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Development Of A Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor Model For The Fast Pyrolysis Of Biomass For Process Simulation
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Book Synopsis Development of a Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor Model for the Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass for Process Simulation by : Anna A. Trendewicz
Download or read book Development of a Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor Model for the Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass for Process Simulation written by Anna A. Trendewicz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass by : A. V. Bridgwater
Download or read book Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass written by A. V. Bridgwater and published by Cpl Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited and updated version of the final report of the IEA Bioenergy Pyrolysis Task, is useful both to newcomers to the subject area and those already involved in research, development, and implementation.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion by : Guangxi Yue
Download or read book Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion written by Guangxi Yue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-28 with total page 1186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) collect 9 plenary lectures and 175 peer-reviewed technical papers presented in the conference held in Xi'an China in May 18-21,2009. The conference was the 20th conference in a series, covering the latest fundamental research results, as well as the application experience from pilot plants, demonstrations and industrial units regarding to the FBC science and technology. It was co-hosted by Tsinghua University, Southeast University, Zhejiang University, China Electricity Council and Chinese Machinery Industry Federation. A particular feature of the proceedings is the balance between the papers submitted by experts from industry and the papers submitted by academic researchers, aiming to bring academic knowledge to application as well as to define new areas for research. The authors of the proceedings are the most active researchers, technology developers, experienced and representative facility operators and manufacturers. They presented the latest research results, state-of-the-art development and projects, and the useful experience. The proceedings are divided into following sections: • CFB Boiler Technology, Operation and Design • Fundamental Research on Fluidization and Fluidized Combustion • C02 Capture and Chemical Looping • Gasification • Modeling and Simulation on FBC Technology • Environments and Pollutant Control • Sustainable Fuels The proceedings can be served as idea references for researchers, engineers, academia and graduate students, plant operators, boiler manufacturers, component suppliers, and technical managers who work on FBC fundamental research, technology development and industrial application.
Book Synopsis CFD Modeling of Complex Chemical Processes by : Li Xi
Download or read book CFD Modeling of Complex Chemical Processes written by Li Xi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which uses numerical analysis to predict and model complex flow behaviors and transport processes, has become a mainstream tool in engineering process research and development. Complex chemical processes often involve coupling between dynamics at vastly different length and time scales, as well as coupling of different physical models. The multiscale and multiphysics nature of those problems calls for delicate modeling approaches. This book showcases recent contributions in this field, from the development of modeling methodology to its application in supporting the design, development, and optimization of engineering processes.
Book Synopsis Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Waste-to-Energy Processes by : Valter Bruno Reis e Silva
Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Waste-to-Energy Processes written by Valter Bruno Reis e Silva and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2020-06-16 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Waste-to-Energy Processes: A Hands-On Approach provides the key knowledge needed to perform CFD simulations using powerful commercial software tools. The book focuses on fluid mechanics, heat transfer and chemical reactions. To do so, the fundamentals of CFD are presented, with the entire workflow broken into manageable pieces that detail geometry preparation, meshing, problem setting, model implementation and post-processing actions. Pathways for process optimization using CFD integrated with Design of Experiments are also explored. The book’s combined approach of theory, application and hands-on practice allows engineering graduate students, advanced undergraduates and industry practitioners to develop their own simulations. Provides the skills needed to perform real-life simulation calculations through a combination of mathematical background and real-world examples, including step-by-step tutorials Presents worked examples in complex processes as combustion or gasification involving fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, and complex chemistry sets
Book Synopsis Biomass Processing for Biofuels, Bioenergy and Chemicals by : Wei-Hsin Chen
Download or read book Biomass Processing for Biofuels, Bioenergy and Chemicals written by Wei-Hsin Chen and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-23 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass can be used to produce renewable electricity, thermal energy, transportation fuels (biofuels), and high-value functional chemicals. As an energy source, biomass can be used either directly via combustion to produce heat or indirectly after it is converted to one of many forms of bioenergy and biofuel via thermochemical or biochemical pathways. The conversion of biomass can be achieved using various advanced methods, which are broadly classified into thermochemical conversion, biochemical conversion, electrochemical conversion, and so on. Advanced development technologies and processes are able to convert biomass into alternative energy sources in solid (e.g., charcoal, biochar, and RDF), liquid (biodiesel, algae biofuel, bioethanol, and pyrolysis and liquefaction bio-oils), and gaseous (e.g., biogas, syngas, and biohydrogen) forms. Because of the merits of biomass energy for environmental sustainability, biofuel and bioenergy technologies play a crucial role in renewable energy development and the replacement of chemicals by highly functional biomass. This book provides a comprehensive overview and in-depth technical research addressing recent progress in biomass conversion processes. It also covers studies on advanced techniques and methods for bioenergy and biofuel production.
Book Synopsis Computational Study on Biomass Fast Pyrolysis by : Emilio Ramirez (Chemical engineer)
Download or read book Computational Study on Biomass Fast Pyrolysis written by Emilio Ramirez (Chemical engineer) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluidized bed reactors are utilized in a wide range of chemical industries, including petroleum refining, pharmaceutical and commodity chemicals production, and biomass conversion to fuels and higher-value chemicals. Such reactors are useful where multiple fluids (gases or liquids) and particulate solids are brought together in intimate contact to promote heat and mass transfer and chemical reactions. Recently fluidized-bed research includes computational simulations that provide new insights into the dominant physics and chemistry processes that control reactor performance. Computational simulations were utilized to understand how bubbling-bed hydrodynamics and fast-pyrolysis chemistry interact to control biomass pyrolysis reactor performance. The scope of this work is limited to bubbling bed conditions, designed and operated for lab scale studies of biomass fast pyrolysis, in a bed of inert Geldart Group B sand. Biomass particulates are injected near the bottom of the reactor and rapidly heated to release volatile compounds. The devolatilized biomass particles (char) and released volatile gases transit through the bed (at time scales depending on the hydrodynamic mixing state) and elutriate from the top of the reactor. The bubbling-bed hydrodynamics were simulated with MFiX, an open- source software package based on the two-fluid (continuum) approach for representing the bubbling bed multiphase flows. Processes of interest included the transport of biomass char and released volatile gases, and how these change with fluidizing gas flow, low-intensity bubbling, to slugging, to high- intensity turbulence. A key observation is that fast-pyrolysis tar yield can be increased by reducing the residence time in the freeboard by shortening the freeboard length or by adding secondary air. Also, of interest was how these transport processes are expected to affect the selectivity of product species exiting the top of the reactor. One promising concept for monitoring hydrodynamics in bubbling bed reactors are high- speed pressure measurements to quantify key mixing and transport properties. Computational simulations were utilized to identify quantitative statistical features in high-speed pressure measurements in the upper section of the bed, below the static bed height, to use as process monitoring tools. Other promising directions were identified for future experimental and computational studies.
Book Synopsis Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass in a Circulating Fluidised Bed Reactor by : Ioannis Philippos Boukis
Download or read book Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass in a Circulating Fluidised Bed Reactor written by Ioannis Philippos Boukis and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dynamic Simulation of the Chemical Looping Combustion Process by : Johannes Haus
Download or read book Dynamic Simulation of the Chemical Looping Combustion Process written by Johannes Haus and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2020-12-09 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Ph.D. thesis a system of coupled fluidized bed reactors is modelled and simulated dynamically. Chemical Looping Combustion was used as an exemplary process in both the numerical and the experimental part of this work. For the simulation purpose a novel flowsheeting software was used and models for the needed process units developed and integrated into this software. The needed unit models were three interconnected fluidized bed reactors in circulating and bubbling operation conditions, a cyclone for gas-solid separation and loop seals, which ensured solids transport and gas separation between the reactors. Additionally, lab scale experiments on the reactivity of the used solids, oxygen carrier and solid fuels, were conducted and kinetic parameters extracted. All unit models were connected to a process flowsheet and simulated dynamically. The simulation results were compared to experimental data from a 25 kWth pilot plant operated at the university by the author. It could be shown that a detailed and dynamic simulation of the whole process can be carried out over a time period of more than 45 minutes and the experimental results from start-up, steady state operation and shutdown of the plant were predicted accurately.
Book Synopsis Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed Reactor with Gallium Promoted ZSM-5 Catalyst by : Jian Shi
Download or read book Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed Reactor with Gallium Promoted ZSM-5 Catalyst written by Jian Shi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The huge energy demand of our society is causing fossil fuel resources to diminish rapidly. Therefore, it is critical to search for alternative energy resources. Biomass is currently both abundant and inexpensive. Biofuels (fuels produced from biomass) have the potential to replace fossil fuels if a cost effective process can be develop to convert biomass into fuels. Catalytic fast pyrolysis is a technology that can convert biomass into gasoline ranged aromatics in a single step. By heating biomass quickly to an intermediate temperature, biomass will thermally decompose into small molecules which can fit into zeolite catalyst pores. Inside the catalyst pores, these small molecules undergo a series of reactions where aromatics are formed along with olefins, CO, CO2, CH4 and water. Gallium promoted ZSM-5 catalyst has been shown to promote small alkanes aromatization, thus it has the potential to increase aromatic yield in catalytic fast pyrolysis process. The focus of the thesis is to study the behavior of catalyst fast pyrolysis of biomass over Gallium promoted catalyst, and explore various ways to utilize the gas phase olefins to increase the aromatic yield. [CG1] The effect of reaction parameters (temperature, weight hourly space velocity, and fluidized gas velocity) on catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass with Ga/ZSM-5 were studied in a fluidized bed reactor using pine saw dust as the biomass feed. The product distribution and hydrocarbon selectivity are shown to be a strong function of temperature and weight hourly space velocity. Compared to ZSM-5 catalyst at the same reaction conditions, Ga/ZMS-5 has been shown to increase the aromatic yield by 40%. Olefins can be recycled back to the CFP fluidized bed reactor to further increase the aromatic yield. The olefin co-feeding with pine saw dust experiments indicates that co-feeding with propylene can increase the aromatic yield, however, co-feeding with ethylene will cause a decrease in aromatic yield. In both co-feeding experiments, an increase in the amount of coke formed was also observed. Besides a simple olefin recycle, another possible way to utilize these olefins, while avoiding the high cost to separate them from other gas phase products (CO, CO2 and CH4), is adding a secondary alkylation unit after the fluidized bed reactor. The alkylation unit could provide a way to produce additional ethylbenzene after the main CFP process. Three zeolite catalysts (ZSM-5, Y-zeolite and Beta zeolite) were tested in the alkylation unit, and ZSM-5 catalyst shows the highest activity and selectivity in the alkylation of benzene and ethylene.
Download or read book Current Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995-07 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Environmental Management, Four Volume Set by : Sven Erik Jorgensen
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Environmental Management, Four Volume Set written by Sven Erik Jorgensen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-13 with total page 3513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of an Outstanding Academic Title Award from CHOICE Magazine Encyclopedia of Environmental Management gives a comprehensive overview of environmental problems, their sources, their assessment, and their solutions. Through in-depth entries and a topical table of contents, readers will quickly find answers to questions about specific pollution and management issues. Edited by the esteemed Sven Erik Jørgensen and an advisory board of renowned specialists, this four-volume set shares insights from more than 500 contributors—all experts in their fields. The encyclopedia provides basic knowledge for an integrated and ecologically sound management system. Nearly 400 alphabetical entries cover everything from air, soil, and water pollution to agriculture, energy, global pollution, toxic substances, and general pollution problems. Using a topical table of contents, readers can also search for entries according to the type of problem and the methodology. This allows readers to see the overall picture at a glance and find answers to the core questions: What is the pollution problem, and what are its sources? What is the "big picture," or what background knowledge do we need? How can we diagnose the problem, both qualitatively and quantitatively, using monitoring and ecological models, indicators, and services? How can we solve the problem with environmental technology, ecotechnology, cleaner technology, and environmental legislation? How do we address the problem as part of an integrated management strategy? This accessible encyclopedia examines the entire spectrum of tools available for environmental management. An indispensable resource, it guides environmental managers to find the best possible solutions to the myriad pollution problems they face. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact us to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367 / (email) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062 / (email) [email protected]
Book Synopsis Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World by : Haiying Qi
Download or read book Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World written by Haiying Qi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-19 with total page 1306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World is the proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Coal Combustion which has a significant international influence. It concerns basic research on coal combustion and clean utilization, techniques and equipments of pulverized coal combustion, techniques and equipments of fluidized bed combustion, basic research and techniques of emission control, basic research and application techniques of carbon capture and storage (CCS), etc. Professor Haiying Qi and Bo Zhao both work at the Tsinghua University, China
Book Synopsis Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Fluidized Bed Reactor by : Johnny Matta
Download or read book Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Fluidized Bed Reactor written by Johnny Matta and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Computational Modelling of the Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass in Bubbling Fluidised Bed Reactors by : Konstantinos Papadikis
Download or read book Computational Modelling of the Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass in Bubbling Fluidised Bed Reactors written by Konstantinos Papadikis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design of Fluidized-bed Reactors for Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis by : Robert John Ng Coolman
Download or read book Design of Fluidized-bed Reactors for Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis written by Robert John Ng Coolman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The net accumulation of atmospheric carbon resulting from the increase in global demand for fuels and chemicals from fossil sources warrants the search for alternatives that fit into existing infrastructure ("drop-in" chemicals and fuels) that come from renewable sources. The research presented in this thesis progresses this search for alternatives through the study of Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis (CFP) of renewable lignocellulosic biomass in bubbling fluidized beds of ZSM-5. For CFP of cellulose at 500°C using a 4.92-cm ID reactor, aromatic yields of up to 39.5% carbon were obtained indicating the importance of high-cellulose feeds for production of aromatics. In a larger 9.67-cm ID process development unit (PDU) with on-stream catalyst input and output, we studied CFP of pine sawdust. The PDU maintained constant product yield of aromatics (15.5% carbon) over an extended reaction period (6 hrs). A simulated recycle stream of CFP product gases consisting of CO, CO2 and olefins increased aromatic yield to 22% carbon in contrast to nitrogen which produced only 18% yield. In a third 4.92-cm ID reactor, the effect of steam for the CFP of cellulose with ZSM-5 was studied. Irreversible effects included dealumination, a loss of total acidity, an increase in the zeolite-crystal size, and agglomeration of particles resulting in lower yields for aromatics and coke, and higher yields for methane and unidentified products. Steam co-feeding was also found to reversibly lower yields of aromatics, char/coke, and identifiable oxygenate species, increase yields of CO and methane, and not change the overall yields of CO2 and olefins. The effect of catalyst contact time was studied at coke loadings known not to deactivate the catalyst. CO and CH4 are favored at low catalyst contact times (1,000 s), oxygenated and unidentified species at medium catalyst contact times (1,000 s -- 10,000 s), and aromatics and CO2Ơ at high catalyst contact times (10,000 s). At increased time on stream, the catalyst lost activity due to coking. Most aromatic-producing activity was lost after a weight turnover of 2.0. Accumulated coke deactivates the catalyst by both filling the micropores and blocking the acid sites
Book Synopsis Modelling and Simulation of Biomass Gasification in a Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor by : Mohamed Hassan
Download or read book Modelling and Simulation of Biomass Gasification in a Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor written by Mohamed Hassan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
