Eat To Prevent And Control Hypertension

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Your Guide to Lowering Your Blood Pressure with Dash

Author : U. S. Department Human Services
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781478215295
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis Your Guide to Lowering Your Blood Pressure with Dash by : U. S. Department Human Services

Download or read book Your Guide to Lowering Your Blood Pressure with Dash written by U. S. Department Human Services and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2012-07-09 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book by the National Institutes of Health (Publication 06-4082) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute provides information and effective ways to work with your diet because what you choose to eat affects your chances of developing high blood pressure, or hypertension (the medical term). Recent studies show that blood pressure can be lowered by following the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan-and by eating less salt, also called sodium. While each step alone lowers blood pressure, the combination of the eating plan and a reduced sodium intake gives the biggest benefit and may help prevent the development of high blood pressure. This book, based on the DASH research findings, tells how to follow the DASH eating plan and reduce the amount of sodium you consume. It offers tips on how to start and stay on the eating plan, as well as a week of menus and some recipes. The menus and recipes are given for two levels of daily sodium consumption-2,300 and 1,500 milligrams per day. Twenty-three hundred milligrams is the highest level considered acceptable by the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. It is also the highest amount recommended for healthy Americans by the 2005 "U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans." The 1,500 milligram level can lower blood pressure further and more recently is the amount recommended by the Institute of Medicine as an adequate intake level and one that most people should try to achieve. The lower your salt intake is, the lower your blood pressure. Studies have found that the DASH menus containing 2,300 milligrams of sodium can lower blood pressure and that an even lower level of sodium, 1,500 milligrams, can further reduce blood pressure. All the menus are lower in sodium than what adults in the United States currently eat-about 4,200 milligrams per day in men and 3,300 milligrams per day in women. Those with high blood pressure and prehypertension may benefit especially from following the DASH eating plan and reducing their sodium intake.

A Population-Based Policy and Systems Change Approach to Prevent and Control Hypertension

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030914809X
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis A Population-Based Policy and Systems Change Approach to Prevent and Control Hypertension by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book A Population-Based Policy and Systems Change Approach to Prevent and Control Hypertension written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-08-13 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, affecting nearly one in three Americans. It is prevalent in adults and endemic in the older adult population. Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and disability. Although there is a simple test to diagnose hypertension and relatively inexpensive drugs to treat it, the disease is often undiagnosed and uncontrolled. A Population-Based Policy and Systems Change Approach to the Prevention and Control Hypertension identifies a small set of high-priority areas in which public health officials can focus their efforts to accelerate progress in hypertension reduction and control. It offers several recommendations that embody a population-based approach grounded in the principles of measurement, system change, and accountability. The recommendations are designed to shift current hypertension reduction strategies from an individual-based approach to a population-based approach. They are also designed to improve the quality of care provided to individuals with hypertension and to strengthen the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's leadership in seeking a reduction in the sodium intake in the American diet to meet dietary guidelines. The book is an important resource for federal public health officials and organizations, especially the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as medical professionals and community health workers.

Integrative Medicine

Author : David Rakel
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 1416029540
Total Pages : 1262 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrative Medicine by : David Rakel

Download or read book Integrative Medicine written by David Rakel and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 1262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on solid scientific evidence as well as extensive first-hand experience, this manual provides the practical information you need to safely and effectively integrate complementary and alternative treatment modalities into your practice. It explains how alternative therapies can help you fight diseases that do not respond readily to traditional treatments... presents integrative treatments for a full range of diseases and conditions, including autism, stroke, chronic fatigue syndrome, and various forms of cancer...explores how to advise patients on health maintenance and wellness...and offers advice on topics such as meditation, diet, and exercises for back pain. 24 new chapters, a new organization, make this landmark reference more useful than ever. Provides dosages and precautions to help you avoid potential complications.Delivers therapy-based pearls to enhance your patient care.Facilitates patient education with helpful handouts. Offers helpful icons that highlight the level and quality of evidence for each specific modality.Includes bonus PDA software that lets you load all of the therapeutic review sections onto your handheld device.Presents a new organization, with numerous section headings and subheadings, for greater ease of reference.Provides additional clinical practice and business considerations for incorporating integrative medicine into clinical practice.

Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension

Author : La Fonceur
Publisher : Blurb
ISBN 13 : 9781034419860
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (198 download)

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Book Synopsis Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension by : La Fonceur

Download or read book Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension written by La Fonceur and published by Blurb. This book was released on 2021-02-08 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do you know your medicines might make you ill? This book tells how you can reduce your dependence on medicines. The sooner you adopt, the healthier you live. Go disease-free! With a better understanding of the disease, you can control it yourself. When you follow the advice and preventive measures given in the book, If you do not have any disease, then in the future also you will not have any disease. If you are already suffering from a disease, you can control it without medicines. If your disease is chronic and you are dependent on medicines, then you can reduce the dose of your medications as well as their side effects.

Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension - Color Print

Author : La Fonceur
Publisher : Blurb
ISBN 13 : 9781034419907
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension - Color Print by : La Fonceur

Download or read book Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension - Color Print written by La Fonceur and published by Blurb. This book was released on 2021-02-08 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do you know your medicines might make you ill? This book tells how you can reduce your dependence on medicines. The sooner you adopt, the healthier you live. Go disease-free! With a better understanding of the disease, you can control it yourself. When you follow the advice and preventive measures given in the book, If you do not have any disease, then in the future also you will not have any disease. If you are already suffering from a disease, you can control it without medicines. If your disease is chronic and you are dependent on medicines, then you can reduce the dose of your medications as well as their side effects.

Hypertension and nutrition

Author : Noshin Samiha Khan Trisha
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656643776
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (566 download)

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Book Synopsis Hypertension and nutrition by : Noshin Samiha Khan Trisha

Download or read book Hypertension and nutrition written by Noshin Samiha Khan Trisha and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2013 in the subject Health - Nutritional Science, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: Hypertension is the most common risk factor for stroke, heart disease and also many other diseases. African Americans are mostly vulnerable for hypertension. They have an increased likelihood for developing hypertension. But good news is, there are many treatments or remediation methods available to prevent and/or control hypertension. Dash Diet is the one of the methods to control hypertension. Method: Hinari, Medline through PubMed and Google scholar was used for literature searching. Key words like hypertension, nutrition and hypertension, DASH diet, DASH diet and hypertension was used. Results: There are no actual causes for increased risk of hypertension among African American found. Research shown that DASH diet has significant impact on reducing hypertension

The DASH Diet for Hypertension

Author : Mark Jenkins
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1439140596
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis The DASH Diet for Hypertension by : Mark Jenkins

Download or read book The DASH Diet for Hypertension written by Mark Jenkins and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2011-06-21 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 50 million Americans suffer from high blood pressure, and most of them control it by taking prescription drugs with potentially dangerous side effects. But there is a natural, affordable, and easy-to-manage alternative to medication: the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet. Developed by a world-class team of doctors and nutritionists, the DASH diet is clinically proven to lower blood-pressure levels and thereby reduce the risk of heart failure, stroke, and kidney disease. Now, with The DASH Diet for Hypertension, readers can benefit from: • A hearty and healthful selection of DASH menus, recipes, even grocery lists • DASH weight-loss and exercise programs for everyday living • The science behind DASH, including calorie worksheets and a formula to calculate body-mass ...and much more from this revolutionary program, which is recommended by the American Heart Association; the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the American Society for Hypertension; and other leading medical authorities.

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension

Author : Wendy Jarich
Publisher : Speedy Publishing LLC
ISBN 13 : 1628844604
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (288 download)

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Book Synopsis Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension by : Wendy Jarich

Download or read book Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension written by Wendy Jarich and published by Speedy Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DASH diet, or "Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension," is a diet that was designed with the goal of drastically reducing adherents' dangerously-high blood pressure levels. Specifically, it focuses on cutting out excessive salt intake, as this can make hypertension worse and lead to kidney failure, strokes, blindness, and even heart disease. It can be altered slightly for weight loss goals or to control insulin dependence, but multiple studies have confirmed its effectiveness. Many adherents to the DASH diet have shown drastic improvement within only a few weeks of beginning. There are two versions of this diet: standard and low-sodium. On the standard version, a dieter is carefully restricted to eating only the daily recommended amount of sodium (salt), or about 2,300mg daily. The low-sodium version is much more restrictive and designed for those who are already on medications for hypertension and/or have developed a blood pressure-related disease. The low-sodium DASH diet restricts intake to 1,500mg daily. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension by author Wendy Jarich is a detailed study and guide on how to stop hypertension by eating the right diet. What the two versions of the diet have in common is that they both encourage reducing your intake of saturated fats, trans fats, and processed foods with excessive sodium. Instead, adherents are encouraged to enjoy lean meats like poultry, fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy. It is not overly-restrictive, as dieters can still enjoy sweets, caffeine, alcohol, and foods with oil in moderation. Instead of using butter and salt to flavor food, DASH diet adherents are taught to use spices and herbs. Adherents are also encouraged to consume fish regularly, since it is naturally low-fat and low-cholesterol and is filled with omega-3 fatty acids for a healthy heart. Read Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension by Wendy Jarich to get some more insights.

Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension and Arthritis

Author : La Fonceur
Publisher : Blurb
ISBN 13 : 9781006135620
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension and Arthritis by : La Fonceur

Download or read book Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension and Arthritis written by La Fonceur and published by Blurb. This book was released on 2021-12-08 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do you know your medicines might make you ill? This book tells how you can reduce your dependence on medicines. The sooner you adopt, the healthier you live. Go disease-free! In Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension and Arthritis, research scientist and registered state pharmacist La Fonceur will tell you how foods that work with the same mechanism as medicines can naturally prevent and control disease. How can you build your body in such a way that you do not need medications even in your 40s, 50s, 60s, or 70s? How can you prevent disease even if you have a family history of that disease? How can you control chronic diseases like high blood pressure and arthritis? With a better understanding of the disease, you can control it yourself. When you follow the advice and preventive measures given in the book, If you do not have any disease, then in the future also you will not have any disease. If you are already suffering from a disease, you can control it without medicines. If your disease is chronic and you are dependent on medicines, then you can reduce the dose of your medications as well as their side effects.

Lifestyle Modification for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension

Author : Paul K. Whelton
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0824755146
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (247 download)

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Book Synopsis Lifestyle Modification for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension by : Paul K. Whelton

Download or read book Lifestyle Modification for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension written by Paul K. Whelton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-05-16 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text compiles all available scientific evidence on the efficacy of lifestyle modification, focusing on the effective implementation of the interventional techniques and skills necessary to assist clinicians in the management of the hypertensive patient.

Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension and Arthritis (Full Color Print)

Author : La Fonceur
Publisher : Blurb
ISBN 13 : 9781006135606
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension and Arthritis (Full Color Print) by : La Fonceur

Download or read book Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension and Arthritis (Full Color Print) written by La Fonceur and published by Blurb. This book was released on 2021-12-08 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do you know your medicines might make you ill? This book tells how you can reduce your dependence on medicines. The sooner you adopt, the healthier you live. Go disease-free! In Eat to Prevent and Control Hypertension and Arthritis, research scientist and registered state pharmacist La Fonceur will tell you how foods that work with the same mechanism as medicines can naturally prevent and control disease. How can you build your body in such a way that you do not need medications even in your 40s, 50s, 60s, or 70s? How can you prevent disease even if you have a family history of that disease? How can you control chronic diseases like high blood pressure and arthritis? With a better understanding of the disease, you can control it yourself. When you follow the advice and preventive measures given in the book, If you do not have any disease, then in the future also you will not have any disease. If you are already suffering from a disease, you can control it without medicines. If your disease is chronic and you are dependent on medicines, then you can reduce the dose of your medications as well as their side effects.

Blood Pressure Down

Author : Janet Bond Brill, PhD, RD, LDN
Publisher : Harmony
ISBN 13 : 0307986365
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis Blood Pressure Down by : Janet Bond Brill, PhD, RD, LDN

Download or read book Blood Pressure Down written by Janet Bond Brill, PhD, RD, LDN and published by Harmony. This book was released on 2013-05-07 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the nearly 78 million Americans with hypertension, a safe, effective lifestyle plan—incorporating the DASH diet principles and much more—for lowering blood pressure naturally If you have high blood pressure, you're not alone: nearly a third of adult Americans have been diagnosed with hypertension, and another quarter are well on their way. Yet a whopping 56 percent of diagnosed patients do not have it under control. The good news? Hypertension is easily treatable (and preventable), and you can take action today to bring your blood pressure down in just four weeks—without the potential dangers and side effects of prescription medications. In Blood Pressure Down, Janet Bond Brill distills what she's learned over decades of helping her patients lower their blood pressure into a ten-step lifestyle plan that's manageable for anyone. You'll: • harness the power of blood pressure power foods like bananas, spinach, and yogurt • start a simple regimen of exercise and stress reduction • stay on track with checklists, meal plans, and more than fifty simple recipes Easy, effective, safe—and delicious—Blood Pressure Down is the encouraging resource that empowers you, or your loved ones, to lower your blood pressure and live a longer, heart-healthy life.

The DASH Diet Action Plan

Author : Marla Heller
Publisher : Amidon Press
ISBN 13 : 097634081X
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (763 download)

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Book Synopsis The DASH Diet Action Plan by : Marla Heller

Download or read book The DASH Diet Action Plan written by Marla Heller and published by Amidon Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DASH Diet Action Plan is the user-friendly teaching guide to the DASH diet. Initially, many people find it difficult to follow the DASH diet. This book makes it simple to understand and put into practice. The book makes it easy to lose weight with the DASH diet, and it has realistic ways to add exercise. Although the book was not intended to be an aggressive weight loss book, people are writing to say that they have surprised themselves by finding it easy to lose weight following the plan! Many people find the DASH diet to be hard to implement and sustain in a hectic lifestyle. The average American gets 2 - 3 servings of fruits and vegetables combined each day, so following the DASH diet may seem daunting. The DASH Diet Action Plan book is designed to help you with more than just "what" is involved with the DASH diet, it also shows you "how." How to follow the DASH diet in restaurants, how to lose weight, how to make over your kitchen to make it easy to follow your plan, how to fit in exercise, how to reduce salt intake, how to add vegetables even if you "hate" vegetables. And the book helps you make your own personal plan with specific steps you will take to fit the DASH diet into your daily routine. Our readers say that this is the best DASH diet book! Your step-by-step plan will include: setting your goals for blood pressure and cholesterol, determining the calorie-level you need for maintenance or weight loss, developing meal plans, developing a realistic exercise plan, adjusting the DASH diet to accommodate other health problems, choosing the key DASH diet foods, reading food labels, and learning how to incorporate more vegetables in your diet, and setting up your kitchen to make it easy to stay on track. This book was written by a registered dietitian who is experienced in helping people make sustainable behavior changes, and make healthy eating part of their real lives. She knows that people need flexibility and options to choose different approaches, since not everyone has the time or the interest in cooking or making drastic changes in how they eat. The book incorporates tools that will help you plan the specific steps you will take to adopt the DASH diet. Research shows that people who make concrete plans are more likely to be successful with adopting new health behavior. This should improve your ability to lower your blood pressure (and cholesterol), without medication.

52 High Blood Pressure Remedies

Author : Kim Wesley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781451560657
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (66 download)

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Book Synopsis 52 High Blood Pressure Remedies by : Kim Wesley

Download or read book 52 High Blood Pressure Remedies written by Kim Wesley and published by . This book was released on 2010-08-17 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key to managing your high blood pressure is knowing some basic facts about this silent disease. If you don't yet have hypertension you can prevent it by making slight changes to your lifestyle and diet. If you have this disease you need to check your blood pressure reading regularly. Adopt a sensible lifestyle, and eat a diet that avoids sudden peaks in your blood level. Having hypertension does not mean lifelong suffering and physical disability that prevent you from fulfilling your dreams. You can still live a normal life by carefully following up with your doctor. You also need to pay close attention to symptoms that arise during the day. Taking an active role means good health and helps you avoid the risks of strokes and heart disease.In this book Kim Wesley presents 52 ways you can control and manage high blood pressure. She covers three critical areas smart patients of this disease watch to keep healthy control of hypertension. You can use this book to find answers to pressing concerns of people with hypertension and those who want to avoid it: * What you need to eat to ensure normal blood pressure readings* What lifestyle changes you can make to avoid more serious health risks* What role does medication play in controlling hypertension It is a basic guide you can use to supplement your doctor's advice. It helps you find information about high blood pressure without going through several pages in books and online. It is a must for everyone who cares about living a normal life with high blood pressure, and those who want to avoid it.

Eat to Prevent and Control Diabetes and Hypertension: How Superfoods Can Help You Live Diabetes And Hypertension Free

Author : La Fonceur
Publisher : Blurb
ISBN 13 : 9781034963264
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (632 download)

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Book Synopsis Eat to Prevent and Control Diabetes and Hypertension: How Superfoods Can Help You Live Diabetes And Hypertension Free by : La Fonceur

Download or read book Eat to Prevent and Control Diabetes and Hypertension: How Superfoods Can Help You Live Diabetes And Hypertension Free written by La Fonceur and published by Blurb. This book was released on 2022-02-07 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Eat to Prevent and Control Diabetes and Hypertension, research scientist and registered state pharmacist La Fonceur will tell you how foods that work with the same mechanism as medicines can naturally prevent and control Diabetes and Hypertension. How can you build your body in such a way that you do not need medications even in your 40s, 50s, 60s, or 70s? How can you prevent these chronic diseases even if you have a family history of these diseases? Over the years, we have been repeating the same eating mistakes that our parents made. This is the reason why the prevalence of diseases like diabetes and high blood pressure is increasing in the population over time. With a better understanding of the disease, you can control it yourself. When you follow the advice and preventive measures given in the book, If you do not have diabetes or high blood pressure, then in the future also you will not have these diseases. If you are already suffering from either or both of them, you can control it without medicines. If your disease is chronic and you are dependent on medicines, then you can reduce the dose of your medications as well as their side effects.

Eat to Prevent and Control Diabetes and Hypertension Dust Jacket - Color Print

Author : La Fonceur
Publisher : Blurb
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Eat to Prevent and Control Diabetes and Hypertension Dust Jacket - Color Print by : La Fonceur

Download or read book Eat to Prevent and Control Diabetes and Hypertension Dust Jacket - Color Print written by La Fonceur and published by Blurb. This book was released on 2022-03-07 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Full Color Print- Dust Jacket Edition) In Eat to Prevent and Control Diabetes and Hypertension, research scientist and registered state pharmacist La Fonceur will tell you how foods that work with the same mechanism as medicines can naturally prevent and control Diabetes and Hypertension. How can you build your body in such a way that you do not need medications even in your 40s, 50s, 60s, or 70s? How can you prevent these chronic diseases even if you have a family history of these diseases? Over the years, we have been repeating the same eating mistakes that our parents made. This is the reason why the prevalence of diseases like diabetes and high blood pressure is increasing in the population over time. With a better understanding of the disease, you can control it yourself. When you follow the advice and preventive measures given in the book, If you do not have diabetes or high blood pressure, then in the future also you will not have these diseases. If you are already suffering from either or both of them, you can control it without medicines. If your disease is chronic and you are dependent on medicines, then you can reduce the dose of your medications as well as their side effects.

Sodium Intake in Populations

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309282985
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Sodium Intake in Populations by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Sodium Intake in Populations written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-08-27 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite efforts over the past several decades to reduce sodium intake in the United States, adults still consume an average of 3,400 mg of sodium every day. A number of scientific bodies and professional health organizations, including the American Heart Association, the American Medical Association, and the American Public Health Association, support reducing dietary sodium intake. These organizations support a common goal to reduce daily sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams and further reduce intake to 1,500 mg among persons who are 51 years of age and older and those of any age who are African-American or have hypertension, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease. A substantial body of evidence supports these efforts to reduce sodium intake. This evidence links excessive dietary sodium to high blood pressure, a surrogate marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, and cardiac-related mortality. However, concerns have been raised that a low sodium intake may adversely affect certain risk factors, including blood lipids and insulin resistance, and thus potentially increase risk of heart disease and stroke. In fact, several recent reports have challenged sodium reduction in the population as a strategy to reduce this risk. Sodium Intake in Populations recognizes the limitations of the available evidence, and explains that there is no consistent evidence to support an association between sodium intake and either a beneficial or adverse effect on most direct health outcomes other than some CVD outcomes (including stroke and CVD mortality) and all-cause mortality. Some evidence suggested that decreasing sodium intake could possibly reduce the risk of gastric cancer. However, the evidence was too limited to conclude the converse-that higher sodium intake could possibly increase the risk of gastric cancer. Interpreting these findings was particularly challenging because most studies were conducted outside the United States in populations consuming much higher levels of sodium than those consumed in this country. Sodium Intake in Populations is a summary of the findings and conclusions on evidence for associations between sodium intake and risk of CVD-related events and mortality.