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Author : R. Kumar Pandey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Crystal Growth of Novel Electronic Materials written by R. Kumar Pandey and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Roberto Fornari
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing Limited
ISBN 13 : 9780081020968
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (29 download)
Download or read book Single Crystals of Electronic Materials written by Roberto Fornari and published by Woodhead Publishing Limited. This book was released on 2018-09 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single Crystals of Electronic Materials: Growth and Properties is a complete overview of the state of the art growth of bulk semiconductors. It is not only a valuable update of the body of information on crystal growth of well-established electronic materials such as silicon, III-V, II-VI and IV-VI semiconductors, but includes chapters on novel semiconductors including wide bandgap oxides (ZnO Ga2O3, In2O3, Al2O3), nitrides (AIN and GaN) and diamond. Each chapter focuses in-depth on a material, providing a comprehensive overview including: Applications and requirements of the electronic material Thermodynamic properties and definition of usable growth methods Schematics of growth methods for the material Description of up-to-date growth technologies and processes Tailoring of crystal properties via growth parameters Benefits of computer modelling Doping issues and reduction of defect density State-of-the art of the material New trends and future developments
Author : Peter Capper
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470012072
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Bulk Crystal Growth of Electronic, Optical and Optoelectronic Materials written by Peter Capper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-10-31 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A valuable, timely book for the crystal growth community, edited by one of the most respected members in the field. Contents cover all the important materials from silicon through the III-V and II-IV compounds to oxides, nitrides, fluorides, carbides and diamonds International group of contributors from academia and industry provide a balanced treatment Includes global interest with particular relevance to: USA, Canada, UK, France, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, China, Australia and South Africa
Author : Roberto Fornari
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 008102097X
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)
Download or read book Single Crystals of Electronic Materials written by Roberto Fornari and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single Crystals of Electronic Materials: Growth and Properties is a complete overview of the state-of-the-art growth of bulk semiconductors. It is not only a valuable update on the body of information on crystal growth of well-established electronic materials, such as silicon, III-V, II-VI and IV-VI semiconductors, but also includes chapters on novel semiconductors, such as wide bandgap oxides like ZnO, Ga2, O3, In2, O3, Al2, O3, nitrides (AIN and GaN), and diamond. Each chapter focuses on a specific material, providing a comprehensive overview that includes applications and requirements, thermodynamic properties, schematics of growth methods, and more. Presents the latest research and most comprehensive overview of both standard and novel semiconductors Provides a systematic examination of important electronic materials, including their applications, growth methods, properties, technologies and defect and doping issues Takes a close look at emerging materials, including wide bandgap oxides, nitrides and diamond
Author : Hans J. Scheel
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470871679
Total Pages : 694 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)
Download or read book Crystal Growth Technology written by Hans J. Scheel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-12-13 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with the technologies of crystal fabrication, of crystal machining, and of epilayer production and is the first book on industrial and scientific aspects of crystal and layer production. The major industrial crystals are treated: Si, GaAs, GaP, InP, CdTe, sapphire, oxide and halide scintillator crystals, crystals for optical, piezoelectric and microwave applications and more. Contains 29 contributions from leading crystal technologists covering the following topics: * General aspects of crystal growth technology * Silicon * Compound semiconductors * Oxides and halides * Crystal machining * Epitaxy and layer deposition Scientific and technological problems of production and machining of industrial crystals are discussed by top experts, most of them from the major growth industries and crystal growth centers. In addition, it will be useful for the users of crystals, for teachers and graduate students in materials sciences, in electronic and other functional materials, chemical and metallurgical engineering, micro-and optoelectronics including nanotechnology, mechanical engineering and precision-machining, microtechnology, and in solid-state sciences.
Author : Peter Rudolph
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444633065
Total Pages : 1418 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Crystal Growth written by Peter Rudolph and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-11-04 with total page 1418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vol 2A: Basic Technologies Handbook of Crystal Growth, 2nd Edition Volume IIA (Basic Technologies) presents basic growth technologies and modern crystal cutting methods. Particularly, the methodical fundamentals and development of technology in the field of bulk crystallization on both industrial and research scales are explored. After an introductory chapter on the formation of minerals, ruling historically the basic crystal formation parameters, advanced basic technologies from melt, solution, and vapour being applied for research and production of the today most important materials, like silicon, semiconductor compounds and oxides are presented in detail. The interdisciplinary and general importance of crystal growth for human live are illustrated. Vol 2B: Growth Mechanisms and Dynamics Handbook of Crystal Growth, 2nd Edition Volume IIB (Growth Mechanisms and Dynamics) deals with characteristic mechanisms and dynamics accompanying each bulk crystal growth method discussed in Volume IIA. Before the atoms or molecules pass over from a position in the fluid medium (gas, melt or solution) to their place in the crystalline face they must be transported in the fluid over macroscopic distances by diffusion, buoyancy-driven convection, surface-tension-driven convection, and forced convection (rotation, acceleration, vibration, magnetic mixing). Further, the heat of fusion and the part carried by the species on their way to the crystal by conductive and convective transport must be dissipated in the solid phase by well-organized thermal conduction and radiation to maintain a stable propagating interface. Additionally, segregation and capillary phenomena play a decisional role for chemical composition and crystal shaping, respectively. Today, the increase of high-quality crystal yield, its size enlargement and reproducibility are imperative conditions to match the strong economy. Volume 2A Presents the status and future of Czochralski and float zone growth of dislocation-free silicon Examines directional solidification of silicon ingots for photovoltaics, vertical gradient freeze of GaAs, CdTe for HF electronics and IR imaging as well as antiferromagnetic compounds and super alloys for turbine blades Focuses on growth of dielectric and conducting oxide crystals for lasers and non-linear optics Topics on hydrothermal, flux and vapour phase growth of III-nitrides, silicon carbide and diamond are explored Volume 2B Explores capillarity control of the crystal shape at the growth from the melt Highlights modeling of heat and mass transport dynamics Discusses control of convective melt processes by magnetic fields and vibration measures Includes imperative information on the segregation phenomenon and validation of compositional homogeneity Examines crystal defect generation mechanisms and their controllability Illustrates proper automation modes for ensuring constant crystal growth process Exhibits fundamentals of solution growth, gel growth of protein crystals, growth of superconductor materials and mass crystallization for food and pharmaceutical industries
Author : K. Byrappa
Publisher : Allied Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9788177643756
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (437 download)
Download or read book International School on Crystal Growth of Technologically Important Electronic Materials written by K. Byrappa and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Govindhan Dhanaraj
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540747613
Total Pages : 1823 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Crystal Growth written by Govindhan Dhanaraj and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-20 with total page 1823 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the years, many successful attempts have been chapters in this part describe the well-known processes made to describe the art and science of crystal growth, such as Czochralski, Kyropoulos, Bridgman, and o- and many review articles, monographs, symposium v- ing zone, and focus speci cally on recent advances in umes, and handbooks have been published to present improving these methodologies such as application of comprehensive reviews of the advances made in this magnetic elds, orientation of the growth axis, intro- eld. These publications are testament to the grow- duction of a pedestal, and shaped growth. They also ing interest in both bulk and thin- lm crystals because cover a wide range of materials from silicon and III–V of their electronic, optical, mechanical, microstructural, compounds to oxides and uorides. and other properties, and their diverse scienti c and The third part, Part C of the book, focuses on - technological applications. Indeed, most modern ad- lution growth. The various aspects of hydrothermal vances in semiconductor and optical devices would growth are discussed in two chapters, while three other not have been possible without the development of chapters present an overview of the nonlinear and laser many elemental, binary, ternary, and other compound crystals, KTP and KDP. The knowledge on the effect of crystals of varying properties and large sizes. The gravity on solution growth is presented through a c- literature devoted to basic understanding of growth parison of growth on Earth versus in a microgravity mechanisms, defect formation, and growth processes environment.
Author : Ivan V. Markov
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9812382453
Total Pages : 566 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (123 download)
Download or read book Crystal Growth for Beginners written by Ivan V. Markov and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first-ever textbook on the fundamentals of nucleation, crystal growth and epitaxy. It has been written from a unified point of view and is thus a non-eclectic presentation of this interdisciplinary topic in materials science. The reader is required to possess some basic knowledge of mathematics and physics. All formulae and equations are accompanied by examples that are of technological importance. The book presents not only the fundamentals but also the state of the art in the subject. The second revised edition includes two separate chapters dealing with the effect of the Enrich-Schwoebel barrier for down-step diffusion, as well as the effect of surface active species, on the morphology of the growing surfaces. In addition, many other chapters are updated accordingly. Thus, it serves as a valuable reference book for both graduate students and researchers in materials science.
Author : Makoto Tachibana
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 4431565876
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)
Download or read book Beginner’s Guide to Flux Crystal Growth written by Makoto Tachibana and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the principles and techniques of crystal growth by the flux method, which is arguably the most useful way to obtain millimeter- to centimeter-sized single crystals for physical research. As it is possible to find an appropriate solvent (“flux”) for nearly all inorganic materials, the flux method can be applied to the growth of many crystals ranging from transition metal oxides to intermetallic compounds. Both important principles and experimental procedures are described in a clear and accessible manner. Practical advice on various aspects of the experiment, which is not readily available in the literature, will assist the beginning graduate students in setting up the lab and conducting successful crystal growth. The mechanisms of crystal growth at an elementary level are also provided to better understand the techniques and to help in assessing the quality of the crystals. The book also contains many photographs of beautiful crystals with important physical properties of current interest, such as high-temperature superconductors, strongly correlated electronic systems, topological insulators, relaxor ferroelectrics, low-dimensional quantum magnets, non-linear optical materials, and multiferroics.
Author : Dirk Ehrentraut
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642048307
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Technology of Gallium Nitride Crystal Growth written by Dirk Ehrentraut and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the important technological aspects of the growth of GaN single crystals by HVPE, MOCVD, ammonothermal and flux methods for the purpose of free-standing GaN wafer production.
Author : Brian R. Pamplin
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483161463
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)
Download or read book Crystal Growth written by Brian R. Pamplin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-11 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystal Growth, Second Edition deals with crystal growth methods and the relationships between them. The chemical physics of crystal growth is discussed, along with solid growth techniques such as annealing, sintering, and hot pressing; melt growth techniques such as normal freezing, cooled seed method, crystal pulling, and zone melting; solution growth methods; and vapor phase growth. This book is comprised of 15 chapters and opens with a bibliography of books and source material, highlighted by a classification of crystal growth techniques. The following chapters focus on the molecular state of a crystal when in equilibrium with respect to growth or dissolution; the fundamentals of classical and modern hydrodynamics as applied to crystal growth processes; creation, control, and measurement of the environment in which a crystal with desired properties can grow; and growth processes where transport occurs through the vapor phase. The reader is also introduced to crystal growth with molecular beam epitaxy; crystal pulling as a crystal growth method; and zone refining and its applications. This monograph will be of interest to physicists and crystallographers.
Author : Elke Meissner
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030563057
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Ammonothermal Synthesis and Crystal Growth of Nitrides written by Elke Meissner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-07 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a collection of contributed chapters, delivering a comprehensive overview of topics related to the synthesis and crystal growth of nitride compounds under supercritical ammonia conditions. Focusing on key chemical and technological aspects of ammonothermal synthesis and growth of functional nitride compounds, the book also describes many innovative techniques for in-situ observation and presents new data fundamental for materials synthesis under ammonothermal conditions. With its detailed coverage of many thermodynamic and kinetics aspects, which are necessary for understanding and controlling crystal growth, this contributed volume is the ideal companion to materials chemists and engineers at any point in their journey in this rich and exciting field.
Author : Sadik Dost
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080467948
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (679 download)
Download or read book Single Crystal Growth of Semiconductors from Metallic Solutions written by Sadik Dost and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-11-17 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single Crystal Growth of Semiconductors from Metallic Solutions covers the four principal growth techniques currently in use for the growth of semiconductor single crystals from metallic solutions. Providing an in-depth review of the state-of-the-art of each, both experimentally and by numerical simulations. The importance of a close interaction between the numerical and experimental aspects of the processes is also emphasized. Advances in the fields of electronics and opto-electronics are hampered by the limited number of substrate materials which can be readily produced by melt-growth techniques such as the Czochralski and Bridgman methods. This can be alleviated by the use of alternative growth techniques, and in particular, growth from metallic solutions. The principal techniques currently in use are: Liquid Phase Epitaxy; Liquid Phase Electroepitaxy; the Travelling Heater Method, and; Liquid Phase Diffusion. Single Crystal Growth of Semiconductors from Metallic Solutions will serve as a valuable reference tool for researchers, and graduate and senior undergraduate students in the field of crystal growth. It covers most of the models developed in recent years. The detailed development of basic and constitutive equations and the associated interface and boundary conditions given for each technique will be very valuable to researchers for the development of their new models. * Describes the fundamentals of crystal growth modelling * Providing a state-of-the art description of the mathematical and experimental growth processes * Allows reader to gain clear insight into the practical and mathematical aspects of the topic
Author : Klaus-Werner Benz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527684344
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Crystal Growth and Characterization written by Klaus-Werner Benz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-07-28 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new textbook provides for the first time a comprehensive treatment of the basics of contemporary crystallography and crystal growth in a single volume. The reader will be familiarized with the concepts for the description of morphological and structural symmetry of crystals. The architecture of crystal structures of selected inorganic and molecular crystals is illustrated. The main crystallographic databases as data sources of crystal structures are described. Nucleation processes, their kinetics and main growth mechanism will be introduced in fundamentals of crystal growth. Some phase diagrams in the solid and liquid phases in correlation with the segregation of dopants are treated on a macro- and microscale. Fluid dynamic aspects with different types of convection in melts and solutions are discussed. Various growth techniques for semiconducting materials in connection with the use of external field (magnetic fields and microgravity) are described. Crystal characterization as the overall assessment of the grown crystal is treated in detail with respect to - crystal defects - crystal quality - field of application Introduction to Crystal Growth and Characterization is an ideal textbook written in a form readily accessible to undergraduate and graduate students of crystallography, physics, chemistry, materials science and engineering. It is also a valuable resource for all scientists concerned with crystal growth and materials engineering.
Author : Tatau Nishinaga
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780444633033
Total Pages : 755 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Crystal Growth written by Tatau Nishinaga and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : K. Byrappa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540003670
Total Pages : 618 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)
Download or read book Crystal Growth Technology written by K. Byrappa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-04-17 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystals are the unacknowledged pillars of modern technology. The modern technological developments depend greatly on the availability of suitable single crystals, whether it is for lasers, semiconductors, magnetic devices, optical devices, superconductors, telecommunication, etc. In spite of great technological advancements in the recent years, we are still in the early stage with respect to the growth of several important crystals such as diamond, silicon carbide, PZT, gallium nitride, and so on. Unless the science of growing these crystals is understood precisely, it is impossible to grow them as large single crystals to be applied in modern industry. This book deals with almost all the modern crystal growth techniques that have been adopted, including appropriate case studies. Since there has been no other book published to cover the subject after the Handbook of Crystal Growth, Eds. DTJ Hurle, published during 1993-1995, this book will fill the existing gap for its readers. The book begins with "Growth Histories of Mineral Crystals" by the most senior expert in this field, Professor Ichiro Sunagawa. The next chapter reviews recent developments in the theory of crystal growth, which is equally important before moving on to actual techniques. After the first two fundamental chapters, the book covers other topics like the recent progress in quartz growth, diamond growth, silicon carbide single crystals, PZT crystals, nonlinear optical crystals, solid state laser crystals, gemstones, high melting oxides like lithium niobates, hydroxyapatite, GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy, superconducting crystals, morphology control, and more. For the first time, the crystal growth modeling has been discussed in detail with reference to PZT and SiC crystals.
