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Dialogue On Dialect Standardization
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Book Synopsis Dialogue on Dialect Standardization by : Carrie Dyck
Download or read book Dialogue on Dialect Standardization written by Carrie Dyck and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-12 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a space for the development of dialogue between dialectologists, language community activists, and other researchers working on the development of orthographies regarding issues that arise during the creation of writing systems in places where there is dialect variation and an absence of writing systems, or where there is a writing system for a national language but not for the particular related language. The chapters in this volume address two major themes: first, the imperative for standardization is influenced by many social and political factors, including identity, age, ease of use of the language, and familiarity, as well as the nature of the language itself. The second theme investigated by the authors is the assumption of the value of standardization, which in many cases leads to overt or covert negotiations or conflicts in the process of language planning and orthography development. These themes are addressed through the experiences of the authors of working with languages and dialects in various parts of the world, including Cyprus, Poland, Canada, the Caribbean, and Mexico, among others. The languages examined in this volume include both those for which there have long been writing systems for “standard” dialects (such as Cypriot Greek and Podlachian, which is sometimes said to be a Belarusian-Ukrainian variety) and those for which writing has been only recently introduced (such as Cayuga, Oneida, and Mixean).
Book Synopsis Dialogue on Dialects by : Walt Wolfram
Download or read book Dialogue on Dialects written by Walt Wolfram and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COPI (Computerized Oral Proficiency Instrument) Mandarin is a computer-based, semi-adaptive test of oral proficiency intended for use with upper high school students, college students, and professionals. The COPI provides a time-efficient assessment of students' oral language proficiency.
Book Synopsis Standards and Dialects in English by : Timothy Shopen
Download or read book Standards and Dialects in English written by Timothy Shopen and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part I: Standards -- Standard English: biography of a symbol / Shirley Brice Heath -- The rise of standard English / Margaret Shaklee -- English Orthography / Wayne O'Neil -- Part II: The new generation -- How Pablo says "love" and "stove" / Timothy Shopen -- An afterword: How English speakers say "finger" and "sing" / Timothy Shopen -- Creative spelling by young children / Charles Read -- Part III: Dialects -- Sections from Bengt Loman's "conversations in a negro American dialect" (with recorded material on side 1 of the cassette) / Timothy Shopen -- The speech of the New York City upper class (with recorded materail on sides 1 and 2 of the cassette) / Geoffrey Nunberg -- Part IV: Dialect encounters standard -- On the application of sociolinguistic information: test evaluation and dialect differences in appalachia (with recorded material on side 2 of the cassette) / Walt Wolfram and Donna Christian -- An afterword: The accidents of history / Joseph M Williams.
Book Synopsis Standardization as Sociolinguistic Change by : Marie Maegaard
Download or read book Standardization as Sociolinguistic Change written by Marie Maegaard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-12-06 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume seeks to extend and expand our current understanding of the processes of language standardization, drawing on both quantitative and qualitative approaches to examine how linguistic variation plays out in various ways in everyday life in Denmark. The book compares linguistic variation across three different rural speech communities, underpinned by a transversal framework, which draws upon different methodological and analytical approaches, as well as data from different contexts across different generations, and results in a nuanced and dynamic portrait of language change in one region over time. Examining communities with varying degrees of linguistic variation with this multi-layered framework demonstrates a broader need to re-examine perceptions of language standardization as a unidirectional process, but rather as one shaped by a range of factors at the local level, including language ideologies and mediatization. A concluding chapter by eminent sociolinguist David Britain brings together the conclusions drawn from the preceding chapters and reinforces their wider implications within the field of sociolinguistics. Offering new insights into language standardization and language change, this book will be of particular interest to students and scholars in sociolinguistics, dialectology, and linguistic anthropology.
Book Synopsis Standardizing Minority Languages by : Pia Lane
Download or read book Standardizing Minority Languages written by Pia Lane and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-22 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781138125124, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. This volume addresses a crucial, yet largely unaddressed dimension of minority language standardization, namely how social actors engage with, support, negotiate, resist and even reject such processes. The focus is on social actors rather than language as a means for analysing the complexity and tensions inherent in contemporary standardization processes. By considering the perspectives and actions of people who participate in or are affected by minority language politics, the contributors aim to provide a comparative and nuanced analysis of the complexity and tensions inherent in minority language standardisation processes. Echoing Fasold (1984), this involves a shift in focus from a sociolinguistics of language to a sociolinguistics of people. The book addresses tensions that are born of the renewed or continued need to standardize ‘language’ in the early 21st century across the world. It proposes to go beyond the traditional macro/micro dichotomy by foregrounding the role of actors as they position themselves as users of standard forms of language, oral or written, across sociolinguistic scales. Language policy processes can be seen as practices and ideologies in action and this volume therefore investigates how social actors in a wide range of geographical settings embrace, contribute to, resist and also reject (aspects of) minority language standardization.
Book Synopsis Evaluation and Translation by : Carol Maier
Download or read book Evaluation and Translation written by Carol Maier and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definition of value or quality with respect to work in translation has historically been a particularly vexed issue. Today, however, the growing demand for translations in such fields as technology and business and the increased scrutiny of translators' work by scholars in many disciplines is giving rise to a need for more nuanced, more specialized, and more explicit methods of determining value. Some refer to this determination as evaluation, others use the term assessment. Either way, the question is one of measurement and judgement, which are always unavoidably subjective and frequently rest on criteria that are not overtly expressed. This means that devising more complex evaluative practices involves not only quantitative techniques but also an exploration of the attitudes, preferences, or individual values on which criteria are established. Intended as an interrogation and a critique that can serve to prompt a more thorough and open consideration of evaluative criteria, this special issue of The Translator offers examinations of diverse evaluative practices and contains both empirical and hermeneutic work. Topics addressed include the evaluation of student translations using more up-to-date and positive methods such as those employed in corpus studies; the translation of non?standard language; translation into the second language; terminology; the application of theoretical criteria to practice; a social?textual perspective; and the reviewing of literary translations in the press. In addition, reviews by a number of literary translators discuss specific translations both into and out of English.
Book Synopsis Language and Identity in a Multilingual, Migrating World by :
Download or read book Language and Identity in a Multilingual, Migrating World written by and published by SIL International. This book was released on 2023-02-20 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multilingualisms vary. Given such variation, how can those from essentially mono-chromatic, monolingual backgrounds begin to appreciate the colorful multilingual realities of the majority world? This question led to the symposium Language and Identity in a Multilingual, Migrating World, May 10–15, 2018, in Penang, Malaysia. This resulting four-part collection of papers. -- J. Stephen Quakenbush
Book Synopsis Developmental, Modal, and Pathological Variation — Linguistic and Cognitive Profiles for Speakers of Linguistically Proximal Languages and Varieties by : Kleanthes K. Grohmann
Download or read book Developmental, Modal, and Pathological Variation — Linguistic and Cognitive Profiles for Speakers of Linguistically Proximal Languages and Varieties written by Kleanthes K. Grohmann and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One significant area of research in the multifaceted field of bilingualism over the past two decades has been the demonstration, validation, and account of the so-called ‘bilingual advantage’. This refers to the hypothesis that bilingual speakers have advanced abilities in executive functions and other domains of human cognition. Such cognitive benefits of bilingualism have an impact on the processing mechanisms active during language acquisition in a way that results in language variation. Within bilingual populations, the notion of language proximity (or linguistic distance) is also of key importance for deriving variation. In addition, sociolinguistic factors can invest the process of language development and its outcome with an additional layer of complexity, such as schooling, language, dominance, competing motivations, or the emergence of mesolectal varieties, which blur the boundaries of grammatical variants. This is particularly relevant for diglossic speech communities—bilectal, bidialectal, or bivarietal speakers. The defined goal of the present Research Topic is to address whether the bilingual advantage extends to such speakers as well. Thus, ‘Linguistic and Cognitive Profiles for Speakers of Linguistically Proximal Languages and Varieties’ become an important matter within ‘Developmental, Modal, and Pathological Variation’.
Download or read book Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 4th-7th eds. contain a special chapter on The role and function of the thesaurus in education, by Frederick Goodman.
Book Synopsis Language Standardization and Language Change by : Ana Deumert
Download or read book Language Standardization and Language Change written by Ana Deumert and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language Standardization and Language Change describes the formation of an early standard norm at the Cape around 1900. The processes of variant reduction and sociolinguistic focusing which accompanied the early standardization history of Afrikaans (or 'Cape Dutch' as it was then called) are analysed within the broad methodological framework of corpus linguistics and variation analysis. Multivariate statistical techniques (cluster analysis, multidimensional scaling and PCA) are used to model the emergence of linguistic uniformity in the Cape Dutch speech community. The book also examines language contact and creolization in the early settlement, the role of Afrikaner nationalism in shaping language attitudes and linguistic practices, and the influence of English. As a case study in historical sociolinguistics the book calls into question the traditional view of the emergence of an Afrikaans standard norm, and advocates a strongly sociolinguistic, speaker-orientated approach to language history in general, and standardization studies in particular.
Book Synopsis Taming the Vernacular by : Jenny Cheshire
Download or read book Taming the Vernacular written by Jenny Cheshire and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taming the Vernacular: From Dialect to Written Standard Language examines the differences between 'standard' and 'nonstandard' varieties of several different languages. Not only are some of the best-known languages of Europe represented here, but also some that have been less well-researched in the past. The chapters address the syntax of Dutch, English, French, Finnish, Galician, German and Spanish. For these languages, and many others, it is the standard varieties on which the most extensive syntactic research has been carried out, with the result that very little is known about the syntax of their dialects or the spoken colloquial varieties. The editors of this volume seek to redress the balance by taking a cross-linguistic perspective on the historical development of the standardised varieties. This allows them to identify some common characteristics of spoken language. It also helps the reader to understand the kinds of filtering processes that are involved in standardization, which result in the syntax of spoken colloquial language being different from the syntax of the standard varieties. Taming the Vernacular: From Dialect to Written Standard Language is suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate students of Linguistics, particularly those taking courses in sociolinguistics, dialectology, and historical linguistics. The focus on a variety of languages also makes this text suitable for students studying courses which cover the linguistic aspects of European languages.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Standards and Resources for Spoken Language Systems by : Dafydd Gibbon
Download or read book Handbook of Standards and Resources for Spoken Language Systems written by Dafydd Gibbon and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 1997 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Social Life of the Japanese Language by : Shigeko Okamoto
Download or read book The Social Life of the Japanese Language written by Shigeko Okamoto and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-04 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the historical construction of language norms and its relationship to actual language use in contemporary Japan.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of African Languages by : Rainer Vossen
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of African Languages written by Rainer Vossen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of current research in African languages, drawing on insights from anthropological linguistics, typology, historical and comparative linguistics, and sociolinguistics. Africa is believed to host at least one third of the world's languages, usually classified into four phyla - Niger-Congo, Afro-Asiatic, Nilo-Saharan, and Khoisan - which are then subdivided into further families and subgroupings. This volume explores all aspects of research in the field, beginning with chapters that cover the major domains of grammar and comparative approaches. Later parts provide overviews of the phyla and subfamilies, alongside grammatical sketches of eighteen representative African languages of diverse genetic affiliation. The volume additionally explores multiple other topics relating to African languages and linguistics, with a particular focus on extralinguistic issues: language, cognition, and culture, including colour terminology and conversation analysis; language and society, including language contact and endangerment; language and history; and language and orature. This wide-ranging handbook will be a valuable reference for scholars and students in all areas of African linguistics and anthropology, and for anyone interested in descriptive, documentary, typological, and comparative linguistics.
Book Synopsis Spanish/English Codeswitching in a Written Corpus by : Laura Callahan
Download or read book Spanish/English Codeswitching in a Written Corpus written by Laura Callahan and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanish/English codeswitching in published work represents a claim to the right to participate in the marketplace on a bilingual and not just monolingual basis. This book offers a syntactic and sociolinguistic analysis of the codeswitching in a corpus of thirty texts: novels and short stories published in the United States by twenty-four authors between 1970-2000. An application of the Matrix Language Frame model shows that written codeswitching follows for the most part the same syntactic patterns as its spoken counterpart. The reasons why some written codeswitching is considered to be artificial or inauthentic are examined. An overview of written codeswitching research is given, including titles of many texts in addition to the corpus that contain codeswitching between diverse languages. The book concludes with a look at how codeswitching is used by writers to attain their objectives, and what the implications may be for the relative positions of Spanish, English, and Spanish/English codeswitching in the United States.
Book Synopsis Manual of Standardization in the Romance Languages by : Franz Lebsanft
Download or read book Manual of Standardization in the Romance Languages written by Franz Lebsanft and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-01-20 with total page 871 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language standardization is an ongoing process based on the notions of linguistic correctness and models. This manual contains thirty-six chapters that deal with the theories of linguistic norms and give a comprehensive up-to-date description and analysis of the standardization processes in the Romance languages. The first section presents the essential approaches to the concept of linguistic norm ranging from antiquity to the present, and includes individual chapters on the notion of linguistic norms and correctness in classical grammar and rhetoric, in the Prague School, in the linguistic theory of Eugenio Coseriu, in sociolinguistics as well as in pragmatics, cognitive and discourse linguistics. The second section focuses on the application of these notions with respect to the Romance languages. It examines in detail the normative grammar and the normative dictionary as the reference tools for language codification and modernization of those languages that have a long and well-established written tradition, i.e. Romanian, Italian, French, Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese. Furthermore, the volume offers a discussion of the key issues regarding the standardization of the ‘minor’ Romance languages as well as Creoles.
Book Synopsis Language Smugglers by : Arianne Des Rochers
Download or read book Language Smugglers written by Arianne Des Rochers and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2023-08-10 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translation is commonly understood as the rendering of a text from one language to another a border-crossing activity, where the border is a linguistic one. But what if the text one is translating is not written in one language; indeed, what if no text is ever written in a single language? In recent years, many books of fiction and poetry published in so-called Canada, especially by queer, racialized and Indigenous writers, have challenged the structural notions of linguistic autonomy and singularity that underlie not only the formation of the nation-state, but the bulk of Western translation theory and the field of comparative literature. Language Smugglers argues that the postnational cartographies of language found in minoritized Canadian literary works force a radical redefinition of the activity of translation altogether. Canada is revealed as an especially rich site for this study, with its official bilingualism and multiculturalism policies, its robust translation industry and practitioners, and the strong challenges to its national narratives and accompanying language politics presented by Indigenous people, the province of Québec, and high levels of immigration.
