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Determinants And Consequences Of Maternal Employment
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Author :Marsha Hurst Publisher :[Washington, D.C.] (2012 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington 20036) : Business and Professional Women's Foundation ISBN 13 : Total Pages :108 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (321 download)
Book Synopsis Determinants and Consequences of Maternal Employment by : Marsha Hurst
Download or read book Determinants and Consequences of Maternal Employment written by Marsha Hurst and published by [Washington, D.C.] (2012 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington 20036) : Business and Professional Women's Foundation. This book was released on 1981 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Maternal Employment and Child Health by : Yana van der Meulen Rodgers
Download or read book Maternal Employment and Child Health written by Yana van der Meulen Rodgers and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As women's labor force participation has risen around the globe, scholarly and policy discourse on the ramifications of this employment growth has intensified. This book explores the links between maternal employment and child health using an international perspective that is grounded in economic theory and rigorous empirical methods. Women's labor-market activity affects child health largely because their paid work raises household income, which strengthens families' abilities to finance healthcare needs and nutritious food; however, time away from children could counteract some of the benefits of higher socioeconomic status that spring from maternal employment. New evidence based on data from nine South and Southeast Asian countries illuminates the potential tradeoff between the benefits and challenges families contend with in the face of women's labor-market activity. This book provides new, original evidence on links between maternal employment and children's health using data associated with three indicators of children's nutritional status: birth size, stunting, and wasting. Results support the implementation and enforcement of policy interventions that bolster women's advancement in the labor market and reduce undernutrition among children. Scholars, students, policymakers and all those with an interest in nutritional science, gender, economics of the family, or development economies will find the methodology and original results expounded here both useful and informative.
Book Synopsis Determinants of Maternal Employment for Preschool Children, 1960-1980 by : David Eggebeen
Download or read book Determinants of Maternal Employment for Preschool Children, 1960-1980 written by David Eggebeen and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Adele Eskeles Gottfried Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1489908307 Total Pages :305 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (899 download)
Book Synopsis Maternal Employment and Children’s Development by : Adele Eskeles Gottfried
Download or read book Maternal Employment and Children’s Development written by Adele Eskeles Gottfried and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a review written in 1979, I noted that there was a paucity of research examining the effects of maternal employment on the infant and young child and also that longitudinal studies of the effects of maternal em ployment were needed (Hoffman, 1979). In the last 10 years, there has been a flurry of research activity focused on the mother's employment during the child's early years, and much of this work has been longi tudinal. All of the studies reported in this volume are at least short-term longitudinal studies, and most of them examine the effects of maternal employment during the early years. The increased focus on maternal employment during infancy is not a response to the mandate of that review but rather reflects the new employment patterns in the United States. In March 1985, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 49.4% of married women with children less than a year old were employed outside the home (Hayghe, 1986). This figure is up from 39% in 1980 and more than double the rate in 1970. By now, most mothers of children under 3 are in the labor force.
Book Synopsis Research Issues Related to the Effects of Maternal Employment on Children by : Society for Research in Child Development
Download or read book Research Issues Related to the Effects of Maternal Employment on Children written by Society for Research in Child Development and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Ecological Study of Maternal Employment by : William F. Alvarez
Download or read book An Ecological Study of Maternal Employment written by William F. Alvarez and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis First-year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First 7 Years by : Jeanne Brooks-Gunn
Download or read book First-year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First 7 Years written by Jeanne Brooks-Gunn and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Causal Effects of Maternal Employment Attributes on Family Health Outcomes and Health Disparities by : Megan Elizabeth Shepherd-Banigan
Download or read book The Causal Effects of Maternal Employment Attributes on Family Health Outcomes and Health Disparities written by Megan Elizabeth Shepherd-Banigan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Socioeconomic disparities in maternal and child health are well-known, widespread problems in the US. A high proportion of women with young children participate in the labor force making maternal employment attributes, such as income, leave benefits, workplace flexibility, and stress potential determinants of maternal and child health inequalities. This dissertation research examined the contribution of maternal employment attributes to family health outcomes and disparities, including adolescent health, maternal depressive symptoms, and pediatric preventive service utilization. To examine the effect of maternal paid leave (sick and vacation) and work intensity on pediatric preventive care among children aged 0-17, we used data from the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey and the National Health Interview Survey (years 2007-2010) and applied instrumental variable techniques. Our results demonstrate that paid sick leave may influence compliance with several preventive care services for children, including well-child visits, dental care and receipt of the influenza vaccine. Paid sick leave predicted an increase in the marginal probability of complying with recommended well-child visits (0.13; 95% CI: 0.032, 0.23), dental exams (0.31; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.47), preventive dental care (0.30; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.50), and influenza vaccines (0.17; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.27). To study the relationship between maternal employment attributes and maternal depressive symptoms among women with very young children, we examined data from the NICHD (National Institute of Child Health and Development) Early Child Care and Youth Development Study (SECCYD) (years 1991-2005). Results from individual fixed effects analyses suggest that some employment attributes may predict depressive symptoms. Women who worked from home reported a statistically significant decrease in depression scores over time (â=-1.60, SE=0.53, p=0.002). Women who reported a one-unit increase in job concerns experienced, on average, a 2-point increase in depression scores over time (â=1.91, SE=0.43, p0.01). Finally, we used data from the NICHD SECCYD and endogenous treatment effect models to assess the influence of cumulative maternal income (between birth and 3rd grade) on adolescent health and development. We found no evidence that cumulative maternal income predicted adolescent outcomes. However, other components of the early family environment were related to specific outcomes. A one-unit increase in family socioeconomic status was associated with a 0.05 point decrease in the probability of being overweight or obese at age 15. High work intensity (more periods of employment over time and more hours worked per week) and high birth weight (4,000 grams) were also associated with a 0.09 and 0.10 point increase in the probability of being overweight or obese at age 15, respectively. Higher levels of health endowment were predictive of improved adolescent outcomes at age 15, including better health status, fewer behavioral problems, and no tobacco use. Parental marital status (being married) and White race/ethnicity were also protective against risk-taking. Results from this dissertation research suggest that maternal employment attributes exert real and important influences on family health. Our research highlights the effects of specific attributes, including paid sick leave, schedule control and flexibility, supportive work environments, and work intensity on various maternal and child health outcomes. These findings suggest that policies to assure adequate access to leave and flexible working hours and locations might ease the challenges faced by working families.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309669820 Total Pages :369 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (96 download)
Book Synopsis Birth Settings in America by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Birth Settings in America written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The delivery of high quality and equitable care for both mothers and newborns is complex and requires efforts across many sectors. The United States spends more on childbirth than any other country in the world, yet outcomes are worse than other high-resource countries, and even worse for Black and Native American women. There are a variety of factors that influence childbirth, including social determinants such as income, educational levels, access to care, financing, transportation, structural racism and geographic variability in birth settings. It is important to reevaluate the United States' approach to maternal and newborn care through the lens of these factors across multiple disciplines. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice reviews and evaluates maternal and newborn care in the United States, the epidemiology of social and clinical risks in pregnancy and childbirth, birth settings research, and access to and choice of birth settings.
Book Synopsis Maternal Employment and Stratification by : Nikki Lynne Graf
Download or read book Maternal Employment and Stratification written by Nikki Lynne Graf and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Breastfeeding E-Book by : Ruth A. Lawrence
Download or read book Breastfeeding E-Book written by Ruth A. Lawrence and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 1129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breastfeeding is a comprehensive reference that provides basic science information as well as practical applications. Dr. Ruth Lawrence—a pioneer in the field of human lactation—covers the uses of certain drugs in lactating women, infectious diseases related to lactation, the latest Australian research on anatomy and physiology, and much more. Provide thoughtful guidance to the breastfeeding mother according to her circumstances, problems, and lifestyle from integrated coverage of evidence-based data and practical experience. Make appropriate drug recommendations, including approved medications, over-the-counter medications, and herbal remedies. Treat conditions associated with breastfeeding—such as sore nipples, burning pain, or hives—using extensive evidence-based information. Apply the latest understanding of anatomy and physiology through coverage of recent Australian CT and MR studies of the breast and its function. Stay current on new research on infectious diseases germane to lactation and new antibiotics, antivirals, and immunizations available for use during lactation. Effectively manage the use of medications during lactation thanks to an updated discussion of this difficult subject. The latest research on breastfeeding and evidence-based solutions for treating associated medical problems from the authority in the field, Dr. Ruth Lawrence
Book Synopsis Determinants of Maternal Employment ; "a Report Prepared ... Under the Direction of Ruth E. Zambrana." by : Melanie Frudd
Download or read book Determinants of Maternal Employment ; "a Report Prepared ... Under the Direction of Ruth E. Zambrana." written by Melanie Frudd and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Women and Work written by Sonia Carreon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on vital contemporary issues Women in the work force today are still subjected to the glass ceiling, sexual discrimination, income inequality, stereotyping, and other obstacles to equal employment and professional advancement. Now a collection of 150 original articles written for this handbook explores the challenges and career blocks that today's women face in the workplace, discuss important contemporary issues, and offers a wide range of facts and data on women's employment. Offers insights and information The Handbook answer hundreds of questions as it illuminates current achievements and obstacles to success for women in the marketplace. Drawing upon a growing body of research in the social and behavioral sciences, the articles provide insights into such issues as the sex segregation of occupations, comparable worth, women in traditionally male occupations, career plans of college women, gende4r bias in job evaluations and personnel decisions, sexual harassment, the gendered culture of organizations, the effects of maternal employment on children and child care, and more. The articles draw on extensive research and studies on women in the workplace across the U.S. and around the world. A valuable research aid This handbook presents the reader with a broadly-based understanding of women's work experiences and provides a useful set of sources for in depth research. It is a valuable reference for professors, librarians, researchers, guidance counselors, and students who need reliable, up-to-date information. The handbook includes a subject and name index.
Book Synopsis Research Perspectives on Work and the Transition to Motherhood by : Christiane Spitzmueller
Download or read book Research Perspectives on Work and the Transition to Motherhood written by Christiane Spitzmueller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-19 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the intricate challenges faced by women and families during the transition to motherhood. It presents unique theoretical and methodological approaches to studying women’s transition from being employees to working mothers. Its focus is on the impact of work on the transition to motherhood, and the impact of motherhood on women’s working arrangements, work attitudes, work experiences and perspectives. Special attention is given to intervention research that can enhance the health and well-being of mothers and employers as they reconcile demands of the family-work interface. Integrating theoretical framework development and methodological considerations, this book provides an in-depth introduction to the topic. It brings together researchers and experts on the work-family interface, on workplace discrimination during pregnancy and early motherhood, and well-being.
Book Synopsis Employed Mothers and Their Children by : Jacqueline V. Lerner
Download or read book Employed Mothers and Their Children written by Jacqueline V. Lerner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-04-14 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1969 the author wrote a letter to Science protesting the unfair treatment of academic mothers, who were expected to work full-time. Her problem with balancing work and family life was typical of the problems of most young parents in the United States. More than 20 years later, the same problems have not been solved, even though more than twice as many families are headed by a fully-employed parent or parents. In this volume, the authors survey the many problems of employed parents and their children. Documenting problems by sound research and pointing to the future solutions is a valuable contribution to the psychological literature.
Book Synopsis First-Year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First 7 Years by : Jeanne Brooks-Gunn
Download or read book First-Year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First 7 Years written by Jeanne Brooks-Gunn and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2010-08-24 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the first 2 phases of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care, we examine the links between maternal employment in the first 12 months of life and cognitive, social, and emotional outcomes for children at age 3, at age 4.5, and in first grade. Drawing on theory and prior research from developmental psychology as well as economics and sociology, we address 3 main questions. First, what associations exist between 1st year maternal employment and cognitive, social, and emotional outcomes for children in the first seven years of life? Second, to what extent do any such associations vary by the child's gender and temperament or the mother's occupation? Third, to what extent do mother's earnings, the home environment (maternal depressive symptoms, sensitivity, and HOME scores), and the type and quality of child care mediate or offset any associations between 1st-year employment and child outcomes, and what is the net effect of 1st-year maternal employment once these factors are taken into account? We compare families in which mothers worked full time (55%), part time (23%), or did not work (22%) in the first year. Our main results pertain to non-Hispanic White children (N = 900) although we also carry out some analyses for a small sample of African-American children (N = 113). Our findings provide new insight as to the net effects of 1st-year maternal employment as well as the potential pathways through which associations between 1st-year maternal employment and later child outcomes, where present, come about. Our structural equation modeling results indicate that, on average, the associations between 1st-year maternal employment and later cognitive, social, and emotional outcomes are neutral because negative effects, where present, are offset by positive effects. These results confirm that maternal employment in the 1st year of life may confer both advantages and disadvantages and that for the average non-Hispanic White child those effects balance each other.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Maternal Employment on Family Well-being by : Bezawit Teshome Agiro
Download or read book The Effect of Maternal Employment on Family Well-being written by Bezawit Teshome Agiro and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is composed of three essays on the effect of maternal employment on family well-being using data from Early Childhood Longitudinal Study: Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K: 2011). In general, the findings from this study suggest that the effect of maternal employment on children’s weight status and cognitive development is not significant, but it is significant on mothers’ overall health and psychological well-being. The first essay re-examines the effect of maternal employment on child obesity by taking a sample of grade 2 children who had at least one younger sibling from the spring 2013 cohort. The study makes use of a bivariate probit model using exogenous variation in youngest sibling’s eligibility for kindergarten as an instrument for maternal employment. The findings suggest that the effect of maternal employment on child obesity is not significant. The results show that rather than maternal employment, socio-economic status, schooling environment, and lifestyle behaviors including physical exercise and sedentary behavior are factors contributing to child obesity. More specifically, higher socio-economic status and more physical exercise are negatively related to child obesity, while sedentary behavior and free/reduced price school meals are positively related to child obesity. The second essay is devoted to the analysis of the effect of maternal employment on child cognitive outcome. This study uses data from spring 2013 cohort of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study: Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K: 2011). Using instrumental variable regression, the result shows that the effect of maternal employment on children’s cognitive development is not significant. The quality of schooling as measured by teachers’ years of experience and class size as well as socio-economic status are significant factors influencing children’s cognitive outcome. Having more experienced teachers and coming from a higher socio-economic background contributes positively to children’s cognitive outcome, while there is some evidence that smaller class size reduces children’s scores. The third essay investigates the effect of maternal employment on mothers’ overall health and psychological distress. This study makes use of data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study: Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K: 2011) and the U.S Bureau of Labor statistics. For analysis, IV probit regression is used, having state-level unemployment rate as an instrument for maternal employment. The findings of this paper suggest that the effect of mothers’ weekly work hours on mothers’ overall health is positive and significant for the spring third-grade cohort. In addition, there is evidence that the effect of maternal employment on mothers’ overall health and psychological distress differs by type of occupation. Mothers in managerial, professional, and low supervisory jobs are more likely to be psychologically distressed, but also have higher probability of being in good overall health condition, compared to mothers in manual jobs.
