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Cultivars Anthropic Soils And Stability
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Book Synopsis Rethinking Agriculture by : Timothy P Denham
Download or read book Rethinking Agriculture written by Timothy P Denham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the need to study agriculture in different parts of the world on its “own terms” has long been recognized and re-affirmed, a tendency persists to evaluate agriculture across the globe using concepts, lines of evidence and methods derived from Eurasian research. However, researchers working in different regions are becoming increasingly aware of fundamental differences in the nature of, and methods employed to study, agriculture and plant exploitation practices in the past. Contributions to this volume rethink agriculture, whether in terms of existing regional chronologies, in terms of techniques employed, or in terms of the concepts that frame our interpretations. This volume highlights new archaeological and ethnoarchaeological research on early agriculture in understudied non-Eurasian regions, including Island Southeast Asia and the Pacific, the Americas and Africa, to present a more balanced view of the origins and development of agricultural practices around the globe.
Book Synopsis Soils in Archaeological Research by : Vance T. Holliday
Download or read book Soils in Archaeological Research written by Vance T. Holliday and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-19 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soils, invaluable indicators of the nature and history of the physical and human landscape, have strongly influenced the cultural record left to archaeologists. Not only are they primary reservoirs for artifacts, they often encase entire sites. And soil-forming processes in themselves are an important component of site formation, influencing which artifacts, features, and environmental indicators (floral, faunal, and geological) will be destroyed and to what extent and which will be preserved and how well. In this book, Holliday will address each of these issues in terms of fundamentals as well as in field case histories from all over the world. The focus will be on principles of soil geomorphology , soil stratigraphy, and soil chemistry and their applications in archaeological research.
Download or read book Phytoliths written by Dolores R. Piperno and published by Rowman Altamira. This book was released on 2006-01-30 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of phytoliths—inorganic silica remnants plants leave behind when they die and decay—has developed dramatically over the last twenty years. New publications have documented a diverse array of phytoliths from many regions around the globe, while new understandings have emerged as to how and why plants produce phytoliths. Together, these developments make phytoliths a powerful tool in reconstructing past environments and human uses of plants. In Phytoliths, Dolores Piperno makes sense of the discipline for both those working directly with phytoliths in the field or the lab as well as for those who rely on the results of phytolith studies for their own research. Including over a hundred images, Piperno's book will be of great benefit to archaeologists and paleobotanists in the classroom or the lab.
Author :Elizabeth Jean Reitz Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9780306452529 Total Pages :434 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (525 download)
Book Synopsis Case Studies in Environmental Archaeology by : Elizabeth Jean Reitz
Download or read book Case Studies in Environmental Archaeology written by Elizabeth Jean Reitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains case studies in environmental archaeology that apply data obtained from various disciplines-including zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, human biology, and geoarchaeology-to explore important anthropological issues. Studies include geological and biological data from sites located in North America, the Caribbean basin, and South America. Rather than critiquing or advocating specific environmental techniques, each study demonstrates how and why the information obtained from their use is important to anthropologists and archaeologists.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Management of Soil Organic Matter by : R. M. Rees
Download or read book Sustainable Management of Soil Organic Matter written by R. M. Rees and published by CABI. This book was released on 2000-12-11 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes some fifty edited and revised papers from an international conference on Sustainable Management of Soil Organic Matter, held by the British Society of Soil Science in Edinburgh in September 1999. The book explores the results of recent research studies examining how organic matter functions in soils, factors affecting organic matter quality and quantity and how management of organic matter can be optimised in order to achieve sustainable farming practices.
Book Synopsis The Biochar Solution by : Albert K. Bates
Download or read book The Biochar Solution written by Albert K. Bates and published by New Society Publishers. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the dirt below our feet can save us from extinction. Conventional agriculture destroys our soils, pollutes our water and is a major contributor to climate change. What if our agricultural practices could stabilize, or even reverse these trends? The Biochar Solution explores the dual function of biochar as a carbon-negative energy source and a potent soil-builder. Created by burning biomass in the absence of oxygen, this material has the unique ability to hold carbon back from the atmosphere while simultaneously enhancing soil fertility. Author Albert Bates traces the evolution of this extraordinary substance from the ancient black soils of the Amazon to its reappearance as a modern carbon sequestration strategy. Combining practical techniques for the production and use of biochar with an overview of the development and future of carbon farming, The Biochar Solution describes how a new agricultural revolution can reduce net greenhouse gas emissions to below zero while increasing world food reserves and creating energy from biomass wastes. Biochar and carbon farming can: Reduce fossil fuels inputs into our food system Bring new life to desert landscapes Filter and purify drinking water Help build carbon-negative homes, communities and nations. Biochar is not without dangers if unregulated, and it is not a panacea, but if it fulfills its promise of taking us back from the brink of irreversible climate change, it may well be the most important discovery in human history.
Book Synopsis Amazonian Dark Earths by : Johannes Lehmann
Download or read book Amazonian Dark Earths written by Johannes Lehmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-25 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dark Earths are a testament to vanished civilizations of the Amazon Basin, but may also answer how large societies could sustain intensive agriculture in an environment of infertile soils. This book examines their origin, properties, and management. Questions remain: were they intentionally produced or a by-product of habitation. Additional new and multidisciplinary perspectives by leading experts may pave the way for the next revolution in soil management in the humid tropics.
Book Synopsis Forest, Field, and Fallow by : Antoinette M.G.A. WinklerPrins
Download or read book Forest, Field, and Fallow written by Antoinette M.G.A. WinklerPrins and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume aims to present the essential work of geographer and historical ecologist William M. Denevan to explain the impact and influence his thinking had on the conceptual advancement not only in his own discipline, but in a range of related disciplines such as anthropology, archaeology, and environmental history. The book is organized around eight themes, demonstrating Denevan’s early and profound insights on topics that remain of current relevance today, and the scholarly impact his writing had on subsequent scholarship. The book is unique because it offers commentary from active scholars who address the impacts of Prof. Denevan's thinking and work on contemporary environmental and ecological issues, with a focus on several groundbreaking themes (e.g. historical demography, agricultural landforms, cultural plant geography, human environmental impacts, indigenous agro-ecology, tropical agriculture, livestock and landscape, and synthetic contributions). This book will be of interest to a range of scholars in geography, anthropology, archaeology, history, and ecology, as well as to environmental managers and practitioners, especially those working for non-profit organizations and government organizations tasked with finding ways to adapt to global environmental change.
Book Synopsis The Quijos Chiefdoms by : Andrea M. Cuéllar
Download or read book The Quijos Chiefdoms written by Andrea M. Cuéllar and published by Center for Comparative Arch. This book was released on 2009 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archaeological study of the emergence of the ethnohistorically documented Quijos chiefdoms in the eastern Ecuadorian Andes. This research evaluates links between the emergence of centralized leadership and the organization of agricultural production. The focus is on reconstructing the demographic history of 137 km2 based on a full coverage systematic survey, and on reconstructing patterns of food production and consumption based on analysis of pollen, phytoliths and plant macroremains from the excavation of 31 tests at locations representing different environmental settings and settlement types. The study proposes a sequence starting at about 600 B.C., with the first manifestations of a regional system of centralized authority appearing after about 500 A.D. Neither control of basic resources nor specialized craft production seem to have been important in the social and political dynamics of the emerging Quijos chiefdoms. Complete text in English and Spanish
Book Synopsis Time and Complexity in Historical Ecology by : William L. Balée
Download or read book Time and Complexity in Historical Ecology written by William L. Balée and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important contribution to the emerging field of historical ecology, this volume illuminates the ways in which the landscape reflects human history and culture. The book combines cutting-edge research with new perspectives on the effects of human societies on the neotropical lowlands of South and Central America.
Book Synopsis Amazonian Dark Earths: Explorations in Space and Time by : Bruno Glaser
Download or read book Amazonian Dark Earths: Explorations in Space and Time written by Bruno Glaser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-14 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of South American Archaeology by : Helaine Silverman
Download or read book Handbook of South American Archaeology written by Helaine Silverman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-06 with total page 1172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps the contributions of South American archaeology to the larger field of world archaeology have been inadequately recognized. If so, this is probably because there have been relatively few archaeologists working in South America outside of Peru and recent advances in knowledge in other parts of the continent are only beginning to enter larger archaeological discourse. Many ideas of and about South American archaeology held by scholars from outside the area are going to change irrevocably with the appearance of the present volume. Not only does the Handbook of South American Archaeology (HSAA) provide immense and broad information about ancient South America, the volume also showcases the contributions made by South Americans to social theory. Moreover, one of the merits of this volume is that about half the authors (30) are South Americans, and the bibliographies in their chapters will be especially useful guides to Spanish and Portuguese literature as well as to the latest research. It is inevitable that the HSAA will be compared with the multi-volume Handbook of South American Indians (HSAI), with its detailed descriptions of indigenous peoples of South America, that was organized and edited by Julian Steward. Although there are heroic archaeological essays in the HSAI, by the likes of Junius Bird, Gordon Willey, John Rowe, and John Murra, Steward states frankly in his introduction to Volume Two that “arch- ology is included by way of background” to the ethnographic chapters.
Book Synopsis Amazonian Dark Earths: Wim Sombroek's Vision by : William I. Woods
Download or read book Amazonian Dark Earths: Wim Sombroek's Vision written by William I. Woods and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-16 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amazonian soils are almost universally thought of as extremely forbidding. However, it is now clear that complex societies with large, sedentary populations were present for over a millennium before European contact. Associated with these are tracts of anomalously fertile, dark soils termed ‘terra preta’ or dark earths. These soils are presently an important agricultural resource within Amazonia and provide a model for developing long-term future sustainability of food production in tropical environments. The late Dutch soil scientist Wim Sombroek (1934-2003) was instrumental in bringing the significance of these soils to the attention of the world over four decades ago. Wim saw not only the possibilities of improving the lives of small holders throughout the world with simple carbon based soil technologies, but was an early proponent of the positive synergies also achieved in regards to carbon sequestration and global climatic change abatement. Wim’s vision was to form a multidisciplinary group whose members maintained the ideal of open collaboration toward the attainment of shared goals. Always encouraged and often shaped by Wim, this free association of international scholars termed the “Terra Preta Nova” Group came together in 2001 and has flourished. This effort has been defined by enormous productivity. Wim who is never far from any of our minds and hearts, would have loved to share the great experience of seeing the fruits of his vision as demonstrated in this volume.
Book Synopsis The Emergence of Agriculture by : Peter White
Download or read book The Emergence of Agriculture written by Peter White and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-25 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the first in the One World Archaeology series, is a compendium of key papers by leaders in the field of the emergence of agriculture in different parts of the world. Each is supplemented by a review of developments in the field since its publication. Contributions cover the better known regions of early and independent agricultural development, such as Southwest Asia and the Americas, as well as lesser known locales, such as Africa and New Guinea. Other contributions examine the dispersal of agricultural practices into a region, such as India and Japan, and how introduced crops became incorporated into pre-existing forms of food production. This reader is intended for students of the archaeology of agriculture, and will also prove a valuable and handy resource for scholars and researchers in the area.
Book Synopsis Histories of Maize by : John Staller
Download or read book Histories of Maize written by John Staller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 1129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize has been described as a primary catalyst to complex sociocultural development in the Americas. State of the art research on maize chronology, molecular biology, and stable carbon isotope research on ancient human diets have provided additional lines of evidence on the changing role of maize through time and space and its spread throughout the Americas. The multidisciplinary evidence from the social and biological sciences presented in this volume have generated a much more complex picture of the economic, political, and religious significance of maize. The volume also includes ethnographic research on the uses and roles of maize in indigenous cultures and a linguistic section that includes chapters on indigenous folk taxonomies and the role and meaning of maize to the development of civilization. Histories of Maize is the most comprehensive reference source on the botanical, genetic, archaeological, and anthropological aspects of ancient maize published to date. This book will appeal to a varied audience, and have no titles competiting with it because of its breadth and scope. The volume offers a single source of high quality summary information unavailable elsewhere.
Book Synopsis Cultivated Landscapes of Native Amazonia and the Andes by : William M. Denevan
Download or read book Cultivated Landscapes of Native Amazonia and the Andes written by William M. Denevan and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cultivated Landscapes of Native Amazonia and the Andes examines Indian agriculture in South America. The focus is on field types and field technologies, including agricultural landforms such as terraces, canals, and drained fields, which have persisted for hundreds of years. What emerges is a picture of mostly successful indigenous farming practices in difficult environments--rain forests, savannahs, swamps, rugged mountains, and deserts.
Book Synopsis Islands in the Rainforest by : Stéphen Rostain
Download or read book Islands in the Rainforest written by Stéphen Rostain and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stéphen Rostain’s book is a culmination of 25 years of research on the extensive human modification of the wetlands environment of Guiana and how it reshapes our thinking of ancient settlement in lowland South America and other tropical zones. Rostain demonstrates that populations were capable of developing intensive raised-field agriculture, which supported significant human density, and construct causeways, habitation mounds, canals, and reservoirs to meet their needs. The work is comparative in every sense, drawing on ethnology, ethnohistory, ecology, and geography; contrasting island Guiana with other wetland regions around the world; and examining millennia of pre-Columbian settlement and colonial occupation alike. Rostain’s work demands a radical rethinking of conventional wisdom about settlement in tropical lowlands and landscape management by its inhabitants over the course of millennia.
