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Development Of An External Fuel Processor For A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
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Book Synopsis Development of an External Fuel Processor for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell by :
Download or read book Development of an External Fuel Processor for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 250 kW External Fuel Processor was developed and tested that will supply the gases needed by a pipeline natural gas fueled, solid oxide fuel cell during all modes of operation. The fuel processor consists of three major subsystems--a desulfurizer to remove fuel sulfur to an acceptable level, a synthesis gas generator to support plant heat-up and low load fuel cell operations, and a start gas generator to supply a non-flammable, reducing gas to the fuel cell during startup and shutdown operations. The desulfurization subsystem uses a selective catalytic sulfur oxidation process that was developed for operation at elevated pressure and removes the fuel sulfur to a total sulfur content of less than 80 ppbv. The synthesis gas generation subsystem uses a waterless, catalytic partial oxidation reactor to produce a hydrogen-rich mixture from the natural gas and air. An operating window was defined that allows carbon-free operation while maintaining catalyst temperatures that will ensure long-life of the reactor. The start gas subsystem generates an oxygen-free, reducing gas from the pipeline natural gas using a low-temperature combustion technique. These physically and thermally integrated subsystems comprise the 250 kW External Fuel Processor. The 250 kW External Fuel Processor was tested at the Rolls-Royce facility in North Canton, Ohio to verify process performance and for comparison with design specifications. A step wise operation of the automatic controls through the startup, normal operation and shutdown sequences allowed the control system to be tuned and verified. A fully automated system was achieved that brings the fuel processor through its startup procedure, and then await commands from the fuel cell generator module for fuel supply and shutdown. The fuel processor performance met all design specifications. The 250 kW External Fuel Processor was shipped to an American Electric Power site where it will be tested with a Rolls-Royce solid oxide fuel cell generator module.
Book Synopsis Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology by : K Huang
Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology written by K Huang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-07-30 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology is a promising power generation option that features high electrical efficiency and low emissions of environmentally polluting gases such as CO2, NOox and SOx. It is ideal for distributed stationary power generation applications where both high-efficiency electricity and high-quality heat are in strong demand. For the past few decades, SOFC technology has attracted intense worldwide R&D effort and, along with polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology, has undergone extensive commercialization development. This book presents a systematic and in-depth narrative of the technology from the perspective of fundamentals, providing comprehensive theoretical analysis and innovative characterization techniques for SOFC technology. The book initially deals with the basics and development of SOFC technology from cell materials to fundamental thermodynamics, electronic properties of solids and charged particle transport. This coverage is extended with a thorough analysis of such operational features as current flow and energy balance, and on to voltage losses and electrical efficiency. Furthermore, the book also covers the important issues of fuel cell stability and durability with chapters on performance characterization, fuel processing, and electrode poisoning. Finally, the book provides a comprehensive review for SOFC materials and fabrication techniques. A series of useful scientific appendices rounds off the book. Solid oxide fuel cell technology is a standard reference for all those researching this important field as well as those working in the power industry. Provides a comprehensive review of solid oxide fuel cells from history and design to chemistry and materials development Presents analysis of operational features including current flow, energy balance, voltage losses and electrical efficiency Explores fuel cell stability and durability with specific chapters examining performance characterization, fuel processing and electrode poisoning
Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Bin Zhu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-12 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents innovative approaches towards affordable, highly efficient, and reliable sustainable energy systems Written by leading experts on the subject, this book provides not only a basic introduction and understanding of conventional fuel cell principle, but also an updated view of the most recent developments in this field. It focuses on the new energy conversion technologies based on both electrolyte and electrolyte-free fuel cells?from advanced novel ceria-based composite electrolyte low temperature solid oxide fuel cells to non-electrolyte fuel cells as advanced fuel-to-electricity conversion technology. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: From Electrolyte-Based to Electrolyte-Free Devices is divided into three parts. Part I covers the latest developments of anode, electrolyte, and cathode materials as well as the SOFC technologies. Part II discusses the non-electrolyte or semiconductor-based membrane fuel cells. Part III focuses on engineering efforts on materials, technology, devices and stack developments, and looks at various applications and new opportunities of SOFC using both the electrolyte and non-electrolyte principles, including integrated fuel cell systems with electrolysis, solar energy, and more. -Offers knowledge on how to realize highly efficient fuel cells with novel device structures -Shows the opportunity to transform the future fuel cell markets and the possibility to commercialize fuel cells in an extended range of applications -Presents a unique collection of contributions on the development of solid oxide fuel cells from electrolyte based to non-electrolyte-based technology -Provides a more comprehensive understanding of the advances in fuel cells and bridges the knowledge from traditional SOFC to the new concept -Allows readers to track the development from the conventional SOFC to the non-electrolyte or single-component fuel cell Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: From Electrolyte-Based to Electrolyte-Free Devices will serve as an important reference work to students, scientists, engineers, researchers, and technology developers in the fuel cell field.
Book Synopsis High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for the 21st Century by : Kevin Kendall
Download or read book High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for the 21st Century written by Kevin Kendall and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-11-21 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Second Edition, explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy. The text brings the topic of green energy front and center, illustrating the need for new books that provide comprehensive and practical information on specific types of fuel cells and their applications. This landmark volume on solid oxide fuel cells contains contributions from experts of international repute, and provides a single source of the latest knowledge on this topic. A single source for all the latest information on solid oxide fuel cells and their applications Illustrates the need for new, more comprehensive books and study on the topic Explores the growing interest in fuel cells as viable, sustainable sources of energy
Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Meng Ni and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013-08-16 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are promising electrochemical power generation devices that can convert chemical energy of a fuel into electricity in an efficient, environmental-friendly, and quiet manner. Due to their high operating temperature, SOFCs feature fuel flexibility as internal reforming of hydrocarbon fuels and ammonia thermal cracking can be realized in SOFC anode. This book presents an overview of the SOFC technology with a focus on the recent developments in new technologies and new ideas for addressing the key issues of SOFC development. This book first introduces the fundamental principles of SOFCs and compares SOFC technology with conventional heat engines as well as low temperature fuel cells. Then the latest developments in SOFC R&D are reviewed and future directions are discussed. Key issues related to SOFC performance improvement, long-term stability, mathematical modelling, as well as system integration/control are addressed, including material development, infiltration technique for nano-structured electrode fabrication, focused ion beam – scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) technique for microstructure reconstruction, the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) simulation at pore scale, multi-scale modelling, SOFC integration with buildings and other cycles for stationary applications.
Download or read book Fuel Cell Engineering written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-08-14 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel cells are attractive electrochemical energy converters featuring potentially very high thermodynamic efficiency factors. The focus of this volume of Advances in Chemical Engineering is on quantitative approaches, particularly based on chemical engineering principles, to analyze, control and optimize the steady state and dynamic behavior of low and high temperature fuel cells (PEMFC, DMFC, SOFC) to be applied in mobile and stationary systems. Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings using original reviews Written by leading industry experts and scholars Reviews and analyzes developments in the field
Book Synopsis Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Operating on Alternative and Renewable Fuels by :
Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Operating on Alternative and Renewable Fuels written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This DOE project at the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) initially involved Siemens Energy, Inc. to (1) develop new fuel processing approaches for using selected alternative and renewable fuels - anaerobic digester gas (ADG) and commercial diesel fuel (with 15 ppm sulfur) - in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power generation systems; and (2) conduct integrated fuel processor - SOFC system tests to evaluate the performance of the fuel processors and overall systems. Siemens Energy Inc. was to provide SOFC system to Penn State for testing. The Siemens work was carried out at Siemens Energy Inc. in Pittsburgh, PA. The unexpected restructuring in Siemens organization, however, led to the elimination of the Siemens Stationary Fuel Cell Division within the company. Unfortunately, this led to the Siemens subcontract with Penn State ending on September 23rd, 2010. SOFC system was never delivered to Penn State. With the assistance of NETL project manager, the Penn State team has since developed a collaborative research with Delphi as the new subcontractor and this work involved the testing of a stack of planar solid oxide fuel cells from Delphi.
Book Synopsis Performance Comparison Between Methane Steam Reforming and Decomposition for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System with Carbon Capture by :
Download or read book Performance Comparison Between Methane Steam Reforming and Decomposition for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System with Carbon Capture written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To propose the alternative hydrogen production of methane decomposition (MD) as a fuel processor to replace methane steam reforming (MSR) in the conventional solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system. In this work, comparison between the MD integrated with SOFC (MD-SOFC) and the MSR integrated with SOFC (MSR-SOFC) was performed in terms of SOFC performances and economic to demonstrate a benefit of using MD as a fuel processor. The performance analysis of SOFC system is evaluated based on thermally self-sufficient condition where no external energy is required for the system. Although the MD-SOFC system offers lower overall electrical efficiency than that of the MSR-SOFC as solid carbon is generated without being further combusted to generate energy; however, the MD-SOFC stack can be operated at higher power density due to high purity of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell, resulting in higher stack cell electrical efficiency and smaller size of the system when compared to the MSR-SOFC. Moreover, the MD-SOFC system is less complicated and lower energy requirement than that of the MSR-SOFC as the CCS facility is not necessary to be included to reduce CO2 emission. Economic analysis demonstrated that the SOFC system with MD is more competitive than the conventional system with MSR when considering the valuable by-products of solid carbon even with the low valued carbon black. Finally, it is recommended that the success of this proposed SOFC system with MD relies on the technology development on cogeneration of hydrogen and valuable carbon products. In order to achieve the higher overall electrical efficiency, the carbon product may be utilized to generate additional electrical power using direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC).
Book Synopsis Development of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Utilizing Alternative Fuels by : Mark S. LaBarbera
Download or read book Development of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Utilizing Alternative Fuels written by Mark S. LaBarbera and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fuel Cells and Hydrogen by : Viktor Hacker
Download or read book Fuel Cells and Hydrogen written by Viktor Hacker and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-07-20 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen: From Fundamentals to Applied Research provides an overview of the basic principles of fuel cell and hydrogen technology, which subsequently allows the reader to delve more deeply into applied research. In addition to covering the basic principles of fuel cells and hydrogen technologies, the book examines the principles and methods to develop and test fuel cells, the evaluation of the performance and lifetime of fuel cells and the concepts of hydrogen production. Fuel Cells and Hydrogen: From Fundamentals to Applied Research acts as an invaluable reference book for fuel cell developers and students, researchers in industry entering the area of fuel cells and lecturers teaching fuel cells and hydrogen technology. Includes laboratory methods for fuel cell characterization and manufacture Outlines approaches in modelling components, cells and stacks Covers practical and theoretical methods for hydrogen production and storage
Book Synopsis Development and Simulation of a Highly Integrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell by : Christian Wesemeyer
Download or read book Development and Simulation of a Highly Integrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell written by Christian Wesemeyer and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design and Operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Mahdi Sharifzadeh
Download or read book Design and Operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Mahdi Sharifzadeh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design and Operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: The Systems Engineering Vision for Industrial Application presents a comprehensive, critical and accessible review of the latest research in the field of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). As well as discussing the theoretical aspects of the field, the book explores a diverse range of power applications, such as hybrid power plants, polygeneration, distributed electricity generation, energy storage and waste management—all with a focus on modeling and computational skills. Dr. Sharifzadeh presents the associated risks and limitations throughout the discussion, providing a very complete and thorough analysis of SOFCs and their control and operation in power plants. The first of its kind, this book will be of particular interest to energy engineers, industry experts and academic researchers in the energy, power and transportation industries, as well as those working and researching in the chemical, environmental and material sectors. Closes the gap between various power engineering disciples by considering a diverse variety of applications and sectors Presents and reviews a variety of modeling techniques and considers regulations throughout Includes CFD modeling examples and process simulation and optimization programming guidance
Book Synopsis Modeling Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Roberto Bove
Download or read book Modeling Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Roberto Bove and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-20 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book fills the need for a practical reference for all scientists and graduate students who are seeking to define a mathematical model for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) simulation. Structured in two parts, part one presents the basic theory, and the general equations describing SOFC operation phenomena. Part two deals with the application of the theory to practical examples, where different SOFC geometries, configurations, and different phenomena are analyzed in detail.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC-V) by : U. Stimming
Download or read book Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC-V) written by U. Stimming and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 1997 with total page 1428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fuel Processor Development for Multimegawatt Fuel Cell Power Plants by : O. L. Olesen
Download or read book Fuel Processor Development for Multimegawatt Fuel Cell Power Plants written by O. L. Olesen and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fuel Cells by : Noriko Hikosaka Behling
Download or read book Fuel Cells written by Noriko Hikosaka Behling and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel Cells: Current Technology Challenges and Future Research Needs is a one-of-a-kind, definitive reference source for technical students, researchers, government policymakers, and business leaders. Here in a single volume is a thorough review of government, corporate, and research institutions’ policies and programs related to fuel cell development, and the effects of those programs on the success or failure of fuel cell initiatives. The book describes specific, internal corporate and academic R&D activities, levels of investment, strategies for technology acquisition, and reasons for success and failure. This volume provides an overview of past and present initiatives to improve and commercialize fuel cell technologies, as well as context and analysis to help potential investors assess current fuel cell commercialization activities and future prospects. Crucially, it also gives top executive policymakers and company presidents detailed policy recommendations on what should be done to successfully commercialize fuel cell technologies. Provides a clear and unbiased picture of current fuel cell research programs Outlines future research needs Offers concrete policy recommendations
Book Synopsis Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Lifetime and Reliability by : Nigel Brandon
Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Lifetime and Reliability written by Nigel Brandon and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Lifetime and Reliability: Critical Challenges in Fuel Cells presents in one volume the most recent research that aims at solving key issues for the deployment of SOFC at a commercial scale and for a wider range of applications. To achieve that, authors from different regions and backgrounds address topics such as electrolytes, contaminants, redox cycling, gas-tight seals, and electrode microstructure. Lifetime issues for particular elements of the fuel cells, like cathodes, interconnects, and fuel processors, are covered as well as new materials. They also examine the balance of SOFC plants, correlations between structure and electrochemical performance, methods for analysis of performance and degradation assessment, and computational and statistical approaches to quantify degradation. For its holistic approach, this book can be used both as an introduction to these issues and a reference resource for all involved in research and application of solid oxide fuel cells, especially those developing understanding in industrial applications of the lifetime issues. This includes researchers in academia and industrial R&D, graduate students and professionals in energy engineering, electrochemistry, and materials sciences for energy applications. It might also be of particular interest to analysts who are looking into integrating SOFCs into energy systems. Brings together in a single volume leading research and expert thinking around the broad topic of SOFC lifetime and durability Explores issues that affect solid oxide fuel cells elements, materials, and systems with a holistic approach Provides a practical reference for overcoming some of the common failure mechanisms of SOFCs Features coverage of integrating SOFCs into energy systems
