Development Of Ecotoxicity Tests

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Statistical Analysis of Ecotoxicity Studies

Author : John W. Green
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119088348
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Analysis of Ecotoxicity Studies by : John W. Green

Download or read book Statistical Analysis of Ecotoxicity Studies written by John W. Green and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to the issues relevant to the design, analysis, and interpretation of toxicity studies that examine chemicals for use in the environment Statistical Analysis of Ecotoxicity Studies offers a guide to the design, analysis, and interpretation of a range of experiments that are used to assess the toxicity of chemicals. While the book highlights ecotoxicity studies, the methods presented are applicable to the broad range of toxicity studies. The text contains myriad datasets (from laboratory and field research) that clearly illustrate the book's topics. The datasets reveal the techniques, pitfalls, and precautions derived from these studies. The text includes information on recently developed methods for the analysis of severity scores and other ordered responses, as well as extensive power studies of competing tests and computer simulation studies of regression models that offer an understanding of the sensitivity (or lack thereof) of various methods and the quality of parameter estimates from regression models. The authors also discuss the regulatory process indicating how test guidelines are developed and review the statistical methodology in current or pending OECD and USEPA ecotoxicity guidelines. This important guide: Offers the information needed for the design and analysis to a wide array of ecotoxicity experiments and to the development of international test guidelines used to assess the toxicity of chemicals Contains a thorough examination of the statistical issues that arise in toxicity studies, especially ecotoxicity Includes an introduction to toxicity experiments and statistical analysis basics Includes programs in R and excel Covers the analysis of continuous and Quantal data, analysis of data as well as Regulatory Issues Presents additional topics (Mesocosm and Microplate experiments, mixtures of chemicals, benchmark dose models, and limit tests) as well as software Written for directors, scientists, regulators, and technicians, Statistical Analysis of Ecotoxicity Studies provides a sound understanding of the technical and practical issues in designing, analyzing, and interpreting toxicity studies to support or challenge chemicals for use in the environment.

Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309109922
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century by : National Research Council

Download or read book Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-05 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in molecular biology and toxicology are paving the way for major improvements in the evaluation of the hazards posed by the large number of chemicals found at low levels in the environment. The National Research Council was asked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review the state of the science and create a far-reaching vision for the future of toxicity testing. The book finds that developing, improving, and validating new laboratory tools based on recent scientific advances could significantly improve our ability to understand the hazards and risks posed by chemicals. This new knowledge would lead to much more informed environmental regulations and dramatically reduce the need for animal testing because the new tests would be based on human cells and cell components. Substantial scientific efforts and resources will be required to leverage these new technologies to realize the vision, but the result will be a more efficient, informative and less costly system for assessing the hazards posed by industrial chemicals and pesticides.

Development of Ecotoxicity and Toxicity Testing of Chemicals

Author :
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9789289305884
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Ecotoxicity and Toxicity Testing of Chemicals by :

Download or read book Development of Ecotoxicity and Toxicity Testing of Chemicals written by and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2001 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Soil Ecotoxicology

Author : Joseph Tarradellas
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781566701341
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Ecotoxicology by : Joseph Tarradellas

Download or read book Soil Ecotoxicology written by Joseph Tarradellas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-12-23 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soils are receptacles for a wide range of hazardous chemicals generated by human activities. Whether or not this contamination is deliberate, accurate toxicity assessments are important for health and economic reasons. Soil Ecotoxicology discusses the sources, fate, and transport of hazardous chemicals in soils. The fate (biodegradation and modeling) and the potential impacts of pesticides on soil ecosystems are emphasized, and methodologies for performing toxicity assessments are provided.

Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309048753
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children by : National Research Council

Download or read book Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many of the pesticides applied to food crops in this country are present in foods and may pose risks to human health. Current regulations are intended to protect the health of the general population by controlling pesticide use. This book explores whether the present regulatory approaches adequately protect infants and children, who may differ from adults in susceptibility and in dietary exposures to pesticide residues. The committee focuses on four major areas: Susceptibility: Are children more susceptible or less susceptible than adults to the effects of dietary exposure to pesticides? Exposure: What foods do infants and children eat, and which pesticides and how much of them are present in those foods? Is the current information on consumption and residues adequate to estimate exposure? Toxicity: Are toxicity tests in laboratory animals adequate to predict toxicity in human infants and children? Do the extent and type of toxicity of some chemicals vary by species and by age? Assessing risk: How is dietary exposure to pesticide residues associated with response? How can laboratory data on lifetime exposures of animals be used to derive meaningful estimates of risk to children? Does risk accumulate more rapidly during the early years of life? This book will be of interest to policymakers, administrators of research in the public and private sectors, toxicologists, pediatricians and other health professionals, and the pesticide industry.

The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128136987
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology by :

Download or read book The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-20 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology uses a chronological approach to demonstrate how the use of alternative methods has evolved from their conception as adjuncts to traditional animal toxicity tests to replacements for them. This volume in the History of Toxicology and Environmental Health series explores the history of alternative test development, validation, and use, with an emphasis on humanity and good science, in line with the Three Rs (Replacement,Reduction, Refinement) concept expounded by William Russell and Rex Burch in 1959 in their now classic volume, The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. The book describes the historical development of technologies that have influenced the application of alternatives in toxicology and safety testing. These range from single cell monocultures to sophisticated, miniaturised and microfluidic organism-on-a-chip devices, and also include molecular modelling, chemoinformatics and QSAR analysis, and the use of stem cells, tissue engineering and hollow fibre bioreactors. This has been facilitated by the wider availability of human tissues, advances in tissue culture, analytical and diagnostic methods, increases in computational processing, capabilities, and a greater understanding of cell biology and molecular mechanisms of toxicity. These technological developments have enhanced the range and information content of the toxicity endpoints detected, and therefore the relevance of test systems and data interpretation, while new techniques for non-invasive diagnostic imaging and high resolution detection methods have permitted an increased role for human studies. Several key examples of how these technologies are being harnessed to meet 21st century safety assessment challenges are provided, including their deployment in integrated testing schemes in conjunction with kinetic modelling, and in specialized areas, such as inhalation toxicity studies. The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology uses a chronological approach to demonstrate how the use of alternative methods has evolved from their conception as adjuncts to traditional animal toxicity tests to replacements for them. This volume in the History of Toxicology and Environmental Health series explores the history of alternative test development, validation, and use, with an emphasis on humanity and good science, in line with the Three Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) concept expounded by William Russell and Rex Burch in 1959 in their now-classic volume, The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. The book describes the historical development of technologies that have influenced the application of alternatives in toxicology and safety testing. These range from single cell monocultures to sophisticated miniaturised and microfluidic organism-on-a-chip devices, and also include molecular modelling, chemoinformatics and QSAR analysis, and the use of stem cells, tissue engineering and hollow fibre bioreactors. This has been facilitated by the wider availability of human tissues, advances in tissue culture, analytical and diagnostic methods, increases in computational processing capabilities, and a greater understanding of cell biology and molecular mechanisms of toxicity. These technological developments have enhanced the range and information content of the toxicity endpoints detected, and therefore the relevance of test systems and data interpretation, while new techniques for non-invasive diagnostic imaging and high resolution detection methods have permitted an increased role for human studies. Several key examples of how these technologies are being harnessed to meet 21st century safety assessment challenges are provided, including their deployment in integrated testing schemes in conjunction with kinetic modelling, and in specialised areas, such as inhalation toxicity studies.

Development of Ecotoxicity and Toxicity Testing of Chemicals

Author : Nordre Co-ordination Group for the Development of Test Methods for Toxicology and Ecotoxicology Network Meeting
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9789289300162
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Ecotoxicity and Toxicity Testing of Chemicals by : Nordre Co-ordination Group for the Development of Test Methods for Toxicology and Ecotoxicology Network Meeting

Download or read book Development of Ecotoxicity and Toxicity Testing of Chemicals written by Nordre Co-ordination Group for the Development of Test Methods for Toxicology and Ecotoxicology Network Meeting and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 1997 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Test No. 421: Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264070966
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Test No. 421: Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test by : OECD

Download or read book Test No. 421: Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1995-07-27 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The test substance is administered in graduated doses to several groups of males and females. Males should be dosed for a minimum of four weeks. Females should be dosed throughout the study, so approximately 54 days. This Test Guideline is designed ...

Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309164869
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents by : National Research Council

Download or read book Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-04-07 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicity testing in laboratory animals provides much of the information used by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to assess the hazards and risks associated with exposure to environmental agents that might harm public health or the environment. The data are used to establish maximum acceptable concentrations of environmental agents in drinking water, set permissible limits of exposure of workers, define labeling requirements, establish tolerances for pesticides residues on food, and set other kinds of limits on the basis of risk assessment. Because the number of regulations that require toxicity testing is growing, EPA called for a comprehensive review of established and emerging toxicity-testing methods and strategies. This interim report reviews current toxicity-testing methods and strategies and near-term improvements in toxicity-testing approaches proposed by EPA and others. It identifies several recurring themes and questions in the various reports reviewed. The final report will present a long-range vision and strategic plan to advance the practices of toxicity testing and human health assessment of environmental contaminants.

Behavioural Ecotoxicology

Author : Giacomo Dell'Omo
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471968528
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioural Ecotoxicology by : Giacomo Dell'Omo

Download or read book Behavioural Ecotoxicology written by Giacomo Dell'Omo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-05-22 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavioural ecotoxicology is an emerging field dealing with the effects of environmental pollutants on the behaviour of animals. Behavioural techniques derived from experimental psychology, behavioural pharmacology and neurotoxicology are applied to detect and characterise changes in animals living in the environment exposed to various pollutants. Behavioural effects are then interpreted in an ecological context considering the long-term relevance of these changes at both the individual and population level.

EPA-600/3

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis EPA-600/3 by :

Download or read book EPA-600/3 written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance Document on Considerations for Waiving or Bridging of Mammalian Acute Toxicity Tests

Download OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance Document on Considerations for Waiving or Bridging of Mammalian Acute Toxicity Tests PDF Online Free

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264274758
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance Document on Considerations for Waiving or Bridging of Mammalian Acute Toxicity Tests by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance Document on Considerations for Waiving or Bridging of Mammalian Acute Toxicity Tests written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-04-13 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acute toxicity tests are an area of focus for developing alternative assays and approaches to address animal welfare concerns. In the context of this document, acute toxicity studies refer to studies involving a single exposure to a test chemical and include those assessing systemic toxicity as ...

OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals

Author : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publisher : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Montréal : Renouf]
ISBN 13 : 9789264122215
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (222 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals by : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Montréal : Renouf]. This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Short-term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Short-term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms by :

Download or read book Short-term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Encyclopedia of Aquatic Ecotoxicology

Author : Jean-Francois Férard
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400750401
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (54 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Aquatic Ecotoxicology by : Jean-Francois Férard

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Aquatic Ecotoxicology written by Jean-Francois Férard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its 104 chapters, this Encyclopedia of aquatic ecotoxicology reveals the diversity of issues, problems and challenges that have faced, and are facing today, receiving environments. It also indicates ways by which tools, strategies and future investigations can contribute to correct, minimize, solve and prevent water quality degradation. Structured homogeneously, the chapters convey salient information on historical background, features, characteristics, uses and/or applications of treated topics, often complemented by illustrations and case studies, as well as by conclusions and prospects. This work is most suitable for teaching purposes. Academics, for example, could literally deliver comprehensive lectures to students simply based on chapter outlines and contents. Meet the Authors of the Encyclopedia! Check out 'Meet the Authors' under ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (Right menu).

Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians

Author : Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians by : Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms

Download or read book Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians written by Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Alternatives to Animal Testing

Author : Hajime Kojima
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811324476
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternatives to Animal Testing by : Hajime Kojima

Download or read book Alternatives to Animal Testing written by Hajime Kojima and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-27 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the more ethical use of animals in experiments – replacement, reduction, and refinement, collectively known as the 3Rs. Important examples from across the world of implementation of the 3Rs in the testing of cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides, and biologics, including vaccines, are described, with additional information on relevant regulations. The coverage also encompasses emerging approaches to alternative tests and the 3Rs. The book is based on the most informative contributions delivered at the Asian Congress 2016 on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences. It will be of value for those working in R&D, for graduate students, and for educators in various fields, including the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, and animal welfare. The free, open access distribution of Alternatives to Animal Testing is enabled by the Creative Commons Attribution license in International version 4: CC BY 4.0.