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Development Of Continuous Solvent Extraction Processes For Coal Derived Carbon Products
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Book Synopsis Development of Continuous Solvent Extraction Processes for Coal Derived Carbon Products by :
Download or read book Development of Continuous Solvent Extraction Processes for Coal Derived Carbon Products written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis DEVELOPMENT OF CONTINUOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTION PROCESSES FOR COAL DERIVED CARBON PRODUCTS. by : John W. Zondlo
Download or read book DEVELOPMENT OF CONTINUOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTION PROCESSES FOR COAL DERIVED CARBON PRODUCTS. written by John W. Zondlo and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this DOE-funded effort is to develop continuous processes for solvent extraction of coal for the production of carbon products. The largest applications are those which support metals smelting, such as anodes for aluminum smelting and electrodes for arc furnaces. Other carbon products include materials used in creating fuels for the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell, and porous carbon structural material referred to as ''carbon foam'' and carbon fibers. During this reporting period, hydrotreatment of solvent was completed in preparation for pitch fabrication for graphite electrodes. Coal digestion has lagged but is expected to be complete by next quarter. Studies are reported on coal dissolution, pitch production, foam synthesis using physical blowing agents, and alternate coking techniques.
Book Synopsis PRODUCTION OF CARBON PRODUCTS USING A COAL EXTRACTION PROCESS. by : Peter G. Stansberry
Download or read book PRODUCTION OF CARBON PRODUCTS USING A COAL EXTRACTION PROCESS. written by Peter G. Stansberry and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory sponsored project developed carbon products, using mildly hydrogenated solvents to extract the organic portion of coal to create synthetic pitches, cokes, carbon foam and carbon fibers. The focus of this effort was on development of lower cost solvents, milder hydrogenation conditions and improved yield in order to enable practical production of these products. This technology is needed because of the long-term decline in production of domestic feedstocks such as petroleum pitch and coal tar pitch. Currently, carbon products represents a market of roughly 5 million tons domestically, and 19 million tons worldwide. Carbon products are mainly derived from feedstocks such as petroleum pitch and coal tar pitch. The domestic supply of petroleum pitch is declining because of the rising price of liquid fuels, which has caused US refineries to maximize liquid fuel production. As a consequence, the long term trend has a decline in production of petroleum pitch over the past 20 years. The production of coal tar pitch, as in the case of petroleum pitch, has likewise declined significantly over the past two decades. Coal tar pitch is a byproduct of metallurgical grade coke (metcoke) production. In this industry, modern metcoke facilities are recycling coal tar as fuel in order to enhance energy efficiency and minimize environmental emissions. Metcoke production itself is dependent upon the production requirements for domestic steel. Hence, several metcoke ovens have been decommissioned over the past two decades and have not been replaced. As a consequence sources of coal tar are being taken off line and are not being replaced. The long-term trend is a reduction in coal tar pitch production. Thus import of feedstocks, mainly from Eastern Europe and China, is on the rise despite the relatively large transportation cost. To reverse this trend, a new process for producing carbon products is needed. The process must be economically competitive with current processes, and yet be environmentally friendly as well. The solvent extraction process developed uses mild hydrogenation of low cost oils to create powerful solvents that can dissolve the organic portion of coal. The insoluble portion, consisting mainly of mineral matter and fixed carbon, is removed via centrifugation or filtration, leaving a liquid solution of coal chemicals and solvent. This solution can be further refined via distillation to meet specifications for products such as synthetic pitches, cokes, carbon foam and fibers. The most economical process recycles 85% of the solvent, which itself is obtained as a low-cost byproduct from industrial processes such as coal tar or petroleum refining. Alternatively, processes have been developed that can recycle 100% of the solvent, avoiding any need for products derived from petroleum or coal tar.
Book Synopsis Optimization and Production of Advanced Carbon Materials from Coal Solvent-extraction Pilot Plant by : Yi Yao
Download or read book Optimization and Production of Advanced Carbon Materials from Coal Solvent-extraction Pilot Plant written by Yi Yao and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal, as one of the most important energy sources, particularly for Wyoming, to fully take advantage of its vast coal resources is crucial for economic growth, environmental preservation, and maintaining competitiveness. In this work. Firstly, a 65% coal extraction yield has been achieved in the coal solvent-extraction pilot plant with a modified internal structure in the reactor. The mass balance of the whole system has been tested and verified in a 10-hour continuous run. A distillation tower has been established and connected to the reactor system for continues solvent and extract separation. Secondly, the products obtained from the pilot plant were characterized and explored for potential applications. Through the combination of coal extract with PAN polymer materials, we successfully manufactured carbon nanofiber (CNFs) products through the electrical spinning method. The carbonized products exhibited a specific surface area of 389 m2/g and a rich nano-porous structure. This CNFs product has been proven to possess a high capacitance of 325 F/g at 0.5 A/g when used as supercapacitor electrode materials. Furthermore, we explored the production of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using coal extraction residues. We successfully synthesized and separated highly pure CQDs with ordered morphology and an average size of 3.5 nm. These carbon quantum dots displayed outstanding fluorescence properties, and their high surface polarity facilitated easy dispersion in aqueous solutions, offering broad application potential. This research showcases a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and economically viable aspect of the coal industry through advanced coal utilization technologies coupled with high-value carbon material production techniques.
Book Synopsis RESEARCH ON CARBON PRODUCTS FROM COAL USING AN EXTRACTIVE PROCESS. by :
Download or read book RESEARCH ON CARBON PRODUCTS FROM COAL USING AN EXTRACTIVE PROCESS. written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the results of a one-year effort directed at the exploration of the use of coal as a feedstock for a variety of industrially-relevant carbon products. The work was basically divided into three focus areas. The first area dealt with the acquisition of laboratory equipment to aid in the analysis and characterization of both the raw coal and the coal-derived feedstocks. Improvements were also made on the coal-extraction pilot plant which will now allow larger quantities of feedstock to be produced. Mass and energy balances were also performed on the pilot plant in an attempt to evaluate the scale-up potential of the process. The second focus area dealt with exploring hydrogenation conditions specifically aimed at testing several less-expensive candidate hydrogen-donor solvents. Through a process of filtration and vacuum distillation, viable pitch products were produced and evaluated. Moreover, a recycle solvent was also isolated so that the overall solvent balance in the system could be maintained. The effect of variables such as gas pressure and gas atmosphere were evaluated. The pitch product was analyzed and showed low ash content, reasonable yield, good coking value and a coke with anisotropic optical texture. A unique plot of coke yield vs. pitch softening point was discovered to be independent of reaction conditions or hydrogen-donor solvent. The third area of research centered on the investigation of alternate extraction solvents and processing conditions for the solvent extraction step. A wide variety of solvents, co-solvents and enhancement additives were tested with varying degrees of success. For the extraction of raw coal, the efficacy of the alternate solvents when compared to the benchmark solvent, N-methyl pyrrolidone, was not good. However when the same coal was partially hydrogenated prior to solvent extraction, all solvents showed excellent results even for extractions performed at room temperature. Standard analyses of the extraction products indicated that they had the requisite properties of viable carbon-product precursors.
Book Synopsis Coal Extract Separation Techniques and Alternative Solvent Options for Continuous Coal Extraction Pilot Plant by : Alexis Rose Mundt
Download or read book Coal Extract Separation Techniques and Alternative Solvent Options for Continuous Coal Extraction Pilot Plant written by Alexis Rose Mundt and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research is sponsored by the Wyoming Carbon Engineering Initiative, a state fundedprogram that seeks to convert Wyoming subbituminous coal into primarily non-fuel higher valuedproducts to revitalize Wyoming’s economy. One focus of this initiative is a proposed continuouscoal extraction pilot plant that will produce cleaner, ash free coal by solvent extraction, a coal toliquids conversion process where the organic matter in coal is dissolved in an organic solvent. This study examined the feasibility of possible post-extraction separation techniques ofcoal in solvent for the proposed pilot plant. Filtration of coal extract in tetralin was analyzed torecommend the filter size for the pilot plant. Bench top toluene and cyclohexane recrystallizationexperiments were performed to examine the effects of solvent and recrystallization temperature onthe split between the soluble and insoluble fraction during extract recrystallization. Tetralin was initially identified as the solvent of choice for the pilot plant. Though it is anexcellent hydrogen donating solvent, tetralin is expensive and presents possible health hazards infinal products. Alternative extraction solvents were examined in this study. Ampoules of coal andvarious solvents were tested at 200, 250, 300, and 350°C using a Teflon lined hydrothermalautoclave and high-pressure stainless-steel tube reactors. The results suggested that phenol andethylene glycol are potential alternative solvents. It was also concluded that treating the coalsample with acid prior to extraction increased the effectiveness of solvent extraction with phenoland tetralin. A variety of analytical methods was used to characterize extracted products.
Book Synopsis Solvent Extraction of Coal by : Janet R. Pullen
Download or read book Solvent Extraction of Coal written by Janet R. Pullen and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book رالف رزق الله في المرآة written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1782 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2007 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2007 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 1782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :982 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (129 download)
Book Synopsis ERDA Energy Research Abstracts by : United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 982 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1490 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2009 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2009 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 1490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis ERDA Research Abstracts by : United States. Energy Research and Development Administration
Download or read book ERDA Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Solvent Extraction Processes for the H.t.g.c.r. Fuel Cycle Part 3. Chemical Data for the Extraction of Actinides and Fission Products from Aqueous Beryllium Sulphate Solutions Using Amines by : John Joseph Fardy
Download or read book Development of Solvent Extraction Processes for the H.t.g.c.r. Fuel Cycle Part 3. Chemical Data for the Extraction of Actinides and Fission Products from Aqueous Beryllium Sulphate Solutions Using Amines written by John Joseph Fardy and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1716 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (9 download)
Book Synopsis Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2008: Dept. of Energy FY 2008 budget justifications: science, nuclear waste disposal, defense nuclear waste disposal by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2008: Dept. of Energy FY 2008 budget justifications: science, nuclear waste disposal, defense nuclear waste disposal written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 1716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis ERDA Energy Research Abstracts by : United States. Energy Research and Development Administration
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water, and Related Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1800 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Energy and Water, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2007 by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water, and Related Agencies
Download or read book Energy and Water, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2007 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 1800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: