Corrosion En Eau Supercitrique

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Corrosion en eau supercitrique

Author : Mickaël Payet
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Corrosion en eau supercitrique by : Mickaël Payet

Download or read book Corrosion en eau supercitrique written by Mickaël Payet and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'eau supercritique peut être utilisée comme caloporteur à haute pression pour améliorer le rendement des centrales électriques. Pour un concept de réacteur nucléaire, la durée de vie des matériaux est un paramètre important en termes de sécurité. Par conséquent, les critères de sélection des matériaux pour un concept de réacteur à l'eau supercritique concernent les propriétés mécaniques à haute température pour une bonne tenue au fluage et à l'irradiation mais également une résistance à la corrosion généralisée et à la corrosion sous contrainte. Ce travail à pour objectif d'améliorer la compréhension des mécanismes de corrosion en eau supercritique à 600°C et 25 MPa pour des alliages c.f.c contenant du fer, du nickel et du chrome. Des essais de corrosion ont été réalisés sur des autoclaves échantillons d'alliages 316L et 690 en prenant en compte l'état de surface. Les couches d'oxydes formées ont été décrites en termes de morphologie, de composition et de structure, après caractérisations par microscopie électronique à balayage, par spectroscopie à décharge luminescente et par diffraction des rayons X. Si un comportement de type gazeux de l'eau supercritique est attendu dans les conditions d'essai, les résultats montrent une dissolution significative de certains éléments de l'alliage. Par conséquent, la corrosion en eau supercritique peut être considérée comme similaire à la corrosion aqueuse avec un effet de la température qui peut influencer la diffusion en phase solide par exemple. Pour l'alliage 690, la couche d'oxyde protectrice formée sur une surface polie est composée de chromine et surmontée d'un chromite ou d'un spinelle mixte de nickel et de fer. La double couche d'oxyde formée sur une surface de même finition pour l'alliage 316L semble moins protectrice. La couche externe de magnétite est poreuse et la couche interne riche en chrome est non homogène. Pour chaque alliage, l'étude des mécanismes de diffusion, grâce à des expériences utilisant des marqueurs ou des traceurs, révèle une croissance de la couche d'oxyde contrôlée par un processus anionique. Cependant, l'état de surface influence fortement les mécanismes de formation des couches d'oxyde. La comparaison des résultats sur l'acier suggère qu'il y a une concurrence entre l'oxydation du fer et celle du chrome. Une quantité suffisante de chrome est nécessaire pour former une fine couche d'oxyde protectrice. Les surfaces très déformées ou à microstructure à grains très fins conduisent à des fines couches d'oxyde de chrome, grâce à une forte densité de site de germination ou grâce aux courts-circuits de diffusion du chrome. L'état de surface est donc déterminant pour l'acier mais le même paramètre engendre des effets différents pour l'alliage à base de nickel. Les surfaces usinées deviennent sensibles à une oxydation interne du chrome, même si une fine couche d'oxyde continue et riche en chrome et manganèse se forme. Ce phénomène suggère une diffusion accélérée concurrentielle entre l'oxygène et le chrome. Pour conclure, ce travail propose un mécanisme de croissance de la couche d'oxyde dans chaque cas et discute des conditions favorables à la formation d'une couche d'oxyde protectrice riche en chrome dans l'optique d'une application au réacteur à eau supercritique.

Materials and Water Chemistry for Supercritical Water-cooled Reactors

Author : David Guzonas
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0081020503
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials and Water Chemistry for Supercritical Water-cooled Reactors by : David Guzonas

Download or read book Materials and Water Chemistry for Supercritical Water-cooled Reactors written by David Guzonas and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials and Water Chemistry for Supercritical Water-cooled Reactors is unique in that it brings together materials and water chemistry, their interrelationship, the historical perspective and their application to SCWR conceptual design. Written by world’s leading experts, all active in the area of materials and chemistry R&D in support of GEN IV SCWR, this book presents for the first time a comprehensive reference on these topics, and in particular, how these data relate to the SCWR design itself. This book is an essential text for researchers in the areas of supercritical water-cooled reactor materials and chemistry, working in industry or academia. It will also give newcomers to the field a survey of all of the available literature and a clear understanding of how these studies relate to the design of the SCWR concept. The material presented is at a specialist’s level in materials or corrosion science, or in water chemistry of power plants. Provides comprehensive coverage of the chemistry and materials of SCWR Presents the latest research and results condensed into one book Covers the differences in use of SCW in nuclear reactors and fossil plants, and the resulting differences in materials requirements

Supercritical Water Processing Technologies for Environment, Energy and Nanomaterial Applications

Author : Shuzhong Wang
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811393265
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Supercritical Water Processing Technologies for Environment, Energy and Nanomaterial Applications by : Shuzhong Wang

Download or read book Supercritical Water Processing Technologies for Environment, Energy and Nanomaterial Applications written by Shuzhong Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-18 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically presents the technical aspects of supercritical water oxidation and supercritical water gasification for energy and environmental applications, which include reactor design, construction materials, corrosion, salt precipitation, etc. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the properties of supercritical water, and the industrial applications, reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetics of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and supercritical water gasification (SCWG). The reactions occurring in supercritical water are complex, and studying their reaction mechanisms is of great importance for the development of supercritical water processing technologies. Accordingly, the book explains the oxidative mechanisms and kinetics of organic matter in supercritical water in detail. However, the harsh reaction conditions in supercritical water can easily create severe reactor corrosion and salt deposition problems. Therefore, the book also comprehensively reports on the mechanism analysis, state of research, and development trends regarding these two problems. Lastly, the book summarizes the development of supercritical water processing technologies, including studies on SCWO and SCWG, as well as near-zero-emission systems of pollutants based on SCWO technology. In short, the book provides a wealth of valuable information for all readers who are interested in using SCWO for organic waste treatment, and in using SCWG for hydrogen production with wet biomass.

Corrosion in Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems

Author : R. M. Latanision
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (258 download)

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Book Synopsis Corrosion in Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems by : R. M. Latanision

Download or read book Corrosion in Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems written by R. M. Latanision and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laboratory and pilot-scale supercritical water oxidation systems are operating today and that field experience indicates that corrosion in the pre-heater, reactor and cool-down sections of SCWO systems does, as expected, occur: accelerated general corrosion, pitting and stress corrosion cracking have been identified. This provides an imperfect and incomplete if, however, important part of the data base that must, ultimately, be considered in producing large scale commercial SCWO systems. Recognizing the gaps which exist in this base of field experience, this workshop created a first cut at a corrosion research agenda that should provide guidance to designers and equipment manufacturers in screening and qualifying materials of construction for SCWO hardware and monitoring devices. The consensus of those present is that wastage (accelerated general corrosion) is less of a concern than stress corrosion cracking which may lead to premature failure of systems components. A test matrix (see Section 4(a)) was established with the view that this matrix should be pursued in a dedicated SCWO system, the goal being to develop the engineering data base necessary to complement field experience which, in turn, would be used in constructing scaled-up systems. The test matrix takes into account the recognition that stress corrosion cracking is intimately a function of the microstructure of candidate materials (which is dependent on the processing history), the chemistry of the service environment, and the state of mechanical stress of the component in question. Stress corrosion cracking will only occur if a susceptible microstructure is exposed to a hostile environment in the presence of tensile stress. If any one of these elements is absent, SCC will not occur. In essence, what is required is an understanding of the range of conditions in SCWO systems where the coincidence of solid state-chemical-mechanical factors converge leading to SCC. The proposed dedicated SCWO test system would be instrumented to monitor pH, Cl-, 02, H2 and electrode potentials as well as crack initiation / propagation rates, the latter likely achieved by the potential drop method. Additionally, given the sometimes very high rate of corrosion (wastage) that has been observed in the field, provision should be made to include test coupons to allow monitoring of both general and localized (pitting) corrosion. As is often true in the development of engineering systems, engineering is likely to outpace fundamental (mechanistic) understanding of failure phenomena. It is likely that as the data base of both field and laboratory experience expands (including required inspection and maintenance tools and approaches) improved systems will be developed. In the interim it is essential to carefully manage the technological, economic and safety-related issues that are attendant with the development of engineering systems of all kinds..

Corrosion in Supercritical Fluids

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis Corrosion in Supercritical Fluids by :

Download or read book Corrosion in Supercritical Fluids written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated studies were carried out in the areas of corrosion, thermodynamic modeling, and electrochemistry under pressure and temperature conditions appropriate for potential applications of supercritical fluid (SCF) extractive metallurgy. Carbon dioxide and water were the primary fluids studied. Modifiers were used in some tests; these consisted of 1 wt% water and 10 wt% methanol for carbon dioxide and of sulfuric acid, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate at concentrations ranging from 0.00517 to 0.010 M for the aqueous fluids. The materials studied were Types 304 and 316 (UNS S30400 and S31600) stainless steel, iron, and AISI-SAE 1080 (UNS G10800) carbon steel. The thermodynamic modeling consisted of development of a personal computer-based program for generating Pourbaix diagrams at supercritical conditions in aqueous systems. As part of the model, a general method for extrapolating entropies and related thermodynamic properties from ambient to SCF conditions was developed. The experimental work was used as a tool to evaluate the predictions of the model for these systems. The model predicted a general loss of passivation in iron-based alloys at SCF conditions that was consistent with experimentally measured corrosion rates and open circuit potentials. For carbon-dioxide-based SCFs, measured corrosion rates were low, indicating that carbon steel would be suitable for use with unmodified carbon dioxide, while Type 304 stainless steel would be suitable for use with water or methanol as modifiers.

La corrosion des métaux

Author : André Hache
Publisher : FeniXX
ISBN 13 : 2705908285
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (59 download)

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Book Synopsis La corrosion des métaux by : André Hache

Download or read book La corrosion des métaux written by André Hache and published by FeniXX. This book was released on 1977-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cet ouvrage est une réédition numérique d’un livre paru au XXe siècle, désormais indisponible dans son format d’origine.

Innovations in Supercritical Fluids

Author : Keith W. Hutchenson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovations in Supercritical Fluids by : Keith W. Hutchenson

Download or read book Innovations in Supercritical Fluids written by Keith W. Hutchenson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an overview of supercritical fluid science and technology with emphasis on developments in solubility and modeling. Provides comprehensive coverage of current research, including molecular interactions and simulations, phase behavior, chemical reactions in supercritical fluids, supercritical water oxidation, and forest products applications. Addresses various aspects of the supercritical water oxidation process, including fundamental kinetics and modeling, simulations of hydrogen bonding and solvation, catalysis, use of unconventional oxidants, corrosion issues, reactor design and simulation, and applications. Includes a new technique for the rapid and accurate mapping of critical curve phase boundaries.

Chimie de l’eau et corrosion dans les REP

Author :
Publisher : Ed. Techniques Ingénieur
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Chimie de l’eau et corrosion dans les REP by :

Download or read book Chimie de l’eau et corrosion dans les REP written by and published by Ed. Techniques Ingénieur. This book was released on with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Advanced Supercritical Fluids Technologies

Author : Igor Pioro
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 183880708X
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (388 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Supercritical Fluids Technologies by : Igor Pioro

Download or read book Advanced Supercritical Fluids Technologies written by Igor Pioro and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-05-20 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using SuperCritical Fluids (SCFs) in various processes is not new, because Mother Nature has been processing minerals in aqueous solutions at critical and supercritical pressures for billions of years. Somewhere in the 20th century, SCFs started to be used in various industries as working fluids, coolants, chemical agents, etc. Written by an international team of experts and complete with the latest research, development, and design, Advanced Supercritical Fluids Technologies is a unique technical book, completely dedicated to modern and advanced applications of supercritical fluids in various industries.Advanced Supercritical Fluids Technologies provides engineers and specialists in various industries dealing with SCFs as well as researchers, scientists, and students of the corresponding departments with a comprehensive overview of the current status, latest trends and developments of these technologies.Dr Igor Pioro is a professor at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Canada, and the Founding Editor of the ASME Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science.

Near-critical and Supercritical Water and Their Applications for Biorefineries

Author : Zhen Fang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401789231
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Near-critical and Supercritical Water and Their Applications for Biorefineries by : Zhen Fang

Download or read book Near-critical and Supercritical Water and Their Applications for Biorefineries written by Zhen Fang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-02 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides fundamental chemistry and properties of near-critical water (NCW) and supercritical water (SCW), criteria and challenges/solutions in reactor design for NCW and SCW processes, and up-to-date reviews and practice of a wide range of their applications in bio refineries including: production of hydrochars from biomass, SCW oxidation (SCWO) for waste treatment, SCW gasification (SCWG) of biomass and waste for hydrogen and methane production, hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass, production of chemicals and SCWO of biofuels for energy. It also presents techno-economic analysis of hydrogen production via SCWG of biomass. The book will be highly essential for both academic researchers and industrial practitioners for developing novel bio refinery technologies and processes employing NCW or SCW for treatment of various organic waste streams and production of bio-energy and bio-based chemicals from bio-renewable resources. Prof. Dr. Zhen Fang is leader and founder of biomass group, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. Dr. Chunbao (Charles) Xu is currently an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering and NSERC/FP Innovations Industrial Research Chair in Forest Bio refinery at Western University, Canada.

Corrosion and Salt Deposition Issues in a Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (886 download)

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Book Synopsis Corrosion and Salt Deposition Issues in a Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor by :

Download or read book Corrosion and Salt Deposition Issues in a Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Electrochemical Corrosion Studies in Near-critical and Supercritical Water

Author : Masud Abdel-Latif
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (417 download)

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Book Synopsis Electrochemical Corrosion Studies in Near-critical and Supercritical Water by : Masud Abdel-Latif

Download or read book Electrochemical Corrosion Studies in Near-critical and Supercritical Water written by Masud Abdel-Latif and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Understanding Corrosion in High Subcritical and Supercritical Aqueous Environments

Author : Leo B. Kriksunov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Corrosion in High Subcritical and Supercritical Aqueous Environments by : Leo B. Kriksunov

Download or read book Understanding Corrosion in High Subcritical and Supercritical Aqueous Environments written by Leo B. Kriksunov and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Rapid Production of Micro- and Nano-particles Using Supercritical Water

Author : Zhen Fang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642129870
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Rapid Production of Micro- and Nano-particles Using Supercritical Water by : Zhen Fang

Download or read book Rapid Production of Micro- and Nano-particles Using Supercritical Water written by Zhen Fang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-24 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details progress in use of supercritical water (SCW) to synthesize nano- and micro- oxides, inorganic salts and metal particles, and shows how polymer/biomass particles can be produced by the precipitation of solutes from SCW.

Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes

Author : Gerd Brunner
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444594183
Total Pages : 683 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes by : Gerd Brunner

Download or read book Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes written by Gerd Brunner and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes presents an overview on the properties and applications of water at elevated temperatures and pressures. It combines fundamentals with production process aspects. Water is an extraordinary substance. At elevated temperatures (and pressures) its properties change dramatically due to the modifications of the molecular structure of bulk water that varies from a stable three-dimensional network, formed by hydrogen bonds at low and moderate temperatures, to an assembly of separated polar water molecules at high and supercritical temperatures. With varying pressure and temperature, water is turned from a solvent for ionic species to a solvent for polar and non-polar substances. This variability and an enhanced reactivity of water have led to many practical applications and to even more research activities, related to such areas as energy transfer, extraction of functional molecules, unique chemical reactions, biomass conversion and fuel materials processing, destruction of dangerous compounds and recycling of useful ones, growth of monolithic crystals, and preparation of metallic nanoparticles. This book provides an introduction into the wide range of activities that are possible in aqueous mixtures. It is organized to facilitate understanding of the main features, outlines the main applications, and gives access to further information Summarizes fundamental properties of water for engineering applications Compares process and reactor designs Evaluates processes from thermodynamic, economic, and social impact viewpoints

Experimental and Ab Initio Investigations Into the Fundamentals of Corrosion, in the Context of Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems

Download Experimental and Ab Initio Investigations Into the Fundamentals of Corrosion, in the Context of Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems PDF Online Free

Author : Jason Alexander Cline
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (451 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental and Ab Initio Investigations Into the Fundamentals of Corrosion, in the Context of Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems by : Jason Alexander Cline

Download or read book Experimental and Ab Initio Investigations Into the Fundamentals of Corrosion, in the Context of Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems written by Jason Alexander Cline and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Corrosion des aciers au carbone et des aciers inoxydables dans l'eau sous pression à haute température

Author : M. Warzee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (681 download)

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Book Synopsis Corrosion des aciers au carbone et des aciers inoxydables dans l'eau sous pression à haute température by : M. Warzee

Download or read book Corrosion des aciers au carbone et des aciers inoxydables dans l'eau sous pression à haute température written by M. Warzee and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: