Critical Reflections on the Language of Neoliberalism in Education

Download Critical Reflections on the Language of Neoliberalism in Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000328740
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Critical Reflections on the Language of Neoliberalism in Education by : Spyros Themelis

Download or read book Critical Reflections on the Language of Neoliberalism in Education written by Spyros Themelis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing the dominance of neoliberal forces in education, this volume offers a range of critical essays which analyze the language used to underpin these dynamics. Combining essays from over 20 internationally renowned contributors, this text offers a critical examination of key terms which have become increasingly central to educational discourse. Each essay considers the etymological foundation of each term, the context in which they have evolved, and likewise their changed meaning. In doing so, these essays illustrate the transformative potential of language to express or challenge political, social, and economic ideologies. The text’s musings on the language of education and its implications for the current and future role of education in society make clear its relevance to today’s cultural and political landscape. This exploratory monograph will be of interest to doctoral students, researchers, and scholars with an interest in the philosophy of education, educational policy and politics, as well as the sociology of education and the impacts of neoliberalism.

Neoliberalism and Education

Download Neoliberalism and Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317294939
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Neoliberalism and Education by : Kalwant Bhopal

Download or read book Neoliberalism and Education written by Kalwant Bhopal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neoliberalism and Education: Rearticulating Social Justice and Inclusion offers a critical reflection on the establishment of neoliberalism as the new global orthodoxy in the field of education, and considers what this means for social justice and inclusion. It brings together writers from a number of countries, who explore notions of inclusion and social justice in educational settings ranging from elementary schools to higher education. Contributors examine policy, practice, and pedagogical considerations covering different dimensions of (in)equality, including disability, race, gender, and class. They raise questions about what social justice and inclusion mean in educational systems that are dominated by competition, benchmarking, and target-driven accountability, and about the new forms of imperialism and colonisation that both drive, and are a product of, market-driven reforms. While exposing the entrenchment, under current neoliberal systems of educational provision, of longstanding patterns of (racialised, classed, and gendered) privilege and disadvantage, the contributions presented in this book also consider the possibilities for hope and resistance, drawing attention to established and successful attempts at democratic education or community organisation across a number of countries. This book was originally published as a special issue of the British Journal of Sociology of Education.

Confronting Educational Policy in Neoliberal Times

Download Confronting Educational Policy in Neoliberal Times PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351369210
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Confronting Educational Policy in Neoliberal Times by : Stephanie Chitpin

Download or read book Confronting Educational Policy in Neoliberal Times written by Stephanie Chitpin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores how educational policy is changing as a result of neoliberal restructuring and how these issues affect educators’ practice. Evidence-based chapters present a sharp analysis of neoliberal education policy while also offering suggestions and recommendations for future action to bring about change consistent with more robust understandings of democracy. Covering issues relating to historical context, philosophical assumptions, policy implementation, accountability, teacher professionalism and standardization, Confronting Educational Policy in Neoliberal Times critically engages the ways micro- and macro- neoliberal politics shapes the purposes and implementation of schooling.

Progressive Neoliberalism in Education

Download Progressive Neoliberalism in Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000632067
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Progressive Neoliberalism in Education by : Ajay Sharma

Download or read book Progressive Neoliberalism in Education written by Ajay Sharma and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-08-15 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume makes the novel contribution of applying Nancy Fraser’s concept of progressive neoliberalism to education in order to illustrate how social justice efforts have been co-opted by neoliberal forces. As well as recognising the lack of consensus surrounding the very nature of Fraser’s concept of progressive neoliberalism, the book delivers a diversity of perspectives and methodological orientations that offer critical and nuanced examination of the diverse ways in which progressive neoliberalism has shaped education in North America. Documenting manifestations of progressive neoliberalism in areas including anti-racist education, teacher education, STEM, and assessment, the volume uses qualitative empirical research and critical discourse analysis to identify emerging tools and strategies to disentangle the progressive aims of education from neoliberal agendas. Offering a rarely nuanced treatment of the phenomenon of neoliberalism, this text will benefit scholars, academics, and students in the fields of education policy and politics, the sociology of education, and the philosophy of education more broadly. Those involved with the theory of education and multicultural education in general will also benefit from this volume.

The Impacts of Neoliberal Discourse and Language in Education

Download The Impacts of Neoliberal Discourse and Language in Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000360636
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Impacts of Neoliberal Discourse and Language in Education by : Mitja Sardoč

Download or read book The Impacts of Neoliberal Discourse and Language in Education written by Mitja Sardoč and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-21 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection combines quantitative content and critical discourse analysis to reveal a shift in the rhetoric used as part of the neoliberal agenda in education. It does so by analysing, uncovering, and commenting on language as a central tool of education. Focussing on vocabulary, metaphors, and slogans used in strategy documents, advertising, policy, and public discourse, the text illustrates how concepts such as justice, opportunity, well-being, talent, and disadvantage have been hijacked by educational institutes, governments, and universities. Showing how neoliberalism has changed discourses about education and educational policy, these chapters trace issues such as anti-intellectualism, commercialization, meritocracy, and an erasure of racial difference back to a contradictory growth in egalitarian rhetoric. Given its global scope, this volume offers a timely intervention in the studies of neoliberalism and education by developing a holistic vision of how the language of neoliberalism has changed how we think about education. It will prove to be an essential resource for scholars and researchers working at the intersections of education, policymaking, and neoliberalism.

Critical Pedagogy and Teacher Education in the Neoliberal Era

Download Critical Pedagogy and Teacher Education in the Neoliberal Era PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402095880
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Critical Pedagogy and Teacher Education in the Neoliberal Era by : Susan L. Groenke

Download or read book Critical Pedagogy and Teacher Education in the Neoliberal Era written by Susan L. Groenke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-30 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Susan L. Groenke and J. Amos Hatch It does not feel safe to be critical in university-based teacher education programs right now, especially if you are junior faculty. In the neoliberal era, critical teacher education research gets less and less funding, and professors can be denied tenure or lose their jobs for speaking out against the status quo. Also, we know that the pedagogies critical teacher educators espouse can get beginning K–12 teachers fired or shuffled around, especially if their students’ test scores are low. This, paired with the resistance many of the future teachers who come through our programs—predominantly White, middle-class, and happy with the current state of affairs—show toward critical pedagogy, makes it seem a whole lot easier, less risky, even smart not to “do” critical pedagogy at all. Why bother? We believe this book shows we have lots of reasons to “bother” with critical pe- gogy in teacher education, as current educational policies and the neoliberal discourses that vie for the identities of our own local contexts increasingly do not have education for the public good in mind. This book shows teacher educators taking risks, seeking out what political theorist James Scott has called the “small openings” for resistance in the contexts that mark teacher education in the early twenty-first century.

Neoliberalism and Public Education Finance Policy in Canada

Download Neoliberalism and Public Education Finance Policy in Canada PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100051711X
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Neoliberalism and Public Education Finance Policy in Canada by : Wendy Poole

Download or read book Neoliberalism and Public Education Finance Policy in Canada written by Wendy Poole and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-28 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses a multi-dimensional conceptual framework to demonstrate how neoliberal forces have been manifested through changes to K–12 public education finance policy in British Columbia, Canada between 2001 and 2015. The text offers in-depth critical policy analysis to illustrate how the public education system has been impacted by the emergence of a hybrid model of public-private funding. By examining the impacts of this neoliberalized model, in which school districts must compete for public funding and engage in for-profit activities, the book highlights emerging financial inequalities; exacerbated inequities for students; increased entrepreneurialism; closer alignment of administrators’ subjectivities with a managerial approach to educational leadership; and an illusion of local autonomy. Ultimately, the text makes powerful contributions by calling attention to detrimental processes of neoliberalization, marketization, and privatization within public education, as well as the managerialization of educational leadership. This text will benefit researchers, academics, educators, and educational leaders with an interest in the politics of education policy and finance, school district leadership, international and comparative education, and the sociology of education.

Social Haunting, Education, and the Working Class

Download Social Haunting, Education, and the Working Class PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000405389
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Social Haunting, Education, and the Working Class by : Kat Simpson

Download or read book Social Haunting, Education, and the Working Class written by Kat Simpson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a critical Marxist ethnography, conducted at a state primary school in a former coalmining community in the north of England, this book provides insight into teachers’ perceptions of the effects of deindustrialisation on education for the working class. The book draws on the notion of social haunting to help understand the complex ways in which historical relations and performances, reflective of the community’s industrial past, continue to shape experiences and processes of schooling. The arguments presented enable us to engage with the ‘goodness’ of the past as well as the pain and suffering associated with deindustrialisation. This, it is argued, enables teachers and pupils to engage with rhythms, relations, and performances that recognise the heritage and complexities of working-class culture. Reckoning and harnessing with the fullness of ghosts is essential if schooling is to be refashioned in more encouraging and relational ways, with and for the working class. This text will benefit researchers, academics, and educators with an interest in the sociology of education, and social class and education in particular. Those interested in schooling, ethnography, and qualitative social research will also benefit from the book

State Schooling and the Reproduction of Social Inequalities

Download State Schooling and the Reproduction of Social Inequalities PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000817075
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis State Schooling and the Reproduction of Social Inequalities by : Sharon Jones

Download or read book State Schooling and the Reproduction of Social Inequalities written by Sharon Jones and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book critically explores the role of state schooling in the reproduction of social class inequalities in the UK. By uniquely combining critical ethnographic methods with participatory and visual research, it foregrounds the experiences and recollections of working class adults in relation to their past schooling. Drawing upon her own lived experiences, Jones theorises the experiences of her participants using an analysis of Marxist, Bourdieusian and Freirean frameworks to uncover relations of power and illustrate how schooling has reduced individual agency and sustained lived inequalities. By creating space for a Visual Intervention within Critical Ethnography (VICE) alongside her analysis of class and society, Jones successfully illuminates that working class struggles are not permanent, and that agency can be activated. The book also addresses an important need by centring research from the lived educational experiences of the working class, and, in particular, working class adults. Making a unique theoretical and methodological contribution using an innovative combined methodology approach, the text ultimately highlights the potential of empowering disadvantaged individuals by raising critical consciousness. Though it is focused on the experiences of adults, this book has important understandings for all sectors of education and will be of interest to academics, researchers and students interested in the sociology of education, research methods in education, social inequality, social class and education politics.

The Emergence of Postfeminist Identities in Higher Education

Download The Emergence of Postfeminist Identities in Higher Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000386147
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Emergence of Postfeminist Identities in Higher Education by : Eleftheria Atta

Download or read book The Emergence of Postfeminist Identities in Higher Education written by Eleftheria Atta and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-16 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By drawing on qualitative research conducted in universities in Cyprus, this book presents an account of life in the academy from a feminist perspective. In doing so, the texts uncover new gendered identities emerging as a result of neoliberal and postfeminist discourses in Higher Education. Adopting a psychosocial lens, and drawing on theories of affect and performativity, this volume explains academics’ responses to growing levels of stress, anxiety, precarity and competition in their professional environment. Chapters offer rich observation of how academic staff and faculty negotiate aspects of femininity and masculinity within the academy, and so highlights the performance of ‘gendered academic subjectivities’ as a way in which academics deal with increasing pressures and anxiety. Ultimately proposing a typography of emergent, affective identities including industry academics, fossilised, family and wannabe academics, the volume yields important insights into the current workings of Higher Education and shows the personal and professional impacts of neoliberal dynamics. This volume will prove to be a useful resource for researchers and high-level scholars in the fields of education, sociology of education and gender studies. More generally, scholars and academics with an interest in the changing face of contemporary Higher Education will find this book informative.

Artificial Intelligence in the Capitalist University

Download Artificial Intelligence in the Capitalist University PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000471497
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence in the Capitalist University by : John Preston

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence in the Capitalist University written by John Preston and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-10-31 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using Marxist critique, this book explores manifestations of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Higher Education and demonstrates how it contributes to the functioning and existence of the capitalist university. Challenging the idea that AI is a break from previous capitalist technologies, the book offers nuanced examination of the impacts of AI on the control and regulation of academic work and labour, on digital learning and remote teaching, and on the value of learning and knowledge. Applying a Marxist perspective, Preston argues that commodity fetishism, surveillance, and increasing productivity ushered in by the growth of AI, further alienates and exploits academic labour and commodifies learning and research. The text puts forward a solid theoretical framework and methodology for thinking about AI to inform critical and revolutionary pedagogies. Offering an impactful and timely analysis, this book provides a critical engagement and application of key Marxist concepts in the study of AI’s role in Higher Education. It will be of interest to those working or researching in Higher Education.

The Lives of Working Class Academics

Download The Lives of Working Class Academics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1801170592
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Lives of Working Class Academics by : Iona Burnell Reilly

Download or read book The Lives of Working Class Academics written by Iona Burnell Reilly and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2022-12-12 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of autoethnographies written by academics who self-define as being from a working class heritage. Each one is an account of their lives, their experiences, and their journeys into becoming a higher education professional, in an industry still steeped in elitism.

The Educational Philosophy of Luis Emilio Recabarren

Download The Educational Philosophy of Luis Emilio Recabarren PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000296032
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Educational Philosophy of Luis Emilio Recabarren by : María Alicia Rueda

Download or read book The Educational Philosophy of Luis Emilio Recabarren written by María Alicia Rueda and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text offers a unique philosophical and historical inquiry into the educational vision of Luis Emilio Recabarren, and his pivotal role in securing independent education for Chile’s working classes in the early 20th century. Through close analysis of the textual archives and press writings, The Educational Philosophy of Luis Emilio Recabarren offers comprehensive insight into Recabarren’s belief in education as essential to the empowerment, emancipation, and political independence of the working class, and emphasises the importance he placed on the education of workers through experiential learning in their organizations and press. By situating his work amongst broader political and educational movements occurring in Latin America in an era of imperialism, the text also demonstrates the progressive nature of Recabarren’s work and maps the development of his philosophy amid Socialist, Marxist, and Communist movements. Making an important contribution to our understanding of the aims and value of adult education in light of neoliberalism today, this text will be of interest to scholars, researchers, activists, and post-graduate students with an interest in education, social movements, and Latin America. The text also addresses key issues raised in studies of Recabarren and the history of education in Chile.

The Routledge Handbook of Language and Youth Culture

Download The Routledge Handbook of Language and Youth Culture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003811833
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Language and Youth Culture by : Bente A. Svendsen

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Language and Youth Culture written by Bente A. Svendsen and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-15 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Language and Youth Culture offers the first essential grounding of critical youth studies within sociolinguistic research. Young people are often seen to be at the frontline of linguistic creativity and pioneering communicative technologies. Their linguistic practices are considered a primary means of exploring linguistic change as well as the role of language in social life, such as how language and identity, ideology and power intersect. Bringing together leading and cutting-edge perspectives from thought leaders across the globe, this handbook: • addresses how young people’s cultural practices, as well as forces like class, gender, ethnicity and race, influence language • considers emotions, affect, age and ageism, materiality, embodiment and the political youth, as well as processes of unmooring language and place • critically reflects on our understandings of terms such as ‘language’, ‘youth’ and ‘culture’, drawing on insights from youth studies to help contextualise age within power dynamics • features examples from a wide range of linguistic contexts such as social media and the classroom, as well as expressions such as graffiti, gestures and different musical genres including grime and hip-hop. Providing important insights into how young people think, feel, act, and communicate in the complexity of a polarised world, The Routledge Handbook of Language and Youth Culture is an invaluable resource for advanced students and researchers in disciplines including sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, multilingualism, youth studies and sociology.

Innovation in Teacher Professional Learning in Europe

Download Innovation in Teacher Professional Learning in Europe PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000962660
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Innovation in Teacher Professional Learning in Europe by : Ken Jones

Download or read book Innovation in Teacher Professional Learning in Europe written by Ken Jones and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-09-22 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents critical perspectives on teacher professional learning and professional development as interpreted in 14 countries across Europe. Bringing together experts from across Europe, the book fulfils a need for a better understanding of the changing nature of teacher professional learning in national policy contexts and of the cultural differences existing between various systems. It discusses the new thinking that has emerged in the field of teacher education alongside new models that reflect the changing patterns and policies relating to the ways educational professionals maintain and enhance professional practice. The book highlights that new models of teacher leadership and practitioner inquiry have a strong focus on pedagogy and social justice. It also examines briefly the challenges brought about by the Covid pandemic and the ways in which new approaches to professional learning, specifically the use of new technologies, have begun to transform practice in some countries in Europe. The book gives insights into the ways in which professional learning policy is interpreted and applied in practice. It will be highly relevant for researchers and post-graduate students in the fields of teacher professional learning and development, school leadership, comparative education and educational policy and planning.

Racism and the Tory Party

Download Racism and the Tory Party PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000823113
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Racism and the Tory Party by : Mike Cole

Download or read book Racism and the Tory Party written by Mike Cole and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racism is an endemic feature of the Tory Party. Tracing the history of that racism, Racism and the Tory Party investigates the changing forms of racism in the party from the days of Empire, including the championing of imperialism at the turn of the 20th century and the ramping up of antisemitism, the imperial and ‘racial’ politics of Winston Churchill, the rise of Enoch Powell and Powellism, to the Margaret Thatcher years, the birth of ‘racecraft’ and her polices in Northern Ireland, and the hostile environment and its consolidation and expansion under Theresa May and Boris Johnson’s premierships. Throughout the book, all forms of racism are addressed including the various forms of colour-coded and as well as non-colour-coded racism as they are put in their historical and economic contexts. This book should be of relevance to all interested in British politics and British history, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students studying the sociology and politics of racism, as well as for students of the history of the development of British racism and of imperialism and its aftermath.

World Yearbook of Education 2022

Download World Yearbook of Education 2022 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000484181
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis World Yearbook of Education 2022 by : Daniel Tröhler

Download or read book World Yearbook of Education 2022 written by Daniel Tröhler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-29 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest volume in the World Yearbook of Education Series explores the relationship between education and the globally prevalent principle of nationalism. This book identifies the diverse ways in which educational policies, discourses, curricula and pedagogy embed and promote the concept of "the nation" both historically and in the age of globalization. By challenging accounts owed to the discourse of "globalization" which conceal the presence of national epistemologies and interests in education, this book offers important insights into the role of education in making nationalism one of the most enduring and yet easily obscured forces of our time. Organized into four sections, this book looks at the following main issues: Historical (re)production of the nation considers how countries consider and reproduce their national identity and how this is built on their history Hegemonic aspirations and interventions examines how instruction technologies developed during the Cold War have been propagated and disseminated around the world, how the development of educational policy based on the human capital theory emerged, and analyzes the extent to which tech companies are intent on establishing an imperial order of learning Imperial policies and resurgences of nationalisms explores how global or imperial policies have been indulged in different parts of the world and how new forms of nationalism have been emerging Paradoxes, inconsistencies, and a self-reflection focuses on nations acting imperially as sites of domestic injustices, addresses unresolved paradoxes between the global and the national and includes a historically informed critical review of the World Yearbooks of Education Bringing together the voices of researchers from around the globe, The World Yearbook of Education 2022 is ideal reading for anyone interested in learning how nationalism has affected the expansion of education systems and how its imperial aspirations are currently affecting education policy and practice. Chapter 5 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.