divergent Trends And Converging Challenges

Download Ebook Successes And Failures Of Health Policy In Europe Four Decades Of Divergent Trends And Converging Challenges full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Ebook Successes And Failures Of Health Policy In Europe Four Decades Of Divergent Trends And Converging Challenges ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

EBOOK: Successes and Failures of Health Policy in Europe: Four decades of divergent trends and converging challenges

Author : Johan Mackenbach
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN 13 : 0335247520
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis EBOOK: Successes and Failures of Health Policy in Europe: Four decades of divergent trends and converging challenges by : Johan Mackenbach

Download or read book EBOOK: Successes and Failures of Health Policy in Europe: Four decades of divergent trends and converging challenges written by Johan Mackenbach and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2013-03-16 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last 40 years the health of Europeans overall has improved markedly yet progress has been very uneven from country to country. Successes and Failures of Health Policy in Europe considers the impact health policy has had on population health in Europe. It asks key questions about mortality trends and health policy activity, such as: Do between-country differences in rates of smoking-related diseases reflect differences in tobacco-control policies? What would be a country's health gain if it implemented the policies of the best-performing country? Which social, economic and political factors influence a country's success in health policy? This book fills an important gap by offering a comparative analysis of the successes and failures of health policy in different European countries. In doing so it helps readers identify best practices in health improvement from which other countries can learn. The book explores how policy impact can be quantified and identifies which aspects of policy we can learn from when tackling the determinants of health in our populations. Written by experts and based on the latest evidence-based research, this volume is a must have for policy makers and those working in healthcare as professionals, researchers and students alike.

EBOOK: Facets of Public Health in Europe

Author : Bernd Rechel
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN 13 : 0335264212
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis EBOOK: Facets of Public Health in Europe by : Bernd Rechel

Download or read book EBOOK: Facets of Public Health in Europe written by Bernd Rechel and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2014-08-16 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public health has had positive results in the last two centuries when it comes to reducing the impact and prevalence of infectious disease.However, much remains to be done to reduce non-communicable diseases such as heart disease and cancer, which make up the major disease burden of the WHO European Region. This book takes a broad but detailed approach to public health in Europe and offers the most comprehensive analysis of this region currently available. It considers a huge range of key topics in public health and includes chapters on the following topics: Screening Health Promotion Tackling social determinants of health Health Impact Assessment The Public Health Workforce Public Health Research In addition to these topics and themes the authors consider the existing public health structures, capacities and services across a range of European countries; identifying what needs to be done to strengthen public health action and improve public health outcomes.Reflecting the broad geographical scope of the entire WHO European region this book uses examples from a diverse range of countries to illustrate different approaches to public health. This book is essential reading for anyone studying or working in the field of public health, especially those with an interest in European practice. This title is in the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Series.

EBOOK: Economic Crisis, Health Systems and Health in Europe: Impact and Implications for Policy

Author : Sarah Thomson
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN 13 : 0335264018
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis EBOOK: Economic Crisis, Health Systems and Health in Europe: Impact and Implications for Policy by : Sarah Thomson

Download or read book EBOOK: Economic Crisis, Health Systems and Health in Europe: Impact and Implications for Policy written by Sarah Thomson and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2015-06-16 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic shocks pose a threat to health and health system performance by increasing people’s need for health care and making access to care more difficult – a situation compounded by cuts in public spending on health and other social services. But these negative effects can be avoided by timely public policy action. While important public policy levers lie outside the health sector, in the hands of those responsible for fiscal policy and social protection, the health system response is critical. This book looks at how health systems in Europe reacted to pressure created by the financial and economic crisis that began in 2008. Drawing on the experience of over 45 countries, the authors:  analyse health system responses to the crisis in three policy areas: public funding for the health system; health coverage; and health service planning, purchasing and delivery assess the impact of these responses on health systems and population health identify policies most likely to sustain the performance of health systems facing financial pressure explore the political economy of implementing reforms in a crisis The book is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand the choices available to policy-makers - and the implications of failing to protect health and health-system performance - in the face of economic and other forms of shock.

EBOOK: European Child Health Services and Systems: Lessons without Borders

Author : Ingrid Wolfe
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN 13 : 0335264670
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis EBOOK: European Child Health Services and Systems: Lessons without Borders by : Ingrid Wolfe

Download or read book EBOOK: European Child Health Services and Systems: Lessons without Borders written by Ingrid Wolfe and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2014-02-16 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book will focus on three key aspects of delivery of child health services: service integration and coordination, public health measures, and enhancing the quality of care for children. Taking a child-centric view on understanding how health services and systems work the book aims to contribute towards improving children’s health through deepening the understanding of children’s health services.Focusing primarily on the western European countries the book draws on research conducted with child health leaders in ten countries: Austria, Britain, Finland, France, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, and Sweden. The chapters include clinical scenarios designed to help identify and describe the various ways in which children and their families negotiate health services when dealing with twelve different conditions. Using clinical scenarios in this way allows the book authors to capture the diverse aspects of each health system as well as assessment and analysis of the challenges involved in each, and their successes and failures.

Health disparities in rheumatic diseases: Part II, An Issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America, E-Book

Author : Candace H Feldman
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 032381364X
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Health disparities in rheumatic diseases: Part II, An Issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America, E-Book by : Candace H Feldman

Download or read book Health disparities in rheumatic diseases: Part II, An Issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America, E-Book written by Candace H Feldman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Candace Feldman, is Part II of a two-part issue covering Health Disparities in Rheumatic Diseases. This issue is one of four selected each year by series Consulting Editor, Dr. Michael Weisman. Topics discussed in this issue include, but are not limited to: Disparities in Lupus Care and Outcomes among U.S. Medicaid Beneficiaries, Understanding Risk Factors for Poor Outcomes in a Multiethnic Longitudinal Cohort, Impact of Psychosocial Factors on RA and Lupus Health Disparities, Racial/ethnic and geographic disparities in knee and hip osteoarthritis, Racial/ethnic Disparities in Osteoarthritis Management, Challenges and Strategies to Achieve Equitable Rheumatologic Care Across the World, Strategies to Reduce Disparities, Understanding and Addressing the Provider Biases and the Lack of Diversity in Lupus Clinical Trials, Community-engaged Research: Lupus Conversations, Leveraging Telemedicine as an Approach to Address Rheumatic Disease Health Disparities, and Understanding the Role and Challenges of Patient Preferences in Disparities in Rheumatic Disease Care.

EBOOK: Critical Challenges For Health Care Reform In Europe

Author : Richard B. Saltman
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN 13 : 033523268X
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis EBOOK: Critical Challenges For Health Care Reform In Europe by : Richard B. Saltman

Download or read book EBOOK: Critical Challenges For Health Care Reform In Europe written by Richard B. Saltman and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 1998-10-16 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the central issues driving the present process of healthcare reform in Europe. 17 chapters written by scholars and policy makers from all parts of Europe draw together the available evidence from epidemiology and public health, economics, public policy, organizational behaviour and management theory as well as real world policy making experience, laying out the options that health sector decision-makers confront. Through its cross-disciplinary, cross-national approach, the book highlights the underlying trends that now influence health policy formulation across Europe. An authoritative introduction provides a broad synthesis of present trends and strategies in European health policy.

Trends in EU Health Care Systems

Author : Winfried de Gooijer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387327487
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Trends in EU Health Care Systems by : Winfried de Gooijer

Download or read book Trends in EU Health Care Systems written by Winfried de Gooijer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-20 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nations of the EU have long led the world in universal health coverage. Recent economic developments have created problems ranging from inequities of care to growing numbers of uninsured — a progression analyzed by Win de Gooijer in Trends in EU Health Care Systems. His ideas may be startling, and the book is bound to be controversial. This is critical reading for health care managers and policymakers, politicians and insurors - anyone looking to Europe to understand this far-reaching evolution.

Public Health in Europe

Author : Wilhelm Kirch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642188265
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Public Health in Europe by : Wilhelm Kirch

Download or read book Public Health in Europe written by Wilhelm Kirch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the background of the 10 years' existence of the European Public Health Association (EUPHA) the present book deals with the developments and results of European Public Health in Science and Practice. The contributions involve actual aspects and issues of different topics in Public Health: - Health care management and quality assurance in various settings - Health promotion and prevention for different population groups - Health related information and communication - Health care policy and science.

Health in the European Union

Author : Philipa Mladovsky
Publisher : WHO Regional Office Europe
ISBN 13 : 9289041900
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Health in the European Union by : Philipa Mladovsky

Download or read book Health in the European Union written by Philipa Mladovsky and published by WHO Regional Office Europe. This book was released on 2009 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Good health can be considered one of the most fundamental resources for social and economic prosperity. While the goal to improve average levels of population health is important, there has been an increasing focus on disparities at national and European levels. Improvements have been seen over the past few decades in both health status and living and working conditions has widened tremendously in the European Union (EU) and will continue to do so as it goes through the enlargement process. The diversity in living conditions has translated into diversity in patterns of health across the region. Inequalities in income, education, housing and employment affect population health, both directly (for example, good housing reduces risks associated with poor health) and indirectly through psychosocial factors (such as stress). From the life course perspective, individuals are affected by different sets of risks related to disease and illness; certain diseases and causes of health are more likely to affect young people, whereas the majority are associated with older ages. Investigating differences in health status within and between European countries provides the focus of this report. The relationship between living conditions, socioeconomic factors and health is discussed and analysed with the objective of stimulating a debate and policy action for creating a healthier and more equitable society. We aim to present an overview of key issues and not comprehensive literature review or exhaustive analysis of the topics involved.

EBOOK: Nordic Health Care Systems: Recent Reforms and Current Policy Challenges

Author : Jon Magnussen
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN 13 : 0335238149
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis EBOOK: Nordic Health Care Systems: Recent Reforms and Current Policy Challenges by : Jon Magnussen

Download or read book EBOOK: Nordic Health Care Systems: Recent Reforms and Current Policy Challenges written by Jon Magnussen and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2009-09-16 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The book is very valuable as actual information about the health systems in the Nordic countries and the changes that have been made during the last two decades. It informs well both about the similarities within the 'Nordic Health Model' and the important differences that exist between the countries." Bo Könberg, County Governor, Former Minister of Health and Social Insurance in Sweden (1991-94) "This book is a rich, interesting and very useful document. I have been looking, for example, today for precise information on political governing which is not displayed anywhere else. It will be of importance in many aspects!" Johan Calltorp MD PhD, Professor of Health Policy and Management, The Nordic School of Public Health, Gotenburg "The publishing of this book about the Nordic health care systems is a major event for those interested not only in Nordic health policy and health systems but also for everybody interested in comparative health policy and health systems. It is the first book in its kind. It covers the four 'large' Nordic countries, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland, and does so in a very systematically comparative way. The book is well organized, covers 'everything' and is analytically sophisticated." Ole Berg, nstitute of Health Management and health economics, University of Oslo, Norway This book examines recent patterns of health reform in Nordic health care systems, and the balance between stability and change in how these systems have developed. The health systems in Norway, Denmark, Sweden and Finland are investigated through detailed comparisons along a variety of policy-driven parameters. The following themes are explored: Politicians, patients, and professions Financing, production, and distribution The role of the primary health sector The role of public health Internal management mechanisms Impact of the European Union The book probes the impact of these topics and then contrasts the development across all four, allowing the reader to gain a sense of perspective both on the individual countries as well as on the region as a whole. The editors also explore the extent to which a Nordic Health Care Model exists, and the degree to which that model will continue to help explain the future direction of health policy-making in these four countries. An additional chapter on recent developments in Iceland completes the work. Contributors: Tinna L. Ásgeirsdóttir, Paula Blomquist, Johan Calltorp, Terje P. Hagen, Unto Häkkinen, Peter K. Jespersen, Pia M. Jonsson, Lars Erik Kjekshus, Allan Krasnik, Meri Larivaara, Juhani Lehto, Kalevi Luoma, Jon Magnussen, Dorte S. Martinsen, Pål E. Martinussen, Bård Paulsen, Clas Rehnberg, Ånen Ringard, Richard B. Saltman, Signild Vallgårda, Karsten Vrangbæk, Ulrika Winblad, Sirpa Wrede.

EBOOK: The Politics Of European Union Health Policies

Author : Scott Greer
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN 13 : 0335239617
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis EBOOK: The Politics Of European Union Health Policies by : Scott Greer

Download or read book EBOOK: The Politics Of European Union Health Policies written by Scott Greer and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2009-06-16 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Scott Greer has done a remarkable job in explaining how the Europeanization of health policy takes place, how institutional legacies exert an influence in lobbying, how harmonization exacerbates path-dependent welfare structures that in turn impede a 'race to the bottom', and why the idea of a European social model creates positive external effects, even if it is a only an ad hoc policy construction." Journal of European Social Policy 2010 20 (2) "Provides an original and thought-provoking perspective and approach, combining in-depth theoretical discussions and well-researched case studies over 11 chapters...The book is well written and insightful, and the main argument is that EU law and policy developments - directly and indirectly - have the potential of undermining domestic health systems and the political actors within them."Journal of Common Market Studies, 2010 Volume 48. Number 3 "This book provides a unique insight into what is going on, unnoticed by most, 'below the surface' in EU health policy. It serves as a wake-up call for those who continue to believe that the EU is of marginal interest and relevance in national level debates about the direction of health care. In addition, in an engaging and lively style, it provides essential guidance for students of health policy who seek to understand the labyrinthine processes and the wide ranging unintended consequences - for good and for bad - of EU policy making." Professor Naomi Chambers, Head of Health Policy and Management, Manchester Business School “In this insightful book, Scott Greer describes how European health policy has long been developed in a secret garden, where a small number of people find pragmatic solutions to immediate problems while avoiding the fundamental questions … Yet the logic of European integration is tearing down the garden's walls, creating a public park where pragmatism takes second place to principles. Something must be done, but it is not clear what. Greer's book will be essential reading … for anyone who is responsible for organising how health care is delivered in Europe.” Martin McKee CBE, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK This important new book explains how European Union (EU) developed policies shape and constrain health services. It answers the key questions asked of EU health policy: What is it? Why did it happen? What does it take to influence it and how can it be changed? Using extensive new data, Greer discusses how EU policy is influenced by lobbies in Brussels and by four big member states: France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom. Shaping EU health policy takes information, coordination, nimbleness and focus. The book examines the ways that the successful health lobbies and member states work, identifies weaknesses, and emphasizes the challenge to health policymakers: if they do not influence EU health policies, they will lose influence over their own health systems. The Politics of European Union Health Policies will be of great interest to students and academics of EU policy and politics, as well as health policy makers.

European Integration and Health Policy

Author : Panos Minogiannis
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351323989
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis European Integration and Health Policy by : Panos Minogiannis

Download or read book European Integration and Health Policy written by Panos Minogiannis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of European integration on diverse national social policies is still largely unknown. While policy decision making remains at the country level, there is a strong possibility that indirectly, as a result of ideological imperatives and financial constraints, policies will change. National health policy is a case in point. This important volume explores the current and probable effect of European integration on health care protection. Will it tend to encourage all European member states to provide equitable and universal access to quality care? Or is the European integration process likely to lead to social exclusion of some? The high degree of social welfare as a health expectancy holds great significance for decisions in countries like the United States facing similiar pressures for expanded coverage. In answering these questions, Panos Minogiannis examines policies in Greece, France, Germany, and the Netherlands. Minogiannis frames his argument through an exploration of the history of the institutionalization of health care. Chapter 1 explores the nature of challenges that health care faces in an era of integration and the ways in which these challenges have emerged. Chapter 2 discusses centralization of governance in Brussels, describing the structure and relations of different European Union institutions, and their interactions with member states. The final portions of the book, through case studies of the Dutch, French, German, and Greek health reforms, explore the history of the political development of health care institutions with a particular interest in reform proposals in the last fifteen years. Chapter 7 brings together lessons from previous chapters and discusses the dynamics of health policy making in the European Union. Minogiannis concludes that health insurance will most likely remain at the member state level as far as politics are concerned, at least for the present, although policy makers will most likely have to deal with the issue of cross-border health more comprehensively than in the past. Those interested in comparative policy, and in particular health care policy, will find this volume highly informative reading. Those interested in the impact of European integration will find it provocative. Panos Minogiannis is with the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University and is a research associate at the Eisenhower Center.

The European Health Report 2002

Author :
Publisher : WHO Regional Office Europe
ISBN 13 : 9289013656
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The European Health Report 2002 by :

Download or read book The European Health Report 2002 written by and published by WHO Regional Office Europe. This book was released on 2002-07 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European health report responds to the statutory requirements to provide the member states with essential public health information. The report analyses a decade of evidence on health in the Region, which embraces 51 WHO Member States with some 870 million people. While overall levels of health in the Region are among the highest in the world, the report describes widening gaps between and within countries. It confirms the strong links between socioeconomic development, health and equity in the WHO European Region. The report builds on the view that health policies cannot be isolated from other policy sectors: One central task in improving health is to reduce socioeconomic inequalities, thus placing health in the context of human development. The link between health and employment, income maintenance, social welfare, housing and education is crucial in all European Member States. The report focuses on concrete evidence useful for decision-makers in public health. Its role is to summarize and feed back to Member States the information created, deposited and accredited during the Regional Office's work with Member States on key topics and issues in public health in Europe, in the context of the values and principles of WHO as one Organization.

Health Governance in Europe

Author : Monika Steffen
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415364522
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (645 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Health Governance in Europe by : Monika Steffen

Download or read book Health Governance in Europe written by Monika Steffen and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focussing on the health sector, this book analyses the closely interwoven relationship between the European Union and Member States.

Health Care Systems in Europe and Asia

Author : Christian Aspalter
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 041567168X
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (156 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Health Care Systems in Europe and Asia by : Christian Aspalter

Download or read book Health Care Systems in Europe and Asia written by Christian Aspalter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the healthcare experience of the most developed countries in Asia (Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore) and compares this with four of the most important health care systems in Europe (UK, France, Germany and Italy).

Public Health Policies in the European Union

Author : Walter Holland
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 042982145X
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Public Health Policies in the European Union by : Walter Holland

Download or read book Public Health Policies in the European Union written by Walter Holland and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999, this volume recognises that the role and status of public health in Europe has again become increasingly recognized and features contributions on various nations within the European Community. This is not only in individual countries but also in the policies of the European Union as exemplified in the Maastricht and Amsterdam Treaties. This book is a critical account of the present structures and policies of member countries and how policies have evolved within the European Commission. It describes both possible models and needs and contrasts these with the current legislative framework. It thus serves the needs of both practitioners, policy makers, policy analysts and students interested in public health and social policy developments.

Organization and Financing of Public Health Services in Europe

Author : Rechel B.
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9289051728
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Organization and Financing of Public Health Services in Europe by : Rechel B.

Download or read book Organization and Financing of Public Health Services in Europe written by Rechel B. and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2018-11-20 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How are public health services in Europe organized and financed? With European health systems facing a plethora of challenges that can be addressed through public health interventions there is renewed interest in strengthening public health services. Yet there are enormous gaps in our knowledge. How many people work in public health? How much money is spent on public health? What does it actually achieve? None of these questions can be answered easily. This volume brings together current knowledge on the organization and financing of public health services in Europe. It is based on country reports on the organization and financing of public health services in nine European countries and an in-depth analysis of the involvement of public health services in addressing three contemporary public health challenges (alcohol obesity and antimicrobial resistance). The focus is on four core dimensions of public health services: organization financing the public health workforce and quality assurance. The questions the volume seeks to answer are: o How are public health services in Europe organized? Are there good practices that can be emulated? What policy options are available? o How much is spent on public health services? Where do resources come from? And what was the impact of the economic crisis? o What do we know about the public health workforce? How can it be strengthened? o How is the quality of public health services being assured? What should quality assurance systems for public health services look like? This study is the result of close collaboration between the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and the WHO Regional Office for Europe Division of Health Systems and Public Health. It accompanies two other Observatory publications: Organization and financing of public health services in Europe: country reports and The role of public health organizations in addressing public health problems in Europe: the case of obesity alcohol and antimicrobial resistance.