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Diversification Or Homogenization
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Book Synopsis Biotic Homogenization by : Julie L. Lockwood
Download or read book Biotic Homogenization written by Julie L. Lockwood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological homogenization is the dominant process shaping the future global biosphere. As global transportation becomes faster and more frequent, it is inevitable that biotic intermixing will increase. Unique local biotas will become extinct only to be replaced by already widespread biotas that can tolerate human activities. This process is affecting all aspects of our world: language, economies, and ecosystems alike. The ultimate outcome is the loss of uniqueness and the growth of uniformity. In this way, fast food restaurants exist in Moscow and Java Sparrows breed on Hawaii. Biological homogenization qualifies as a global environmental catastrophe. The Earth has never witnessed such a broad and complete reorganization of species distributions.
Book Synopsis Competition, Coordination and Diversity by : Pascal Salin
Download or read book Competition, Coordination and Diversity written by Pascal Salin and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competition, or the freedom to enter into a market, contributes greatly to the differentiation of human activities and therefore to economic progress. This fascinating book highlights the similarities between human systems at both the micro and macro l
Book Synopsis Diversification Or Homogenization by : Qiang Zha
Download or read book Diversification Or Homogenization written by Qiang Zha and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This central research question unfolded into two major objectives, and the thesis consisted mainly of two parts, with each reflecting one of the research objectives. The first was a search for a theoretical framework suitable for explaining processes of differentiation and increases or decreases in diversity in Chinese higher education. This investigation resulted in a theoretical framework rooted in three related theoretical perspectives from organizational theory: the population ecology perspective, the resource dependency perspective and the institutional isomorphism perspective. The other objective was an empirical investigation into the actual process of differentiation and the increases or decreases of diversity at the study program level in the Chinese universities. This study examined recent policy changes in Chinese higher education that have affected differentiation and diversity of the system. It was intended to answer the following research question: How have governmental policies influenced and shaped the processes of differentiation and diversity in Chinese higher education, in particular of the universities, and how can the changing patterns of differentiation and diversity be explained and contested?The empirical analysis of diversity in Chinese higher education provided the foundation for an examination of the influence of China's governmental policies on differentiation and diversity, which was discussed against the benchmark of whether or not the Chinese government had achieved its goals with respect to diversity. Also, this study concluded that the existing classification system of Chinese higher education institutions had not been sufficient for describing the systemic and structural, and the study suggested a new classification framework for China's higher education system, which draws on studies by Chinese scholars in recent years, and on the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. Finally, suggested areas for future research were outlined, with two possibilities highlighted. One possibility is to look at the issue of differentiation and diversity in a larger perspective by placing it in the context of internationalization and globalization. In contrast, the other possibility is to explore the issue with a micro perspective, at the institutional level. These two objectives coincided with the two major parts of this study, and enabled this work to approximate an optimum research design by combining the elements of a theoretical framework, assumptions, hypotheses, operationalizations, testing and feedback to the theoretical framework. In the field of Chinese higher education studies, this is a path-breaking study as little theory has been tested in this field in China, and few concepts have been operationalized as observable variables.
Book Synopsis Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research 13 by : J.C. Smart
Download or read book Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research 13 written by J.C. Smart and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-03-31 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published annually since 1985, the Handbook series provides a compendium of thorough and integrative literature reviews on a diverse array of topics of interest to the higher education scholarly and policy communities.
Book Synopsis Demands of Citizenship by : Catriona McKinnon
Download or read book Demands of Citizenship written by Catriona McKinnon and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2004-12-30 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the seventeenth century liberal thinkers have been interested in the rights of individuals and their capacities to engage as free equals in the political activity of their community. However, as many in the republican tradition have noted, the maintenance of certain types of communities - predicated on broadly shared ethical expectations, modes of communication and patterns of activity - is a precondition of the meaningful exercise of citizenship rights.This volume presents essays from many of the major names in the field, exploring citizenship from a fresh perspective. After two decades of strident individualism, in the light of claims that the liberal democratic state is under threat of collapse from the forces of globalization, and in the midst of a theoretical debate about the possible and desirable limits of individual autonomy, they argue that it is high time to go beyond the standard concern of what can be ascribed to citizens. We must ask what should be demanded of them, in the name of the protection of liberty, equality and stability.
Book Synopsis 25 Years of Transformations of Higher Education Systems in Post-Soviet Countries by : Jeroen Huisman
Download or read book 25 Years of Transformations of Higher Education Systems in Post-Soviet Countries written by Jeroen Huisman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This open access book is a result of the first ever study of the transformations of the higher education institutional landscape in fifteen former USSR countries after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. It explores how the single Soviet model that developed across the vast and diverse territory of the Soviet Union over several decades has evolved into fifteen unique national systems, systems that have responded to national and global developments while still bearing some traces of the past. The book is distinctive as it presents a comprehensive analysis of the reforms and transformations in the region in the last 25 years; and it focuses on institutional landscape through the evolution of the institutional types established and developed in Pre-Soviet, Soviet and Post-Soviet time. It also embraces all fifteen countries of the former USSR, and provides a comparative analysis of transformations of institutional landscape across Post-Soviet systems. It will be highly relevant for students and researchers in the fields of higher education and and sociology, particularly those with an interest in historical and comparative studies.
Book Synopsis Booty Capitalism by : Paul D. Hutchcroft
Download or read book Booty Capitalism written by Paul D. Hutchcroft and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early postwar years, the Philippines seemed poised for long-term economic success; within the region, only Japan had a higher standard of living. By the early 1990s, however, the country was dismissed as a perennial aspirant to the ranks of newly industrializing economies, unable to convert its substantial developmental assets into developmental success. Major reforms of the mid-1990s bring new hope, explains Paul D. Hutchcroft, but accompanying economic gains remain relatively modest and short-lived. What has gone wrong? The Philippines should have all the ingredients for developmental success: tremendous entrepreneurial talents; a well-educated and anglophone workforce; a rich endowment of natural resources; a vibrant community of economists and development specialists; and abundant overseas assistance. Hutchcroft attributes the laggard economic performance to long-standing deficiencies in the Philippine political sphere. The country's experience, he asserts, illuminates the relationship between political and economic development in the modern Third World. Through careful examination of interactions between the state and the major families of the oligarchy in the banking sector since 1960, Hutchcroft shows the political obstacles to Philippine development. 'Booty capitalism,'he explains, emerged from relations between a patrimonial state and a predatory oligarchy. Hutchcroft concludes by examining the capacity of recent reform efforts to encourage transformation toward a political, economic order more responsive to the developmental needs of the Philippine nation as a whole.
Book Synopsis The University in the Age of Globalization by : W. Bienkowski
Download or read book The University in the Age of Globalization written by W. Bienkowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-07-06 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An informed discussion of the global education market, analysing the rankings system, and the determinants which help universities to advance. The authors examine possible improvements in the promotion and commercialization of university research, and the role of universities in the social and economic development of transition economies.
Book Synopsis Finding the Limits of the Limes by : Philip Verhagen
Download or read book Finding the Limits of the Limes written by Philip Verhagen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-08 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book demonstrates the application of simulation modelling and network analysis techniques in the field of Roman studies. It summarizes and discusses the results of a 5-year research project carried out by the editors that aimed to apply spatial dynamical modelling to reconstruct and understand the socio-economic development of the Dutch part of the Roman frontier (limes) zone, in particular the agrarian economy and the related development of settlement patterns and transport networks in the area. The project papers are accompanied by invited chapters presenting case studies and reflections from other parts of the Roman Empire focusing on the themes of subsistence economy, demography, transport and mobility, and socio-economic networks in the Roman period. The book shows the added value of state-of-the-art computer modelling techniques and bridges computational and conventional approaches. Topics that will be of particular interest to archaeologists are the question of (forced) surplus production, the demographic and economic effects of the Roman occupation on the local population, and the structuring of transport networks and settlement patterns. For modellers, issues of sensitivity analysis and validation of modelling results are specifically addressed. This book will appeal to students and researchers working in the computational humanities and social sciences, in particular, archaeology and ancient history.
Book Synopsis Sociology of Globalization by : Keri E. Iyall Smith
Download or read book Sociology of Globalization written by Keri E. Iyall Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rich collection of diverse voices, Sociology of Globalization examines the processes of globalization as well as its impact on people around the world. It looks beyond the headlines, stereotypes, and hype and features a balanced selection of classic scholarship and theory, cutting-edge research, and engaging journalism. Key pieces from prominent scholars, journalists, and theorists will resonate with students, stretch the classroom into their daily lives, and give the study of globalization concrete meaning. Each of three sections (culture, economy, and politics) begins with an original introduction from the editor which familiarizes readers with essential themes and concepts and provides necessary context for the readings that follow. Useful resources for further research, including websites, films, and class exercises, are also provided to exemplify and add relevance to major topics. Accessible and expansive, this is the ideal primary reader or supplement for undergraduate courses on the sociology of globalization.
Book Synopsis Knowledge-Based Information Systems in Practice by : Jeffrey W. Tweedale
Download or read book Knowledge-Based Information Systems in Practice written by Jeffrey W. Tweedale and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-21 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains innovative research from leading researchers who presented their work at the 17th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, KES 2013, held in Kitakyusha, Japan, in September 2013. The conference provided a competitive field of 236 contributors, from which 38 authors expanded their contributions and only 21 published. A plethora of techniques and innovative applications are represented within this volume. The chapters are organized using four themes. These topics include: data mining, knowledge management, advanced information processes and system modelling applications. Each topic contains multiple contributions and many offer case studies or innovative examples. Anyone that wants to work with information repositories or process knowledge should consider reading one or more chapters focused on their technique of choice. They may also benefit from reading other chapters to assess if an alternative technique represents a more suitable approach. This book will benefit anyone already working with Knowledge-Based or Intelligent Information Systems, however is suitable for students and researchers seeking to learn more about modern Artificial Intelligence techniques.
Download or read book The Future of Evolution written by Pnas and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-12-31 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Income Diversification in the Chinese Banking Industry: Challenges and Opportunities by : Zhixian Qu
Download or read book Income Diversification in the Chinese Banking Industry: Challenges and Opportunities written by Zhixian Qu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-26 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the historical financial reforms and regulatory changes in China, highlighting the background to and causes of changes in the income structure of China's banks. It also investigates ongoing concerns with regard to banking diversification in China, and its consequences, amid the global trend of banks’ shift to non-traditional businesses. Focusing on three critical aspects of bank-income diversification, namely the effects on profitability, risk level, and efficiency, it employs the concept of systemically important banks, which describes the scale and degree of influence a bank has in global and domestic financial markets. More importantly, rather than replicating techniques employed in the research on developed markets, it applies several improved methodologies to address bank diversification in the specific context created by China’s unique institutional background and data characteristics, such as GMM-type threshold models and stochastic frontier analysis with the within maximum likelihood estimation. Shedding new light on the current status of income diversification in the Chinese banking sector, this book is a valuable resource for readers in fields such as banking and financial stability. It will also help banking professionals and financial regulatory authorities to better understand the reform of China's financial industry and the future direction of banking.
Book Synopsis From Biocultural Homogenization to Biocultural Conservation by : Ricardo Rozzi
Download or read book From Biocultural Homogenization to Biocultural Conservation written by Ricardo Rozzi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-18 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To assess the social processes of globalization that are changing the way in which we co-inhabit the world today, this book invites the reader to essay the diversity of worldviews, with the diversity of ways to sustainably co-inhabit the planet. With a biocultural perspective that highlights planetary ecological and cultural heterogeneity, this book examines three interrelated themes: (1) biocultural homogenization, a global, but little perceived, driver of biological and cultural diversity loss that frequently entail social and environmental injustices; (2) biocultural ethics that considers –ontologically and axiologically– the complex interrelationships between habits, habitats, and co-inhabitants that shape their identity and well-being; (3) biocultural conservation that seeks social and ecological well-being through the conservation of biological and cultural diversity and their interrelationships.
Book Synopsis University Rankings, Diversity, and the New Landscape of Higher Education by :
Download or read book University Rankings, Diversity, and the New Landscape of Higher Education written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-02-18 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: University rankings are a relatively new phenomenon in higher education. Although quite an established practice in the U. S., it is only within the last decade that attempts to analyse university performance have spread to the rest of the world, and that we also have seen new global rankings appear—rankings attempting to measure university performance beyond national borders. No wonder that this trend is accompanied by a growing interest in studying rankings throughout the world. This book is written as part of the effort to better understand rankings and their effects on higher education. A serious approach towards university rankings implies that rankings should be analysed properly, including the methods used and the indicators chosen, and investigate the objectives claimed. If university rankings are considered as consumer information then everyone should have an interest in basing such guidance on valid and reliable data and methodology. A serious analysis should also discuss the wider implications of rankings as an emerging phenomenon in higher education. Consequently, the contributions to this book investigate and analyse how different rankings work, how they reach their conclusions, and on what data and methodology they are built. Furthermore it provides a critical reflection about the impact of rankings on higher education, how and in what way rankings influence policy-making, the structure of the sector, or the internal life of the sector.
Book Synopsis Inclusions and Exclusions in European Societies by : Martin Kohli
Download or read book Inclusions and Exclusions in European Societies written by Martin Kohli and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-01-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European social development over the last century has been characterized by an increasing inclusiveness of people into the ever-larger collectives of the nation state, the European Union and categories of welfare entitlement. Yet recent empirical data suggests that income gaps are growing and that within the physical borders of Europe there is a greater cultural and ethnic heterogeneity than ever before. Effectively, many of the processes of inclusion are accompanied by exclusion and the creation of new borders, identities and rights. Inclusions and Exclusions in European Societies features eminent contributors from across Europe addressing the problems of inclusion and exclusion as they affect European societies today. Amongst the topics addressed are: to what extent classical theory provides useful ways of reframing European societies which inequalities in work and welfare persist today and in what ways they have been transformed in processes of European integration how considerations of new identities and the pressure of globalisation affect the forms of inclusion and exclusion in Europe. This book constitutes a unique stock-taking of many of the central issues in European social integration or disintegration today.
Book Synopsis The Changing Social Economy of Art by : Hans Abbing
Download or read book The Changing Social Economy of Art written by Hans Abbing and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is art for everybody? Why do art lovers attach so much value to authenticity, autonomy and authorship? Why did the arts become so serious in the first place? Why do many artists reject commerce and cultural entrepreneurship? Crucially, are any of the answers to these questions currently changing? Hans Abbing is uniquely placed to answer such questions, and, drawing on his experiences as an economist and sociologist as well as a professional artist, in this volume he addresses them head on. In order to investigate changes in the social economy of the arts, Abbing compares developments in the established arts with those in the popular arts and proceeds to outline key ways that the former can learn from the latter; by lowering the cost of production, fostering innovation, and becoming less exclusive. These assertions are contextualized with analysis of the separation between serious art and entertainment in the nineteenth century, lending credence to the idea that government-supported art worlds have promoted the exclusion of various social groups. Abbing outlines how this is presently changing and why, while the established arts have become less exclusive, they are not yet for everybody.
