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Detection Of Buried Mines And Unexploded Ordnance Uxo
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Book Synopsis Detection of Buried Mines and Unexploded Ordnance (UXO). by :
Download or read book Detection of Buried Mines and Unexploded Ordnance (UXO). written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most military and commercial detectors sense the presence of metal casings or components of buried mines or explosive ordnance; however, this traditional approach to mine and unexploded ordnance (UXO) detection is prone to high false alarm rates. Explosive components, common to all mines and ordnance devices, offer a unique discriminator among buried objects. Two approaches to detect buried explosive devices directly are investigated: chemical trace detection, which relies on detecting either the vapor emanating from buried devices or the small explosive particles [and/or their explosive-related compounds (ERCs)] concentrated in the top soil, and radiation techniques, which uses radiation to probe beneath the earth's surface to provide bulk detection of buried explosive devices. This report describes the technology approaches and the current performance of each approach and discusses some promising new explosive detection technologies. It suggests that the Joint Unexploded Ordnance Coordination Office (JUXOCO) take a leadership role in establishing standards and protocols for reporting the results of field measurements in which trace analyses are used for detection of buried mines and ordnance and in sponsoring the development and maintenance of an open-sourced code to predict the variability of explosive detection in different environments.
Book Synopsis Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Mitigation by : James Byrnes
Download or read book Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Mitigation written by James Byrnes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in this volume were presented at the July–August 2008 NATO Advanced Study Institute on Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Mitigation. The conference was held at the beautiful Il Ciocco resort near Lucca, in the glorious Tuscany region of northern Italy. For the ninth time we gathered at this idyllic spot to explore and extend the reciprocity between mathematics and engineering. The dynamic interaction between world-renowned scientists from the usually disparate communities of pure mathematicians and applied scientists which occurred at our eight previous ASI’s continued at this meeting. The detection and neutralization of unexploded ordnance (UXO) has been of major concern for very many decades; at least since the First World war. UXO continues to be the subject of intensive research in many ?elds of science, incl- ing mathematics, signal processing (mainly radar and sonar) and chemistry. While today’s headlines emphasize the mayhem resulting from the placement of imp- vised explosive devices (IEDs), humanitarian landmine clearing continues to draw signi?cant global attention as well. In many countries of the world, landmines threaten the population and hinder reconstruction and fast, ef?cient utilization of large areas of the mined land in the aftermath of military con?icts.
Book Synopsis UAV-based Detection of Landmines and Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) by : Aleksandar Smiljanic
Download or read book UAV-based Detection of Landmines and Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) written by Aleksandar Smiljanic and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wars may officially end and treaties may be signed, but their lethal legacy lives on in the form of unexploded ordinance and minefields that continue to harm civilian populations. Aerial reconnaissance reduces the need for risky, costly and time-consuming ground operations, and the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicles offers crucial innovations for addressing the aftermath of conflicts worldwide. Aleksandar Smiljanic, an international recognized subject matter expert in next generation defence technologies, examines current developments in technology, electronics, and unmanned autonomous systems that are increasingly allowing military experts to address the challenges of mine clearance and left-over munitions, thereby helping to neutralize the dangers posed by former battlefields. Focusing on the role that unmanned vehicle reconnaissance can play in future identification and clearance operations, the author's timely and critical account - richly illustrated and with a host of supporting scientific and mathematical evidence throughout - offers a fertile and thought-provoking array of solutions to a scourge that has affected civilian populations and civic infrastructure throughout the world for decades. This is a must-read for political and military policymakers and a vital contribution to global efforts at humanitarian relief when it comes to rebuilding the social, political, economic, and cultural landscape of affected populations, with effects not just on their own countries but consequences for us all.
Book Synopsis Land Mine Detection by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Land Mine Detection written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unexploded Ordnance: A Coordinated Approach to Detection and Clearance is Needed by :
Download or read book Unexploded Ordnance: A Coordinated Approach to Detection and Clearance is Needed written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 2 years, several accounts of the casualties caused by antipersonnel landmines have brought to light the threat such munitions pose years after hostilities cease. The deaths and injuries attributed to these mines each year have been estimated to total about 30,000. Many of the victims are civilians, including children. While the contamination of land caused by landmines and other forms of unexploded ordnance (UXO) may appear to be primarily a Third World issue, closer examination suggests that the problem is shared by developed nations as well. As you requested, we assessed the extent to which ongoing or foreseeable technology efforts offer solutions to worldwide landmine and other UXO problems.
Book Synopsis Multisensor Methods for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Detection, Discrimination, and Identification by :
Download or read book Multisensor Methods for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Detection, Discrimination, and Identification written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unexploded ordnance (UXO) cleanup is the number one priority Army installation remediation/restoration requirement The problem is enormous in scope, with millions of acres and hundreds of sites potentially contaminated. Before the UXO can be recovered and destroyed, it must be located. UXO location requires surface geophysical surveys. The geophysical anomalies caused by the UXO must be detected, discriminated from geophysical anomalies caused by other sources, and ideally identified or classified. Recent UXO technology demonstrations, live site demonstrations, and practical UXO surveys for site cleanup confirm that most UXO anomalies can be detected (with probabilities of detection of 90 percent or better), however there is little evidence of discrimination capability (i.e., the false alarm rates are high), and there is no identification capability. Approaches to simultaneously increase probability of detection and decrease false alarm rate and ultimately to give identification/classification capability involve rational multisensor data integration for discrimination and advanced development of new and emerging technology for enhanced discrimination and identification. The goal of multisensor data integration is to achieve true joint inversion of data to a best-fitting model using realistic physics-based models that replicate UXO geometries and physical properties of the UXO and surrounding geologic materials. Data management, analysis, and display procedures for multisensor data are investigated. The role of empirical, quasi-empirical, and analytical modeling for UXO geophysical signature prediction are reviewed and contrasted with approaches that require large signature databases (e.g., expert systems, neural nets, signature database comparison) for training or best-fit comparison. A magnetic modeling capability is developed, validated, and documented that uses a prolate spheroid model of UXO.
Book Synopsis Discrimination of Subsurface Unexploded Ordnance by : Kevin A. O'Neill
Download or read book Discrimination of Subsurface Unexploded Ordnance written by Kevin A. O'Neill and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unexploded ordnance (UXO) pose a persistent and expensive problem throughout the world; over 11 million acres are potentially contaminated in the U.S. alone. However, detection requires a very high degree of reliability, the false alarm rate is typically enormous, and cleanup costs are very high. This Tutorial Text addresses the unique challenges of UXO detection and the following topics: fundamental physics and phenomenology; new, successful modeling and analysis methods; the design, development, and testing of new instruments that provide expanded and superior data; innovative processing techniques; and highly successful discrimination performance in blind field tests at standardized sites. The book is written for lay scientists and engineers, as well as specialists in the field, requiring only some familiarity with basic vector calculus and matrix methods, common statistical concepts, and elementary physics.
Book Synopsis Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) and Landmine Detection by Ground Penetrating Radar and Character Analysis by : Ashanti Rasheen Pitts
Download or read book Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) and Landmine Detection by Ground Penetrating Radar and Character Analysis written by Ashanti Rasheen Pitts and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Detection of Explosives and Landmines by : Hiltmar Schubert
Download or read book Detection of Explosives and Landmines written by Hiltmar Schubert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ARW is the third NATO-sponsored workshop on Explosives Detection and Humanitarian Demining. The previous events were • Detection and Destruction of Anti-Personnel Landmines Moscow, 1997 • Explosives Detection and Decontamination of the Environment Prague, 1997. Over the last decade applied research in Humanitarian Demining has made progress to some extend, but according to the tremendous tasks of Demining and the lack of scientific methods for practical detection of explosive devices, research activities are still of the same importance than ever before. Concerning countermeasures against terrorism the detection of explosives is one of the keyfactors, but the practical applications are not sufficient solved. An international exchange of research results are therefore urgent, to find out the most promising measures for application. The coincidence of this ARW and the terrible disaster of New York and Washington may demonstrate the importance of this task. In consequence the explosive device detection technologies can make a major contribution to collective, family and individual security. In developed countries, these technologies provide a strong deterrent and preventative measure against terrorist threats. In less developed regions, they can improve individual, institutional and state security, lessening the insecurity that motivates many terrorists acts. The elimination of landmine threats is just one of many ways of achieving this. However our attempts to meet the extremely difficult technical challenges posed by landmine and UXO contamination are inevitably leading us to new technological approaches.
Book Synopsis Design and Evaluation of Mine and UXO Detectors for Autonomous Mobile Robots by : Curtis J. Goodnight
Download or read book Design and Evaluation of Mine and UXO Detectors for Autonomous Mobile Robots written by Curtis J. Goodnight and published by . This book was released on 1996-09-01 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focuses on the development of a light weight metal detector to be used for the purpose of mine Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) detection. The detector was developed based upon a twin oscillator design, and the performance of this design was tested with respect to diameter of the sensing coil, operating frequency, and the number of turns of the sensing coil. The results of this study provide a field tunable, light weight, low power mine UXO detector with significant range. The ability to equip a robot with this device and send it into the field will prove to be an invaluable asset to ongoing mine sweeping operations.
Book Synopsis Environmental Effects on Detection of Buried Mines and UXO by :
Download or read book Environmental Effects on Detection of Buried Mines and UXO written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Prediction of the TNT Signature from Buried UXO by :
Download or read book Prediction of the TNT Signature from Buried UXO written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The detection and removal of buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) and landmines is one of the most important problems facing the world today. Numerous detection strategies are being developed, including infrared, electrical conductivity, ground-penetrating radar, and chemical sensors. Chemical sensors rely on the detection of TNT molecules, which are transported from buried UXO/landmines by advection and diffusion in the soil. As part of this effort, numerical models are being developed to predict TNT transport in soils including the effect of precipitation and evaporation. Modifications will be made to TOUGH2 for application to the TNT chemical sensing problem. Understanding the fate and transport of TNT in the soil will affect the design, performance and operation of chemical sensors by indicating preferred sensing strategies.
Book Synopsis Multisensor Methods for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Deteciton, Discrimination, and Identification by : Dwain Butler
Download or read book Multisensor Methods for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Deteciton, Discrimination, and Identification written by Dwain Butler and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unexploded ordnance (UXO) cleanup is the number one priority Army installation remediation restoration requirement. The problem is enormous in scope, with millions of acres and hundreds of sites potentially contaminated. Before the UXO can be recovered and destroyed, it must be located. UXO location requires surface geopbysical surveys. The geophysical anomalies caused by the UXO must be detected, discriminated from geophysical anomalies caused by other sources, and ideally identified or classified. Recent UXO technology demonstrations, live site demonstrations, and practical UXO surveys for site cleanup confirm that most UXO anomalies can be detected (with probabilities of detection of 90 percent or better), however there is little evidence of discrimination capability (i.e., the false alarm rates are high), and there is no identification capability. Approaches to simultaneously increase probability of detection and decrease false alarm rate and ultimately to give identification/classification capability involve rational multisensor data integration for discrimination and advanced development of new and emerging technology for enhanced discrimination and identification. The goal of multisensor data integration is to achieve true joint inversion of data to a best-fitting model using realistic physics-based models that replicate UXO geometries and physical properties of the UXO and surrounding geologic materials. Data management, analysis, and display procedures for multisensor data are investigated. A magnetic modeling capability is developed, validated, and documented that uses a prolate spheroid model of UXO. The electromagnetic modeling of UXO signatures is more problematic, and an intermediate quasi-empirical modeling capability (a simple analytical model modified to reflect measured signature observations) is explored.
Book Synopsis Alternatives for Landmine Detection by : Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson
Download or read book Alternatives for Landmine Detection written by Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the rate that government and nongovernmental organizations are clearing existing landmines, it will take 450-500 years to rid the world of them. Concerned about the slow pace of demining, the Office of Science and Technology asked RAND to assess potential innovative technologies being explored and to project what funding would be required to foster the development of the more promising ones. The authors of this report suggest that the federal government undertake a research and development effort to develop a multisensor mine detection system over the next five to eight years.
Book Synopsis N96-185 Man-Portable UXO Detection System: Phase I Final Report November 4, 1996 - May 4, 1997 by :
Download or read book N96-185 Man-Portable UXO Detection System: Phase I Final Report November 4, 1996 - May 4, 1997 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Existing methods to detect landmines and UXOs depend on inducing an oscillating electric current in the metallic components of the target. For objects with very small metallic content such as plastic-cased mines, these methods have false alarm rates approaching 1000:1. Recently an electromagnetic technique known as nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) has been developed to detect explosives directly in their bulk form using radio waves. In the last year, large scale NQR systems have been used to screen airline baggage and mail at airports in the US and Europe. In this Phase I SBIR program, we investigated the feasibility of modifying current airline NQR systems to make them man-portable and capable of detecting landmines under field conditions. In the context of an overall engineering redesign, we investigated two principal technical issues: 1) the use of advanced signal processing techniques to increase sensitivity and signal discrimination, and 2) the limits of conventional (transistor-based) NQR receivers and the potential improvements offered by superconducting sensors. These studies show that it should be possible to develop a man-portable detection system capable of detecting over 90% of all plastic-cased mines (regardless of metal content) and 100% of metallic-cased mines and UXO when buried at typical depths. We estimate that an NQR-based mine detection system will produce 10 or less false alarms per 100 m(2) at a detection probability of>90%. Phase I successfully sets the groundwork for development and field testing of a prototype NQR-based mine and UXO detector in Phase II.
Book Synopsis EM61 Metal Detector for Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Detection and Characterization by :
Download or read book EM61 Metal Detector for Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Detection and Characterization written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets by :
Download or read book Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
