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Design Synthesis And Characterization Of Amphiphilic Molecules For Biomedical Applications
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Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Amphiphilic Molecules for Biomedical Applications by : Yingyue Zhang
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Amphiphilic Molecules for Biomedical Applications written by Yingyue Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Amphiphilic Colloidal Formulations for Biomedical and Personal Care Applications by : Alysha Eileen Moretti
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Amphiphilic Colloidal Formulations for Biomedical and Personal Care Applications written by Alysha Eileen Moretti and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphiphilic molecules comprised of a hydrophilic and hydrophobic domain are able to self-assemble into a variety of higher order aggregates. These aggregate structures, and their diverse morphologies, have been utilized for the delivery of bioactive agents. Additionally, amphiphiles can be tailored to exhibit inherent bioactivity. This dissertation describes the design and synthesis of amphiphilic molecules that self-assemble into aggregate structures with defined physicochemical properties. Their formulation and biological activity for diverse biomedical and personal care applications are fully characterized. Amphiphilic macromolecules (AMs) conjugated to ligands known to activate the G-coupled protein receptor TGR5 were investigated as nanoparticle (NP) formulations for the reduction of inflammation in atherosclerotic macrophages. Macrophages propagate the atherosclerotic cascade by uncontrolled internalization of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and subsequent secretion of inflammatory cytokines. AMs, based on an acylated sugar backbone conjugated to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), were synthesized containing a lithocholic acid (LCA) moiety, a known TGR5 agonist. Ligand-conjugated AMs were formulated into NPs to mitigate the lipid burden and inflammatory phenotype by competitively inhibiting oxLDL uptake through scavenger receptor (SR) interactions and activating the athero-protective receptor TGR5. Ligand-conjugated AM NPs significantly reduce oxLDL uptake compared to untreated controls and lower expression of inflammatory genes under direct control of TGR5. These studies demonstrate the potential of ligand-conjugated AM NPs to reduce the atherosclerotic phenotype in activated macrophages. Modifications were also made to AMs to enable their incorporation into distearoylphosphatidylcholine- (DSPC- ) based liposomes for delivery applications. Liposome use has aided in the bioavailability, solubility, and improved pharmacokinetic profiles of a wide variety of active ingredients for biomedical and personal care products. This work expands upon the AM design to generate two series of molecules that simultaneously stabilize liposome colloidal properties and can be utilized to fine-tune release profiles of encapsulated cargo. Two series of AMs were synthesized with variations in their hydrophobic domains. All AMs improve upon stability properties at storage and physiological temperatures compared to DSPC-based liposomes alone. The chemical features of AMs, particularly the degree of unsaturation in the hydrophobic domain, influence release of hydrophilic molecules from liposomes' interior. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal that AMs' chemical structures influence local lipid properties, leading to the experimentally observed results. Together, this data offers insight that can be applied to design AMs with desirable physicochemical properties for bioactive delivery. Small molecule cationic amphiphiles (CAms) were designed to combat the rapid rise in drug resistant bacteria. CAms were designed to target and compromise the structural integrity of bacteria membranes, leading to cell rupture and death. Discrete structural features of CAms were varied and structure-activity relationship studies were performed to guide the rational design of potent antimicrobials with desirable selectivity and cytocompatibility profiles. In particular, the effect of cationic conformational flexibility, hydrophobic domain flexibility, and hydrophobic domain architecture were evaluated. Their influence on antimicrobial efficacy in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was determined, and their safety profiles established by assessing their impact on mammalian cells. All CAms have potent activity against bacteria and hydrophobic domain rigidity and branched architecture contribute to specificity. The insights gained from this project will aid in the optimization of CAm structures. Together, these three primary projects build upon the design of biocompatible amphiphiles that enable the delivery of bioactive molecules. Thorough structure-activity relationship studies were performed in each chapter to identify and generate amphiphiles with desirable outcomes for the specific application.
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Bioactive Amphiphiles for Therapeutic Applications by : Allison Marie Faig
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Bioactive Amphiphiles for Therapeutic Applications written by Allison Marie Faig and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of New Phosphazene Related Materials, and Study the Structure Property Correlations by : Zhicheng Tian
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of New Phosphazene Related Materials, and Study the Structure Property Correlations written by Zhicheng Tian and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work described in this thesis is divided into three major parts, and all of which involve the exploration of the chemistry of polyphosphazenes. The first part (chapters 2 and 3) of my research is synthesis and study polyphoshazenes for biomedical applications, including polymer drug conjugates and injectable hydrogels for drug or biomolecule delivery. The second part (chapters 4 and 5) focuses on the synthesis of several organic/inorganic hybrid polymeric structures, such as diblock, star, brush and palm tree copolymers using living cationic polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization techniques. The last part (chapters 6 and 7) is about exploratory synthesis of new polymeric structures with fluorinated side groups or cycloaliphatic side groups, and the study of new structure property relationships.Chapter 1 is an outline of the fundamental concepts for polymeric materials, as such the history, important definitions, and some introductory material for to polymer chemistry and physics. The chemistry and applications of phopshazenes is also briefly described.Chapter 2 is a description of the design, synthesis, and characterization of development of a new class of polymer drug conjugate materials based on biodegradable polyphosphazenes and antibiotics. Poly(dichlorophosphazene), synthesized by a thermal ring opening polymerization, was reacted with up to 25 mol% of ciprofloxacin or norfloxacin and three different amino acid esters (glycine, alanine, or phenylalanine) as cosubstituents via macromolecular substitutions. Nano/microfibers of several selected polymers were prepared by an electrospinning technique. The hydrolysis rate and the antibiotic release profile can be well tuned by either the polymer compositions, or the surface area monitored by a six week in vitro hydrolysis experiment. All the polymers gave a near-neutral hydrolysis environment with the pH ranging from 5.9--6.8. In an in vitro antibacterial test against E.coli, the antibacterial activity of the hydrolysis media was maintained as long as the polymer hydrolysis continued.Chapter 3 is concerned with the development of a class of injectable and biodegradable hydrogels based on water-soluble poly(organophosphazenes) containing oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ethers and glycine ethyl esters. The hydrogels can be obtained by mixing [alpha]-cyclodextrin aqueous solution and poly(organophosphazenes) aqueous solution in various gelation rates depending on the polymer structures and the concentrations. The rheological measurements of the supramolecular hydrogels indicate a fast gelation process and flowable character under a large stain. The hydrogel system also exhibits structure-related reversible gel-sol transition properties at a certain temperature. The formation of a channel-type inclusion complex induced gelation mechanism was studied by DSC, TGA, 13C CP/MAS NMR and X-ray diffraction techniques. In vitro bovine serum albumin release of the hydrogel system was explored and the biodegradability of poly(organophosphazenes) was studied.Chapter 4 outlines the preparation of a number of amphiphilic diblock copolymers based on poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene] (TFE) as the hydrophobic block and poly(dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate) (PDMAEMA) as the hydrophilic block. The TFE block was synthesized first by the controlled living cationic polymerization of a phosphoranimine, followed by replacement of all the chlorine atoms using sodium trifluoroethoxide. To allow for the growth of the PDMAEMA block, 3-azidopropyl-2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate, an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator, was grafted onto the endcap of the TFE block via the 'click' reaction followed by the ATRP of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA). Once synthesized, micelles were formed by a standard method and their characteristics were examined using fluorescence techniques, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. The critical micelle concentrations of the diblock copolymers as determined by fluorescence techniques using pyrene as a hydrophobic probe were between 3.47 and 9.55mg/L, with the partition equilibrium constant of pyrene in these micelles ranging from 0.12x105-1.52x105. The diameters measured by dynamic light scattering were 100-142nm at 25oC with a narrow distribution, which were also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Chapter 5 is a report on the design and assembly of polyphosphazene materials based on the non-covalent "host--guest" interactions either at the terminus of the polymeric main-chains or the pendant side-chains. The supramolecular interaction at the main chain terminus was used to produce amphiphilic palm-tree like pseudo-block copolymers via host-guest interactions between an adamantane end-functionalized polyphosphazene and a 4-armed [beta]-cyclodextrin ([beta]-CD) initiated poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacylate] branched-star type polymer. The formation of micelles of the obtained amphiphiles was analyzed by fluorescence technique, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The supramolecular interactions involving polymer side-chains were achieved between polyphosphazenes with [beta]-CD pendant units and other polyphosphazene molecules with adamantyl moieties on the side-chains. These interactions worked as physical crosslinks which were responsible for the formation of a supramolecular hydrogel. The results of this work demonstrated the synthetic possibilities for these novel polymeric structures. These materials show potential for applications as smart drug delivery micro-vehicles, responsive hydrogels, and self-healing materials.Chapter 6 is an investigation of the influence of bulky fluoroalkoxy side groups on the properties of polyphosphazenes. A new series of mixed-substituent high polymeric poly(fluoroalkoxyphosphazenes) containing trifluoroethoxy and branched fluoroalkoxy side groups was synthesized and characterized by NMR and GPC methods. These polymers contained 19--29 mol% of di-branched hexafluoropropoxy groups or 4mol% of tri-branched tert-perfluorobutoxy groups, which serve as regio-irregularities to reduce the macromolecular microcrystallinity. The structure--property correlations of the polymers were then analyzed and interpreted by several techniques: specifically by the thermal behavior by DSC and TGA methods, the crystallinity by wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and the surface hydrophobicity/oleophobicity by contact angle measurements. Ultraviolet crosslinkable elastomers were prepared from the new polymers through the incorporation of 3mol% of 2-allylphenoxy and photo-irradiation. The mechanical properties and the elastomeric deformation--recovery behavior were then monitored by varying the time of ultraviolet irradiation. Side reactions detected during the synthesis of the high polymers, such as side group exchange reactions and alpha-carbon attack, were analyzed via use of a cyclic trimer model system.Chapter 7 is an outline of the exploratory synthesis of a new series of phosphazene model cyclic trimers and single- and mixed- substituent high polymers containing cyclic aliphatic rings, --CnH2n-1 (where n = 4--8). The cylco-aliphatic side group containing phosphazenes expand the structural and property boundaries of phosphazene chemistry, and suggest additional approaches for studying slow macromolecular substitution reactions and substituent exchange reactions. Polymer structure--property relationships are interpreted and correlated to glass transition temperatures, thermal decomposition temperatures, hydrophobicity, and membrane mechanical properties. Films prepared from these polymers are low cost, tough and non-adhesive. They can be used in variety of applications especially where transparency is important.
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Biodentritic Polymers by : Nathanael R. Luman
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Biodentritic Polymers written by Nathanael R. Luman and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Research concerning dendritic polymers continues to expand as further advances in synthetic methodology and characterization techniques translate to additional applications. Dendritic polymers composed of natural metabolites such as glycerol, succinic acid, myristic acid, glycine, and cholesterol are synthesized, functionalized, and evaluated as new medical materials. The design and synthesis of p[barbelow]oly(gl ycerol-s[barbelow]uccinic a[barbelow]cid) (PGLSA) dendrimers and dendrons are discussed, including comparing and contrasting the convergent versus the divergent methodologies for preparing such macromolecules. Specifically, the high yielding convergent synthesis of PGLSA dendrimers and dendrons is presented that facilitates the preparation of particularly interesting and complex polymers. For example, amphiphilic surface-block dendrimers which display aqueous self-assembly properties are described. Such amphiphilic dendrimers can preferentially solubilize hydrophibic molecules within spontaneously formed supramolecular aggregates in aqueous solution and may be useful for drug delivery applications. Photocrosslinkable dendritic macromolecules are prepared possessing methacrylate groups at the dendritic periphery. These polymers form three-dimensional hydrogels when irradiated with light and have desirable physical properties for wound sealing procedures. Additionally, quaternized amines are incorporated into amphiphilic surface-block dendrimers and these macromolecules display DNA binding capabilities. Such molecules are of interest for gene transfection applications. A cholesterol derivative is described which displays unique physical properties such as thermal transition temperature and critical aggregation concentration. Finally, layered dendrimers are designed and prepared that have distinct 1 H NMR chemical shifts in different generations. These dendrimers encapsulate Reichardt's dye and provide new insight into dendritic host/guest interactions. Overall, the family of dendritic PGLSA polymers presented provide methods of manipulating many key physical properties necessary for the development of new and improved patient treatments. Furthermore, the synthetic methods described herein can be utilized to prepare an entire host of functionalized macromolecules with degrees of precision highly unusual for macromolecular systems.
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Functional Rod-like and Disc-shaped Molecules by : Wenmiao Shu
Download or read book Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Functional Rod-like and Disc-shaped Molecules written by Wenmiao Shu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Miktoarm Star Polymers by : Ashok Kakkar
Download or read book Miktoarm Star Polymers written by Ashok Kakkar and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-04-20 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a detailed monograph on the topic, this book features chapters from experts actively working in this field, and is intended to provide the reader with a unique overview of the fundamental principles of this exciting macromolecular platform.
Book Synopsis Cationic Polymers in Regenerative Medicine by : Sangram Keshari Samal
Download or read book Cationic Polymers in Regenerative Medicine written by Sangram Keshari Samal and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unique physico-chemical properties of cationic polymers and their ability to be easily modified make them attractive for many biological applications. As a result there is a vast amount of research focussed on designing novel natural or synthetic cationic polymers with specific biological functionality. Cationic Polymers in Regenerative Medicine brings together the expertise of leading experts in the field to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in cationic polymer synthesis, modification and the design of biomaterials with different structures for therapeutic applications. Chapters cover recent developments in novel cationic polymer based systems including poly(L-lysine), Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and cationic triazine dendrimers as well as cationic polymer-coated micro- and nanoparticles and cationic cellulose and chitin nanocrystals. Applications discussed in the book include drug and gene delivery, therapeutics in thrombosis and inflammation as well as gene therapy. Suitable both for an educational perspective for those new to the field and those already active in the field, the book appeals to postgraduates and researchers. The broad aspects of the topics covered are suitable for polymer chemists interested in the fundamentals of the materials systems as well as pharmaceutical chemists, bioengineering and medical professionals interested in their applications.
Book Synopsis Structure Based Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Small Molecules as Inhibitors of Parasitic Targets by : Theresa Bayer
Download or read book Structure Based Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Small Molecules as Inhibitors of Parasitic Targets written by Theresa Bayer and published by . This book was released on 2021* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parasitic diseases, schistosomiasis, malaria, trypanosomiasis, epigenetics, HDAC's, organic synthesis, small molecules, hydroxamic acids, crystal structures.
Book Synopsis Beyond the Molecular Frontier by : National Research Council
Download or read book Beyond the Molecular Frontier written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Self-assembly of Giant Shape Amphiphiles with Precisely Controlled Compositions, Interactions, and Geometries Via a Molecular Lego Approach by : Su Zebin
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Self-assembly of Giant Shape Amphiphiles with Precisely Controlled Compositions, Interactions, and Geometries Via a Molecular Lego Approach written by Su Zebin and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-assemblies of soft matters attract broad interests of material scientists since this technology provides versatile designs, relatively low economic cost, convenient route to construct ordered structures at different scales. Tremendous achievements such as various of hierarchical architectures and diverse attracting properties have been achieved by utilizing by self-assemblies of polymer building blocks. However, the challenges of precise controls of designed chemical primary structures, compositions, molecular topology and exact constructions of assembled structures in synthetic polymers are far away from being well addressed. In this dissertation, a novel approach named "molecular Lego approach" has been utilized to construct various well-defined giant molecules, constructed by several types of building blocks, which are nano-sized molecules with precise molecular structure, relatively rigid conformation, and defined molecular symmetry. Three categories of "giant shape amphiphiles" with different driving force for self-assemblies were designed, synthesized, and investigate in detail. First, we designed and synthesized a series of nanosized giant shape amphiphiles in which a triphenylene core is attached to six identical polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) cages at the periphery through covalent linkers with tunable lengths. Giant shape amphiphiles are molecular building blocks that consist of different moieties of distinct shapes, and engage in competing interactions. The relatively weak [pi-pi] stacking interactions among conjugated aromatic triphenylene cores enable the segregation from peripheric BPOSS cages (POSS functionalized with seven isobutyl groups). Moreover, the tunability of the linker length enables the formation of various ordered spherical phases. Using this platform, we report the experimental observation of the FK Z phase in a soft matter system. Based on these results, we then designed and studied the self-assembly phase transition behaviors of another two series of giant shape amphiphiles. The driving force of these two series of giant shape amphiphiles are only [pi-pi] stacking interactions supplied by triphenylene core, but also hydrogen bonding supplied by the linkers. With systematically tuning the length and rigidity of the linkers, we observed various of phases, including DDQC phase, F-K [sigma] phase, body centered cubic (BCC) phase and HEX phase. Furthermore, we find two sets of giant shape amphiphiles based on benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide and cyclotriphosphazene. There is not [pi-pi] stacking interaction between these two types of cores. The driving force for these two sets of samples are mainly hydrogen bonding. These two sets of giant shape amphiphiles self-assemble into BCC phase and A15 phase. These results suggest that the crown shape molecular design is a general way to construct complex spherical phases. These studies suggest that "molecular Lego approach" self-assemblies based on well-defined giant shape amphiphiles can be a powerful platform for achieving unconventional hierarchical structures and pave a new way for supramolecular self-assembly with expected structure, designed properties and function.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Nanomaterials by : Rostyslav S. Stoika
Download or read book Biomedical Nanomaterials written by Rostyslav S. Stoika and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book characterizes how to design and synthesize nanomaterials of an organic and mineral nature. The book also discusses the visualization of developed nanomaterials and their bio-applications, as well as describes the biomedical effects and environmental impact of nanomaterials. This is an ideal book for students studying biomedicine or the life sciences, as well as researchers and professionals in medicine, environmental protection, biotechnology, agriculture, and the food industry. More specifically, this book addresses the important nanomaterials and nanobiotechnologies that are used in those fields in biomedicine and life sciences.
Book Synopsis Design and Development of New Nanocarriers by : Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
Download or read book Design and Development of New Nanocarriers written by Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design and Development of New Nanocarriers focuses on the design and development of new nanocarriers used in pharmaceutical applications that have emerged in recent years. In particular, the pharmaceutical uses of microfluidic techniques, supramolecular design of nanocapsules, smart hydrogels, polymeric micelles, exosomes and metal nanoparticles are discussed in detail. Written by a diverse group of international researchers, this book is a valuable reference resource for those working in both biomaterials science and the pharmaceutical industry. Shows how nanomanufacturing techniques can help to create more effective, cheaper pharmaceutical products Explores how nanofabrication techniques developed in the lab have been translated to commercial applications in recent years Explains safety and regulatory aspects of the use of nanomanufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical industry
Book Synopsis Supramolecular Chemistry by : Peter J. Cragg
Download or read book Supramolecular Chemistry written by Peter J. Cragg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-26 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to return to the biomimicry and medicinal potential that inspired many of the early supramolecular chemists and to set it in the context of current advances in the field. Following an overview of supramolecular chemistry, the first section considers the efforts made to synthesize artificial systems that mimic biological entities. The second section addresses the application of supramolecular principles to molecular diagnostics with a particular emphasis on the ‘receptor-relayreporter’ motif. Many of the examples chosen have clinical importance. The third section takes the clinical diagnostic theme further and demonstrates the therapeutic applications of supramolecular chemistry through photodynamic therapy, drug delivery, and the potential for synthetic peptides to form antibiotic tubes. The short epilogue considers the potential for supramolecular solutions to be found for further challenges in biomimetic and therapeutic chemistry.
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Application of Novel π-Conjugated Materials by : Haichang Zhang
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Application of Novel π-Conjugated Materials written by Haichang Zhang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polymer Particles by : Masayoshi Okubo
Download or read book Polymer Particles written by Masayoshi Okubo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-02-10 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this special volume on polymer particles, recent trends and developments in the synthesis of nano- to micron-sized polymer particles by radical polymerization (Emulsion, Miniemulsion, Microemulsion, and Dispersion Polymerizations) of vinyl monomers in environmentally friendly heterogeneous aqueous and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid media are reviewed by prominent worldwide researchers. In addition to the important challenges and possibilities with regards to design and preparation of functionalized polymer particles of controlled size, the topics described are of great current interest due to the increased awareness of environmental issues.
Book Synopsis The Sugar Code by : Hans-Joachim Gabius
Download or read book The Sugar Code written by Hans-Joachim Gabius and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-19 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reader friendly overview of the structure and functional relevance of natural glycosylation and its cognate proteins (lectins), this book is also one of the few books to cover their role in health and disease. Edited by one of the pioneering experts in the field and written by a team of renowned researchers this resource is a perfect introduction for all students in life and medical sciences, biochemistry, chemistry and pharmacy. Website: WWW.WILEY-VCH.DE/HOME/THESUGARCODE
