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Corporate Dollar Debt And Depreciations
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Book Synopsis Corporate Dollar Debt and Depreciations by : Hoyt Bleakley
Download or read book Corporate Dollar Debt and Depreciations written by Hoyt Bleakley and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much has been written recently about the problems for emerging markets that might result from a mismatch between foreign-currency denominated liabilities and assets (or income flows) denominated in local currency. In particular, several models, developed in the aftermath of financial crises of the late 1990s, suggest that the expansion in the "peso" value of "dollar" liabilities resulting from a devaluation could, via a net-worth effect, offset the expansionary competitiveness effect. Assessing which effect dominates, however, is ultimately an empirical matter. In this vein, we construct a new database with accounting information (including the currency composition of liabilities) for over 450 non-financial firms in five Latin American countries. We estimate, at the firm level, the reduced-form effect on investment of holding foreign-currency-denominated debt during an exchange-rate realignment. We consistently find that this effect is positive, contrary to the predicted sign of the net-worth effect. Additionally, we show that the estimated coefficient can be decomposed into competitiveness and net-worth effects, and we provide direct evidence that the competitiveness effect dominates the net-worth effect. We discuss some out-of-sample implications of these results.
Book Synopsis Corporate Dollar Debt and Depreciations by : Crawford Hoyt Bleakley
Download or read book Corporate Dollar Debt and Depreciations written by Crawford Hoyt Bleakley and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis What Slice of the Pie? The Corporate Bond Market Boom in Emerging Economies by : Ms.Diana Ayala Pena
Download or read book What Slice of the Pie? The Corporate Bond Market Boom in Emerging Economies written by Ms.Diana Ayala Pena and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-07-07 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the determinants of shifts in debt composition among EM non-financial corporates. We show that institutions and macro fundamentals create an enabling environment for bond market development. During the recent boom episode, however, global cyclical factors accounted for most of the variation of bond shares in total corporate debt. The sensitivity to global factors appears to vary with relative bond market size—which we interpret to be associated with liquidity and easy entry and exit—rather than local fundamentals. Foreign bank linkages help explain why bond markets increasingly substituted for banks in channeling liquidity to EMs. Our results highlight the risk of capital flow reversal in EMs that benefited from the upturn in the global financial cycle mostly due to their liquid markets rather than strong fundamentals.
Book Synopsis The Turning Tide: How Vulnerable are Asian Corporates? by : Bo Jiang
Download or read book The Turning Tide: How Vulnerable are Asian Corporates? written by Bo Jiang and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-06 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a new firm-level dataset with comprehensive information on Asian firms’ FX liabilities, we show that Asia’s nonfinancial corporate sector is vulnerable to a tightening of global financial conditions. Higher global interest rates and exchange rate depreciation increase the probability of default of Asian firms. A 30 percent currency depreciation is associated with a two-notch downgrade in the corporate credit rating (e.g., from A to BBB+), resulting in 7 percent of Asian firms falling into bankruptcy. But the impact is nonlinear—as the firms’ FX liability increases, the balance sheet channel of exchange rate offsets, then dominates, the competitiveness channel. The balance sheet channel offsets the competitiveness channel when the share of U.S. dollar debt is between 10 and 20 percent. We also find that currency depreciation increases firm-level investment on average, but for firms with the share of FX liabilities above 20 percent, investment contracts with depreciation.
Book Synopsis Other People's Money by : Barry Eichengreen
Download or read book Other People's Money written by Barry Eichengreen and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-04-15 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent crises in emerging markets have been heavily driven by balance-sheet or net-worth effects. Episodes in countries as far-flung as Indonesia and Argentina have shown that exchange rate adjustments that would normally help to restore balance can be destabilizing, even catastrophic, for countries whose debts are denominated in foreign currencies. Many economists instinctually assume that developing countries allow their foreign debts to be denominated in dollars, yen, or euros because they simply don't know better. Presenting evidence that even emerging markets with strong policies and institutions experience this problem, Other People's Money recognizes that the situation must be attributed to more than ignorance. Instead, the contributors suggest that the problem is linked to the operation of international financial markets, which prevent countries from borrowing in their own currencies. A comprehensive analysis of the sources of this problem and its consequences, Other People's Money takes the study one step further, proposing a solution that would involve having the World Bank and regional development banks themselves borrow and lend in emerging market currencies.
Book Synopsis Corporate Debt and the Stockholder by : Louis Omar Foster
Download or read book Corporate Debt and the Stockholder written by Louis Omar Foster and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Turning Tide: How Vulnerable are Asian Corporates? by : Bo Jiang
Download or read book The Turning Tide: How Vulnerable are Asian Corporates? written by Bo Jiang and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-06 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a new firm-level dataset with comprehensive information on Asian firms’ FX liabilities, we show that Asia’s nonfinancial corporate sector is vulnerable to a tightening of global financial conditions. Higher global interest rates and exchange rate depreciation increase the probability of default of Asian firms. A 30 percent currency depreciation is associated with a two-notch downgrade in the corporate credit rating (e.g., from A to BBB+), resulting in 7 percent of Asian firms falling into bankruptcy. But the impact is nonlinear—as the firms’ FX liability increases, the balance sheet channel of exchange rate offsets, then dominates, the competitiveness channel. The balance sheet channel offsets the competitiveness channel when the share of U.S. dollar debt is between 10 and 20 percent. We also find that currency depreciation increases firm-level investment on average, but for firms with the share of FX liabilities above 20 percent, investment contracts with depreciation.
Book Synopsis Spillovers from Dollar Appreciation by : Mr.Julian T Chow
Download or read book Spillovers from Dollar Appreciation written by Mr.Julian T Chow and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-09-27 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent strong, sustained appreciation of the U.S. dollar raises questions about possible financial spillover effects for emerging markets and developing countries. This report finds that, unlike past episodes, emerging markets’ vulnerability has improved along a number of dimensions, though some risks persist (as identified in this report).
Book Synopsis Global Waves of Debt by : M. Ayhan Kose
Download or read book Global Waves of Debt written by M. Ayhan Kose and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.
Book Synopsis Financial Development, Exchange Rate Fluctuations and Debt Dollarization: A Firm-Level Evidence by : Minsuk Kim
Download or read book Financial Development, Exchange Rate Fluctuations and Debt Dollarization: A Firm-Level Evidence written by Minsuk Kim and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines how financial development influences the debt dollarization of nonfinancial firms in a sample of emerging market economies (EMEs). The macroeconomic channels are identified from an optimal portfolio allocation model and assessed empirically using the accounting information of nonfinancial firms from 21 EMEs during 2009–2017. The results show that financial development, measured by the private credit-to-GDP ratio, mainly reduces the influence of exchange rate volatility in determining a firm's debt currency composition, among other channels. Furthermore, the effect of exchange rate volatility becomes statistically insignificant beyond an estimated threshold credit-to-GDP ratio of 100 percent.
Book Synopsis Currency Mismatches and Vulnerability to Exchange Rate Shocks: Nonfinancial Firms in Colombia by : Mr.Adolfo Barajas
Download or read book Currency Mismatches and Vulnerability to Exchange Rate Shocks: Nonfinancial Firms in Colombia written by Mr.Adolfo Barajas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After building up foreign currency denominated (FC) liabilities over several years, Colombian firms might be vulnerable to a shift in external conditions. We undertake three empirical exercises to better understand these vulnerabilities. First, we identify the determinants of FC borrowing. Second, we investigate the implications for real activity, finding a balance sheet effect that transmits exchange rate fluctuations to investment and is asymmetric, much stronger for depreciations than for appreciations. Finally, we find that foreign exchange derivatives are not used solely for hedging, due in part to monetary authority intervention to smooth exchange rate volatility. However, a full explanation remains open for future research.
Book Synopsis Currency Depreciation and Emerging Market Corporate Distress by : Valentina Bruno
Download or read book Currency Depreciation and Emerging Market Corporate Distress written by Valentina Bruno and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do emerging market corporates fare during periods of currency depreciation? We find that non-financial firms that exploit favourable global financing conditions to issue US dollar bonds and build cash balances are also those whose share price is most vulnerable to local currency depreciation. In particular, firms' vulnerability to currency depreciation derives less from the foreign debt, per se, but from the cash balances that are funded by foreign debt. Overall, our results point to the existence of a financial channel that operates through corporate balance sheets, undermines creditworthiness in an environment of dollar strength, and plays a role in transmitting external financial conditions to the domestic financial system.
Book Synopsis Oil, Dollars, Debt, and Crises by : Mahmoud A. El-Gamal
Download or read book Oil, Dollars, Debt, and Crises written by Mahmoud A. El-Gamal and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the links between past and present oil crises, financial crises, and geopolitical conflicts.
Book Synopsis Foreign Exchange and Foreign Debts by : Hubert C. Walter
Download or read book Foreign Exchange and Foreign Debts written by Hubert C. Walter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1926. This book explains clearly the depreciation of the franc, the return to the gold standard and dollar parity, inflation and deflation, the stabilization of the mark and its effects; and the connexion between exchange rates and prices. It describes the transfer of money abroad, bank credits, the various methods in which documentary bills are dealt with and foreign currencies exchanged. Based on the author’s practical experience of finance, it incorporates economic research and contains a concise statement of Britain’s debt to America, the Dawes Reparation Plan, and the debt settlements with France and Italy.
Book Synopsis Excessive Dollar Borrowing in Emerging Markets by : Anton Korinek
Download or read book Excessive Dollar Borrowing in Emerging Markets written by Anton Korinek and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging market economies that borrow in foreign currency are prone to severe financial crises that involve financial amplification, i.e. a feedback loop of depreciating exchange rates, deteriorating balance sheets and declining aggregate demand. This is the first paper to show that such financial amplification effects create an externality that induces individual borrowers to undervalue the social risks of dollar debt and take on too much of it. Specifically, atomistic rational agents take the extent of exchange rate depreciations during crises as given. They realize that foreign currency debt entails large repayments and cut-backs in spending in crisis states, but they do not internalize that the resulting reduction in aggregate demand leads to further depreciations in the exchange rate. These depreciations in turn deteriorate balance sheets and tighten borrowing constraints across the economy, hurting other borrowers. We discuss the merits of various policy measures to correct this distortion and conclude that a reserve requirement on foreign currency debt is the most desirable.
Book Synopsis Those "d" Words by : L. Randall Wray
Download or read book Those "d" Words written by L. Randall Wray and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Theory of the Firm's Cost of Capital by : Ramesh K. S. Rao
Download or read book A Theory of the Firm's Cost of Capital written by Ramesh K. S. Rao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost of capital concept has myriad applications in business decision-making. The standard methodology for deriving cost of capital estimates is based on the seminal Modigliani-Miller analyses. This book generalizes this framework to include non-debt tax shields (e.g., depreciation), interactions between the borrowing rate and tax shields, and default considerations. It develops several new results and shows how better cost of capital and marginal tax rate estimates can be generated. The book's unified cost of capital theory is discussed with comprehensive numerical examples and graphical illustrations.This book will be of interest to corporate managers, academics, investment bankers, governmental agencies, and private companies that generate cost of capital estimates for public consumption.
