Descartes And The Last Scholastics

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Descartes and the Last Scholastics

Author : Roger Ariew
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501733249
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Descartes and the Last Scholastics by : Roger Ariew

Download or read book Descartes and the Last Scholastics written by Roger Ariew and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ongoing renaissance in Descartes studies has been characterized by an attempt to understand the philosopher's texts against his own intellectual background. Roger Ariew here argues that Cartesian philosophy should be regarded as it was in Descartes's own day—as a reaction against, as well as an indebtedness to, scholastic philosophy. His book illuminates Cartesian philosophy by analyzing debates between Descartes and contemporary schoolmen and surveying controversies arising in its first reception. The volume touches upon many topics and themes shared by Cartesian and late scholastic philosophy: matter and form; infinity, place, time, void, and motion; the substance of the heavens; the object or subject of metaphysics; principles of metaphysics (being and ideas) and transcendentals (for example, unity, quantity, principle of individuation, truth and falsity). Part I exhibits the differences and similarities among the doctrines of Descartes and those of Jesuits and other scholastics in seventeenth-century France. The contrasts Descartes drew between his philosophy and that of others are the subject of Part II, which also examines some arguments in which he was involved and details the continued controversy caused by Cartesianism in the second half of the seventeenth century.

Descartes Among the Scholastics

Author : Roger Ariew
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004207244
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Descartes Among the Scholastics by : Roger Ariew

Download or read book Descartes Among the Scholastics written by Roger Ariew and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-06-22 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rev. ed. of: Descartes and the last Scholastics. 1999.

Descartes Among the Scholastics

Author : Marjorie Grene
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Descartes Among the Scholastics by : Marjorie Grene

Download or read book Descartes Among the Scholastics written by Marjorie Grene and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Descartes and the First Cartesians

Author : Roger Ariew
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199563519
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Descartes and the First Cartesians by : Roger Ariew

Download or read book Descartes and the First Cartesians written by Roger Ariew and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roger Ariew presents a new account of Descartes as a philosopher who sought to engage his contemporaries and society. He argues that the Principles of Philosophy was written to rival Scholastic textbooks, and considers Descartes' enterprise in contrast to the tradition it was designed to replace and in relation to the works of the first Cartesians.

The Cambridge Companion to Descartes

Author : John Cottingham
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521366960
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (669 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to Descartes by : John Cottingham

Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to Descartes written by John Cottingham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-09-25 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Descartes occupies a position of pivotal importance as one of the founding fathers of modern philosophy; he is, perhaps the most widely studied of all philosophers. In this authoritative collection an international team of leading scholars in Cartesian studies present the full range of Descartes' extraordinary philosophical achievement. His life and the development of his thought, as well as the intellectual background to and reception of his work, are treated at length. At the core of the volume are a group of chapters on his metaphysics: the celebrated 'Cogito' argument, the proofs of God's existence, the 'Cartesian circle' and the dualistic theory of the mind and its relation to his theological and scientific views. Other chapters cover the philosophical implications of his work in algebra, his place in the seventeenth-century scientific revolution, the structure of his physics, and his work on physiology and psychology.

Descartes and His Contemporaries

Author : Roger Ariew
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226026299
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis Descartes and His Contemporaries by : Roger Ariew

Download or read book Descartes and His Contemporaries written by Roger Ariew and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1995-10-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before publishing his landmark Meditations in 1641, Rene Descartes sent his manuscript to many leading thinkers to solicit their objections to his arguments. He included these objections, along with his own detailed replies, as part of the first edition. This unusual strategy gave Descartes a chance to address criticisms in advance and to demonstrate his willingness to consider diverse viewpoints—critical in an age when radical ideas could result in condemnation by church and state, or even death. Descartes and his Contemporaries recreates the tumultuous intellectual community of seventeenth-century Europe and provides a detailed, modern analysis of the Meditations in its historical context. The book's chapters examine the arguments and positions of each of the objectors—Hobbes, Gassendi, Arnauld, Morin, Caterus, Bourdin, and others whose views were compiled by Mersenne. They illuminate Descartes' relationships to the scholastics and particularly the Jesuits, to Mersenne's circle with its debates about the natural sciences, to the Epicurean movements of his day, and to the Augustinian tradition. Providing a glimpse of the interactions among leading 17th-century intellectuals as they grappled with major philosophical issues, this book sheds light on how Descartes' thought developed and was articulated in opposition to the ideas of his contemporaries.

Historical Dictionary of Descartes and Cartesian Philosophy

Author : Roger Ariew
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
ISBN 13 : 9780810848337
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (483 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Descartes and Cartesian Philosophy by : Roger Ariew

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Descartes and Cartesian Philosophy written by Roger Ariew and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Historical Dictionary of Descartes and Cartesian Philosophy includes many entries on Descartes's writings, concepts, and findings. Since it is historical, there are other entries on those who supported him, those who criticized him, those who corrected him, and those who together formed one of the major movements in philosophy, Cartesianism. To better understand the period, the authors drew up a brief chronology, and to see how Descartes and Cartesianism fit into the general picture, they have written an introduction and a biography. Since everything cannot be summed up in one volume, a bibliography directs readers to numerous other sources on issues of particular interest. We usually teach Modern Philosophy beginning with René Descartes, "the father of modern philosophy," and ending with Immanuel Kant. This typically involves a view of Modern Philosophy consisting of two distinct camps: Continental Rationalists (Descartes, Baruch Spinoza, and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz), who it is said emphasize reason at the expense of the senses, and British Empiricists (John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume), who accentuate the senses after rejecting innate ideas. Given this picture, Kant is then presented as the culminating figure of modern philosophy because of his attempt to synthesize the rationalist and empiricist traditions. While there is some truth in the simple schema we teach, its greatest deficiency is that it misses too much of the real Descartes. In the 17th century Descartes was known as well, if not more, for his achievements in mathematics, physics, cosmology, physiology, philosophical psychology, and so forth. It would be difficult to overstate the influence of Descartes over practically every aspect of 17th century thought, even over such far-flung subjects as geology and medicine. Moreover, the followers of Descartes were extraordinarily committed to their master's thought; and anti-Cartesians were just as determined to condemn Cartesianism, to refute it, to be rid of it in any way p

The A to Z of Descartes and Cartesian Philosophy

Author : Roger Ariew
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
ISBN 13 : 146167185X
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (616 download)

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Book Synopsis The A to Z of Descartes and Cartesian Philosophy by : Roger Ariew

Download or read book The A to Z of Descartes and Cartesian Philosophy written by Roger Ariew and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2010-04-06 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The A to Z of Descartes and Cartesian Philosophy includes many entries on Descartes's writings, concepts, and findings. Since it is historical, there are other entries on those who supported him, those who criticized him, those who corrected him, and those who together formed one of the major movements in philosophy, Cartesianism. To better understand the period, the authors drew up a brief chronology, and to see how Descartes and Cartesianism fit into the general picture, they have written an introduction and a biography. Since everything cannot be summed up in one volume, a bibliography directs readers to numerous other sources on issues of particular interest.

Cartesian Metaphysics

Author : Jorge Secada
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521616140
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (161 download)

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Book Synopsis Cartesian Metaphysics by : Jorge Secada

Download or read book Cartesian Metaphysics written by Jorge Secada and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-12-02 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book-length study of Decartes' metaphysics to place it in its immediate historical context, the Late Scholastic philosophy of thinkers such as Suárez against which Descartes reacted. Jorge Secada views Cartesian philosophy as an "essentialist" reply to the "existentialism" of the School, and his discussion includes careful analyses and original interpretations of such central Cartesian themes as the role of skepticism, the theory of substance, and the dualism of mind and matter. His study offers a picture of Descartes' metaphysics that is both novel and philosophically illuminating.

Descartes on Causation

Author : Tad M. Schmaltz
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199958505
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Descartes on Causation by : Tad M. Schmaltz

Download or read book Descartes on Causation written by Tad M. Schmaltz and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a systematic study of Descartes' theory of causation and its relation to the medieval and early modern scholastic philosophy that provides its proper historical context. The argument presented here is that even though Descartes offered a dualistic ontology that differs radically from what we find in scholasticism, his views on causation were profoundly influenced by scholastic thought on this issue. This influence is evident not only in his affirmation in the Meditations of the abstract scholastic axioms that a cause must contain the reality of its effects and that conservation does not differ in reality from creation, but also in the details of the accounts of body-body interaction in his physics, of mind-body interaction in his psychology, and of the causation that he took to be involved in free human action. In contrast to those who have read Descartes as endorsing the "occasionalist" conclusion that God is the only real cause, a central thesis of this study is that he accepted what in the context of scholastic debates regarding causation is the antipode of occasionalism, namely, the view that creatures rather than God are the causal source of natural change. What emerges from the defense of this interpretation of Descartes is a new understanding of his contribution to modern thought on causation.

Descartes on Causation

Author : Tad M. Schmaltz
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198043904
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (439 download)

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Book Synopsis Descartes on Causation by : Tad M. Schmaltz

Download or read book Descartes on Causation written by Tad M. Schmaltz and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a systematic study of Descartes' theory of causation and its relation to the medieval and early modern scholastic philosophy that provides its proper historical context. The argument presented here is that even though Descartes offered a dualistic ontology that differs radically from what we find in scholasticism, his views on causation were profoundly influenced by scholastic thought on this issue. This influence is evident not only in his affirmation in the Meditations of the abstract scholastic axioms that a cause must contain the reality of its effects and that conservation does not differ in reality from creation, but also in the details of the accounts of body-body interaction in his physics, of mind-body interaction in his psychology, and of the causation that he took to be involved in free human action. In contrast to those who have read Descartes as endorsing the "occasionalist" conclusion that God is the only real cause, a central thesis of this study is that he accepted what in the context of scholastic debates regarding causation is the antipode of occasionalism, namely, the view that creatures rather than God are the causal source of natural change. What emerges from the defense of this interpretation of Descartes is a new understanding of his contribution to modern thought on causation.

Descartes: Philosophical Essays and Correspondence

Author : René Descartes
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1603840176
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Descartes: Philosophical Essays and Correspondence by : René Descartes

Download or read book Descartes: Philosophical Essays and Correspondence written by René Descartes and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 2000-03-15 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A superb text for teaching the philosophy of Descartes, this volume includes all his major works in their entirety, important selections from his lesser known writings, and key selections from his philosophical correspondence. The result is an anthology that enables the reader to understand the development of Descartes’s thought over his lifetime. Includes a biographical Introduction, chronology, bibliography, and index.

Radical Cartesianism

Author : Tad M. Schmaltz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 113943425X
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Radical Cartesianism by : Tad M. Schmaltz

Download or read book Radical Cartesianism written by Tad M. Schmaltz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-22 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book-length study of two of Descartes's most innovative successors, Robert Desgabets and Pierre-Sylvain Regis, and of their highly original contributions to Cartesianism. The focus of the book is an analysis of radical doctrines in the work of these thinkers that derive from arguments in Descartes: on the creation of eternal truths, on the intentionality of ideas, and on the soul-body union. As well as relating their work to that of fellow Cartesians such as Malebranche and Arnauld, the book also establishes the important though neglected role played by Desgabets and Regis in the theologically and politically charged reception of Descartes in early modern France. This is a major contribution to the history of Cartesianism that will be of special interest to historians of early modern philosophy and historians of ideas.

Descartes' Metaphysical Physics

Author : Daniel Garber
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226282176
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (821 download)

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Book Synopsis Descartes' Metaphysical Physics by : Daniel Garber

Download or read book Descartes' Metaphysical Physics written by Daniel Garber and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1992-05 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first book-length treatment of Descartes' important and influential natural philosophy, Daniel Garber is principally concerned with Descartes' accounts of matter and motion—the joint between Descartes' philosophical and scientific interests. These accounts constitute the point at which the metaphysical doctrines on God, the soul, and body, developed in writings like the Meditations, give rise to physical conclusions regarding atoms, vacua, and the laws that matter in motion must obey. Garber achieves a philosophically rigorous reading of Descartes that is sensitive to the historical and intellectual context in which he wrote. What emerges is a novel view of this familiar figure, at once unexpected and truer to the historical Descartes. The book begins with a discussion of Descartes' intellectual development and the larger project that frames his natural philosophy, the complete reform of all the sciences. After this introduction Garber thoroughly examines various aspects of Descartes' physics: the notion of body and its identification with extension; Descartes' rejection of the substantial forms of the scholastics; his relation to the atomistic tradition of atoms and the void; the concept of motion and the laws of motion, including Descartes' conservation principle, his laws of the persistence of motion, and his collision law; and the grounding of his laws in God.

Modern Philosophy

Author : Roger Ariew
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1603843221
Total Pages : 847 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Philosophy by : Roger Ariew

Download or read book Modern Philosophy written by Roger Ariew and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09-01 with total page 847 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading anthology of writings of the modern period, Modern Philosophy provides the key works of seven major philosophers, along with a rich selection of associated texts by other leading thinkers of the period, chosen to deepen the reader's understanding of modern philosophy and its relationship to the natural sciences. Building on the strengths of the first edition, the second edition of Modern Philosophy is enhanced by the addition of the following selections: Montaigne, Apology for Raymond Sebond, "The Senses Are Inadequate”; Newton, Principia, "General Scholium," and Optics, "Query 31”; Hume, Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, Parts 1-5 and 9-12; Reid, Inquiry Into Human Mind, Conclusion, andEssays on the Intellectual Powers of Man,"Of Judgment,"chap. 2, Of Common Sense

A Discourse of a Method for the Well Guiding of Reason

Author : Rene Descartes
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781523808847
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis A Discourse of a Method for the Well Guiding of Reason by : Rene Descartes

Download or read book A Discourse of a Method for the Well Guiding of Reason written by Rene Descartes and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-01-31 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rene Descartes is often credited with being the "Father of Modern Philosophy." This title is justified due both to his break with the traditional Scholastic-Aristotelian philosophy prevalent at his time and to his development and promotion of the new, mechanistic sciences. His fundamental break with Scholastic philosophy was twofold. First, Descartes thought that the Scholastics' method was prone to doubt given their reliance on sensation as the source for all knowledge. Second, he wanted to replace their final causal model of scientific explanation with the more modern, mechanistic model. Descartes attempted to address the former issue via his method of doubt. His basic strategy was to consider false any belief that falls prey to even the slightest doubt. This "hyperbolic doubt" then serves to clear the way for what Descartes considers to be an unprejudiced search for the truth. This clearing of his previously held beliefs then puts him at an epistemological ground-zero. From here Descartes sets out to find something that lies beyond all doubt. He eventually discovers that "I exist" is impossible to doubt and is, therefore, absolutely certain. It is from this point that Descartes proceeds to demonstrate God's existence and that God cannot be a deceiver. This, in turn, serves to fix the certainty of everything that is clearly and distinctly understood and provides the epistemological foundation Descartes set out to find. Once this conclusion is reached, Descartes can proceed to rebuild his system of previously dubious beliefs on this absolutely certain foundation. These beliefs, which are re-established with absolute certainty, include the existence of a world of bodies external to the mind, the dualistic distinction of the immaterial mind from the body, and his mechanistic model of physics based on the clear and distinct ideas of geometry. This points toward his second, major break with the Scholastic Aristotelian tradition in that Descartes intended to replace their system based on final causal explanations with his system based on mechanistic principles. Descartes also applied this mechanistic framework to the operation of plant, animal and human bodies, sensation and the passions. All of this eventually culminating in a moral system based on the notion of "generosity." The presentation below provides an overview of Descartes' philosophical thought as it relates to these various metaphysical, epistemological, religious, moral and scientific issues, covering the wide range of his published works and correspondence."

The Cambridge Descartes Lexicon

Author : Lawrence Nolan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316380939
Total Pages : 1642 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (163 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Descartes Lexicon by : Lawrence Nolan

Download or read book The Cambridge Descartes Lexicon written by Lawrence Nolan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-01 with total page 1642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Descartes Lexicon is the definitive reference source on René Descartes, 'the father of modern philosophy' and arguably among the most important philosophers of all time. Examining the full range of Descartes' achievements and legacy, it includes 256 in-depth entries that explain key concepts relating to his thought. Cumulatively they uncover interpretative disputes, trace his influences, and explain how his work was received by critics and developed by followers. There are entries on topics such as certainty, cogito ergo sum, doubt, dualism, free will, God, geometry, happiness, human being, knowledge, Meditations on First Philosophy, mind, passion, physics, and virtue, which are written by the largest and most distinguished team of Cartesian scholars ever assembled for a collaborative research project - 92 contributors from ten countries.