Crafting Civilian Control Of The Military In Venezuela

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Crafting Civilian Control of the Military in Venezuela

Author : Harold A. Trinkunas
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 9780807877036
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Crafting Civilian Control of the Military in Venezuela by : Harold A. Trinkunas

Download or read book Crafting Civilian Control of the Military in Venezuela written by Harold A. Trinkunas and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2011-01-20 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike most other emerging South American democracies, Venezuela has not succumbed to a successful military coup d'etat during four decades of democratic rule. What drives armed forces to follow the orders of elected leaders? And how do emerging democracies gain that control over their military establishments? Harold Trinkunas answers these questions in an examination of Venezuela's transition to democracy following military rule and its attempts to institutionalize civilian control of the military over the past sixty years, a period that included three regime changes. Trinkunas first focuses on the strategic choices democratizers make about the military and how these affect the internal civil-military balance of power in a new regime. He then analyzes a regime's capacity to institutionalize civilian control, looking specifically at Venezuela's failures and successes in this arena during three periods of intense change: the October revolution (1945-48), the Pact of Punto Fijo period (1958-98), and the Fifth Republic under President Hugo Chavez (1998 to the present). Placing Venezuela in comparative perspective with Argentina, Chile, and Spain, Trinkunas identifies the bureaucratic mechanisms democracies need in order to sustain civilian authority over the armed forces.

The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations

Author : Florina Cristiana Matei
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000471551
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations by : Florina Cristiana Matei

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations written by Florina Cristiana Matei and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-11-01 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations offers a wide-ranging, internationally focused overview of the field of civil-military relations. The armed forces are central actors in most societies and are involved in many different roles. Amongst other activities, they engage in peace operations, support the police in fighting crime, support civilian authorities in dealing with natural disasters, and fight against terrorists and in internal conflicts. The existing literature on this subject is limited in its discussion of warfighting and thus does not do justice to the variety of roles. This second edition not only fills this important lacuna but offers an up-to-date comparative analysis and provides a conceptual framework to analyze how strategies can realistically be implemented. Amalgamating ideas from key thinkers in the field, the book is organized into three main thematic parts: Part I: Civil-Military Relations in Non-Democratic States and Illiberal Democracies; Part II: Civil-Military Relations in New Democracies; Part III: Civil-Military Relations in Established Democracies. This handbook will be essential reading for students and practitioners in the fields of civil-military relations, defense studies, war and conflict studies, international security, and IR in general.

Democratization and Civilian Control in Asia

Author : A. Croissant
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137319275
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Democratization and Civilian Control in Asia by : A. Croissant

Download or read book Democratization and Civilian Control in Asia written by A. Croissant and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-04 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can civilians in newly democratized countries ensure their control over the military? While establishing civilian control of the military is a necessary condition for a functioning democracy, it requires prudent strategic action on the part of the decision-makers to remove the military from positions of power and make it follow their orders.

The Routledge Handbook of Civil-military Relations

Author : Thomas C. Bruneau
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415782732
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Civil-military Relations by : Thomas C. Bruneau

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Civil-military Relations written by Thomas C. Bruneau and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations not only fills this important lacuna, but offers an up-to-date comparative analysis which identifies three essential components in civil-military relations: (1) democratic civilian control; (2) operational effectiveness; and (3) the efficiency of the security institutions. This Handbook will be essential reading for students and practitioners in the fields of civil-military relations.

Soldiers, Politicians, and Civilians

Author : David Pion-Berlin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108364179
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis Soldiers, Politicians, and Civilians by : David Pion-Berlin

Download or read book Soldiers, Politicians, and Civilians written by David Pion-Berlin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-29 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are interactions between soldiers, politicians, and civilians improving? Every nation has to come to grips with achieving a more enduring harmony between government, the armed forces, and society if it aspires to strengthen its democracy. While there is an abundance of studies on civil-military affairs, few examine all three of these actors, let alone establish any standards with which to assess whether progress is being made. This ambitious book devises a novel framework equipped with six dimensions, each of which opens a unique window into civil-military affairs, and which form a more integrated view of the subject. Those dimensions are accompanied by a set of benchmarks and metrics that assess progress and compare one country against another. The framework is applied to case studies of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay, with the conviction that insights could be gleaned that may be relevant elsewhere. Ultimately, by unpacking the civil-military relation into its various dimensions, this study has shed light on what it takes to transform what was once a politically-minded military into an organization dedicated to serving a democratic state and society.

The Military’s Impact on Democratic Development

Author : David Kuehn
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351048759
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis The Military’s Impact on Democratic Development by : David Kuehn

Download or read book The Military’s Impact on Democratic Development written by David Kuehn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the decline in the number of military coups since the 1960s and 1970s, Militaries continue to be crucial political actors in many world regions. Their impact on the democratic development of nations, however, has been mixed. On the one hand, coups against democratically elected leaders in Mali (2012), Egypt (2013), and Thailand (2014) have spelled doom for these countries’ nascent democratic regimes and have ushered in new periods of military dominance in politics. The cases of Portugal (1974), the Philippines (1986), and Tunisia (2011), on the other hand, show that the military’s decision not to defend authoritarian leaders against mass protests contributed crucially to the fall of dictatorships and facilitated transitions to democracy. This volume addresses the military’s ambivalent role as "midwife" or "gravedigger" of democracy and highlights the often multi-layered and complex relationship between militaries’ political behaviour and democratization. The chapters were originally published in a special issue of Democratization.

Civil-Military Relations in Post-Conflict Societies

Author : Orlando J. Pérez
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317806794
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil-Military Relations in Post-Conflict Societies by : Orlando J. Pérez

Download or read book Civil-Military Relations in Post-Conflict Societies written by Orlando J. Pérez and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-10 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Honduras are four Spanish speaking countries in Central America that possess uniformed military institutions. These four countries represent different approaches to reforms of civil-military relations, and embody varying degrees of success in both institutional democratization and the managing of security forces. In this book, Orlando J. Pérez expertly examines the competing theories of civil-military relations in Central America to advance our understanding of the origins, consequences and persistence of militarism in Latin America. Divided into four parts, Pérez begins by proposing a theoretical framework for analyzing civil-military relations, including an analysis of how U.S. foreign and military policy affects the establishment of stable civilian supremacy over the armed forces. Part Two examines the institutional and legal structures under which civil-military relations are carried out revealing in Part Three the reorientation of the missions and roles performed by the armed forces in each country. The concluding part analyzes the role beliefs of members of the military and public opinion about the armed forces in relation to other institutions. Combining both qualitative and quantitative data, Pérez bridges the gap between structural and cultural analyses for a more comprehensive understanding of the links between micro and macro level factors that influence civil-military relations and democratic governance.

Governing the military

Author : Carlos Solar
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 1526161834
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Governing the military by : Carlos Solar

Download or read book Governing the military written by Carlos Solar and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2024-04-16 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governing the military combines the study of governance, democratisation, and policymaking to explore how military politics have unfolded since the return to democracy in Chile. The book offers timely research to understand the rocky road to overcome the civil-military tension of the 1990s and the challenges presented by novel security demands in the twenty-first century, including the militarisation of urban crime and pandemics, and its consequences on human rights. The book will also introduce the reader to failed policies, lack of attention to governance, and decaying democratic practices. The volume examines eight themes considered fundamental to understand the modern governance of the armed forces: the state of civil-military relations, political transition and military subordination, roles and missions, military effectiveness, fiscal spending, inter-agency challenges, international engagements, and transparency and corruption.

Research Handbook on Civil–Military Relations

Author : Aurel Croissant
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1800889844
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Handbook on Civil–Military Relations by : Aurel Croissant

Download or read book Research Handbook on Civil–Military Relations written by Aurel Croissant and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2024-04-12 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together leading scholars from across the world, this comprehensive Research Handbook analyses key problems, subjects, regions, and countries in civil-military relations. Showcasing cutting-edge research developments, it illustrates the deeply complex nature of the field and analyses important topics in need of renewed consideration.

Routes to Reform

Author : David Kuehn
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192525026
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Routes to Reform by : David Kuehn

Download or read book Routes to Reform written by David Kuehn and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the conditions under which new democracies succeed or fail in establishing firm and lasting civilian control of the military. David Kuehn and Aurel Croissant introduce a multi-dimensional conceptual framework to evaluate the degree of civilian control in new democracies and to trace developments over time. The theory of civilian control in new democracies that they propose integrates rationalist, structuralist, and institutionalist arguments into a coherent model to explain when, how, and through which causal mechanism new democracies succeed or fail in establishing and sustaining civilian control over the military. This theory is tested on an original dataset on civilian control over the military in 66 countries that have made the transition from authoritarian to democratic rule at least once in the period from 1974 to 2010. The study traces the effects of different degrees of civilian control on the survival and democratic quality of third wave democracies, combining large-N statistical analyses with detailed case study narratives of several countries. The book establishes a comprehensive understanding of the conditions and processes under which third wave democracies succeeded or failed in establishing firm and lasting civilian control of the military-and its consequences for the survival and quality of the new democratic structures, processes, and practices.

Debating Civil-Military Relations in Latin America

Author : David R Mares
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1782841210
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (828 download)

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Book Synopsis Debating Civil-Military Relations in Latin America by : David R Mares

Download or read book Debating Civil-Military Relations in Latin America written by David R Mares and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of civil-military relations in Latin America produced a rich debate and research agenda prior to 2000. But this agenda was largely abandoned during the past decade as the spectre of military dictatorship has virtually disappeared, with the political role of the military in many countries dramatically diminished. Indeed, in no country that has initiated a process of holding the military accountable to civilian control has the military openly rebelled. Yet, the institutions and public attitudes that guarantee democratic civilian control of the military exist in a general context of political polarisation, citizen insecurity and in many countries a sense of developing ungovernability. The military coup in Honduras (2009), the military response to the police rebellion in Ecuador (2010), and the speculation concerning the Venezuelan military's behaviour in the event that Hugo Chavez is incapacitated or dies (2013), demonstrates the relevance and importance of the civil-military relationship today. In this volume leading scholars from Latin America, the U.S. and Spain debate the ability of contemporary Latin American civil-military relationships to weather these challenges. The authors examine new types of regimes (the rise of participatory democracy), new political orientations (the renaissance of the Left in Latin America), and new missions for the military. Debate centres on the indicators to evaluate the level of consolidation of civilian control, the manner in which these indicators are measured, and the empirical ambiguities that arise. These challenges must be confronted in order to effectively address the question of how much progress has been made in the region in subordinating the military to civilian control, which countries are lagging behind, and why. Published in association with CILAS, University of California, San Diego.

Endgames

Author : Hicham Bou Nassif
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108896782
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Endgames by : Hicham Bou Nassif

Download or read book Endgames written by Hicham Bou Nassif and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2011 Arab Spring is the story of what happens when autocrats prepare their militaries to thwart coups but unexpectedly face massive popular uprisings instead. When demonstrators took to the streets in 2011, some militaries remained loyal to the autocratic regimes, some defected, whilst others splintered. The widespread consequences of this military agency ranged from facilitating transition to democracy, to reconfiguring authoritarianism, or triggering civil war. This study aims to explain the military politics of 2011. Building on interviews with Arab officers, extensive fieldwork and archival research, as well as hundreds of memoirs published by Arab officers, Hicham Bou Nassif shows how divergent combinations of coup-proofing tactics accounted for different patterns of military behaviour in 2011, both in Egypt and Syria, and across Tunisia, and Libya.

Energy Security and Global Politics

Author : Daniel Moran
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134002009
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Security and Global Politics by : Daniel Moran

Download or read book Energy Security and Global Politics written by Daniel Moran and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-07-17 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the strategic dimensions of energy security, particularly where energy resources have become the object of military competition. The volume explores the risks that may arise from conditions of increasing economic competition and resource scarcity, and the problems that may follow if major producers or consumers of energy lose confidence in the equity and efficiency of the market, and resort instead to the use of force to secure access to energy. It surveys the strategic outlook of both producer and consumer states, with emphasis on nations or regions (Central Asia, Russia, China, Venezuela, the Persian Gulf) where unstable or rapidly evolving political conditions may undermine the currently prevailing market consensus. It also examines the role of the United States as the chief guarantor of the global economy, and the challenge this poses for its exercise of military power. The book contests that while the global energy market may be largely self-regulating, it is not self-defending. A failure to consider how it can be most effectively defended from emerging and potential challenges merely heightens the risk that those challenges may someday become real.

Resource Nationalism and Energy Policy

Author : David R. Mares
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231554796
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Resource Nationalism and Energy Policy by : David R. Mares

Download or read book Resource Nationalism and Energy Policy written by David R. Mares and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2022-10-04 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely thought that state ownership of natural resources, oil and natural gas in particular, causes countries to fall under the sway of the “resource curse.” In such cases, governments allegedly display “resource nationalism,” which destabilizes the economy, society, and politics. In this book, David R. Mares dispels these beliefs and develops a powerful new account of the relationship between state resource ownership and energy policy. Mares examines variations in energy policy across a wide range of countries, underscoring the fact that in most of the world outside the United States, subsoil natural resources are owned by the state. He considers the history of Latin American oil and gas policies and provides an in-depth analysis of Venezuela from 1989 to 2016—before, during, and after the presidency of Hugo Chávez. Mares demonstrates that the key factors that influence energy policy are the inclusiveness of the political system, the level of competitiveness within policy making, and the characteristics of individual leaders. Domestic politics, not state ownership, determines the effectiveness and efficiency of energy policies: the “resource curse” is avoidable. Drawing on these findings, Mares reconceptualizes resource nationalism, arguing that government intervention into resource extraction is legitimate as long as the benefits are shared through the provision of public goods. Featuring a sophisticated grasp of both Latin American politics and energy policy, this book sheds new light on why some governments are responsible stewards of natural resources while others appropriate national wealth for partisan or private benefit.

Routledge Handbook of Comparative Political Institutions

Author : Jennifer Gandhi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317551796
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Comparative Political Institutions by : Jennifer Gandhi

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Comparative Political Institutions written by Jennifer Gandhi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-10 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Comparative Political Institutions (HCPI) is designed to serve as a comprehensive reference guide to our accumulated knowledge and the cutting edge of scholarship about political institutions in the comparative context. It differs from existing handbooks in that it focuses squarely on institutions but also discusses how they intersect with the study of mass behaviour and explain important outcomes, drawing on the perspective of comparative politics. The Handbook is organized into three sections: The first section, consisting of six chapters, is organized around broad theoretical and empirical challenges affecting the study of institutions. It highlights the major issues that emerge among scholars defining, measuring, and analyzing institutions. The second section includes fifteen chapters, each of which handles a different substantive institution of importance in comparative politics. This section covers traditional topics, such as electoral rules and federalism, as well as less conventional but equally important areas, including authoritarian institutions, labor market institutions, and the military. Each chapter not only provides a summary of our current state of knowledge on the topic, but also advances claims that emphasise the research frontier on the topic and that should encourage greater investigation. The final section, encompassing seven chapters, examines the relationship between institutions and a variety of important outcomes, such as political violence, economic performance, and voting behavior. The idea is to consider what features of the political, sociological, and economic world we understand better because of the scholarly attention to institutions. Featuring contributions from leading researchers in the field from the US, UK, Europe and elsewhere, this Handbook will be of great interest to all students and scholars of political institutions, political behaviour and comparative politics. Jennifer Gandhi is Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Emory University. Rubén Ruiz-Rufino is Lecturer in International Politics, Department of Political Economy, King’s College London.

Civil-Military Relations in Latin America

Author : David Pion-Berlin
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807875295
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil-Military Relations in Latin America by : David Pion-Berlin

Download or read book Civil-Military Relations in Latin America written by David Pion-Berlin and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2003-01-14 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The armed forces may no longer rule nations throughout Latin America, but they continue to influence democratic governments across the region. In nine original, thought-provoking essays, this book offers fresh theoretical insights into the dilemmas facing Latin American politicians as they struggle to gain full control over their military institutions. Latin America has changed in profound ways since the end of the Cold War, the re-emergence of democracy, and the ascendancy of free-market economies and trade blocs. The contributors to this volume recognize the necessity of finding intellectual approaches that speak to these transformations. They utilize a wide range of contemporary models to analyze recent political and economic reform in nations throughout Latin America, presenting case studies on Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, and Venezuela. Bridging the gap between Latin American studies and political science, these essays not only explore the forces that shape civil-military relations in Latin America but also address larger questions of political development and democratization in the region. The contributors are Felipe Aguero, J. Samuel Fitch, Wendy Hunter, Ernesto Lopez, Brian Loveman, David R. Mares, Deborah L. Norden, David Pion-Berlin, and Harold A. Trinkunas. Latin American Studies/Political Science

Historical Dictionary of Modern Coups d'état

Author : John J. Chin
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538120682
Total Pages : 1501 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Modern Coups d'état by : John J. Chin

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Modern Coups d'état written by John J. Chin and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-12-13 with total page 1501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “For readers interested in international relations, politics, and global issues.” -Library Journal, Starred Review The Historical Dictionary of Modern Coups d’état surveys the history of coups d’état in the post-World War II period. The term “modern” in the title therefore demarcates the period since January 1946. This book documents over 582 coup attempts that have occurred in 108 different countries worldwide over a period of 75 years. Historical Dictionary of Modern Coups d'état contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has more than 1,400 cross-referenced dictionary entries. This book is an excellent resource for students, and researchers.