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Control Of Beam Losses In The Front End For The Neutrino Factory
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Book Synopsis Control of Beam Losses in the Front End for the Neutrino Factory by :
Download or read book Control of Beam Losses in the Front End for the Neutrino Factory written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider, muons are produced by firing high energy protons onto a target to produce pions. The pions decay to muons which are then accelerated. This method of pion production results in significant background from protons and electrons, which may result in heat deposition on superconducting materials and activation of the machine preventing manual handling. In this paper we discuss the design of a secondary particle handling system. The system comprises a solenoidal chicane that filters high momentum particles, followed by a proton absorber that reduces the energy of all particles, resulting in the rejection of low energy protons that pass through the solenoid chicane. We detail the design and optimization of the system and its integration with the rest of the muon front end.
Book Synopsis Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Fellow, Final Technical Report for DOE Award DE-FG02-03ER41267 by :
Download or read book Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Fellow, Final Technical Report for DOE Award DE-FG02-03ER41267 written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By providing an intense, well controlled, well characterized, narrow beam of muon neutrinos (?????????s) and electron antineutrinos (–?e’s) from the decay of muons (?−??2019?s) in a storage ring, a neutrino factory can advance neutrino physics beyond the current round of approved and proposed experiments using conventional neutrino beams produced from a beam of decaying pions and kaons [1, 2]. There is no other comparable single clean source of electron neutrinos (from the decay of ?+’s) or antineutrinos. A muon storage ring producing 1019 to 1021 muon decays per year should be feasible. These intense neutrino beams can be used to study neutrino oscillations and possible CP violation. An entry-level muon storage ring that could provide 1019 decays per year would allow a determination of the sign of ?m231and a first measurement of sin22?13 for favorable values of this parameter. An improved muon storage ring system that could provide 1020 muon decays per year would allow measurement of sin22?13 to 1̃0−4. A high performance muon storage ring capable of providing more than 1020 muon decays per year would allow the exciting possibility of a measurement of CP violation in the leptonic sector. An intense cold muon beam at the front end of a neutrino factory could enable a rich variety of precision muon physics, such as a more precise measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g – 2) and searches for ? -> e ? and ?−N -> e− N conversion [3]. In addition, colliding beams of ?+ and ?− in a muon collider can provide an effective ?Higgs factory? or multi-TeV center-of-mass energy collisions [4]. A muon collider will be the best way to study the Higgs bosons associated with supersymmetric theories and may be necessary to discover them. Two neutrino factory feasibility studies have been carried out in the U.S. [5, 6]. International design efforts are now under way. The International Neutrino Factory and Superbeam Scoping Study (ISS) [7] began at the NuFact05 Workshop in June 2005 with the goals of elaborating the physics case, defining the baseline options for such a facility and its neutrino detectors, and identifying the required R&D program to lay the foundations for a complete design study proposal, and an International Design Study of the Neutrino Factory is beginning. These studies entail iterative cost and technical difficulty evaluations, thereby providing guidelines for the advancing R&D program. One of the central subsystems of a neutrino factory or muon collider is the muon cooling system. The muon beam is cooled to increase the phase space density and allow the muons to pass through smaller apertures, thus reducing the cost of the following accelerator systems. This cooling is accomplished through ionization cooling, in which the beam is passed through liquid hydrogen absorbers and then accelerated in RF cavities to restore the longitudinal momentum. Ionization cooling was proposed more than twenty years ago [8] but has not yet been demonstrated in practice. The International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) [9, 10] seeks to build and operate a muon-cooling device of a design proposed in Feasibility Study-II [6]. In addition to cooling the muons, MICE includes apparatus to measure the performance of the device. The experiment will be carried out by a collaboration of physicists from the U.S., Europe, and Japan at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the U.K. MICE will begin operation in late 2007. Successful performance of the MICE experiment will provide the understanding needed to design a complete neutrino factory, in which the muons are cooled, accelerated, circulated in a storage ring, and decay to produce the neutrino beam. The first neutrino factory might be built in the U.S., Europe, or Japan. A Muon Collider Task Force (MCTF) has recently been organized at Fermilab.
Book Synopsis BEAM LOSS ESTIMATES AND CONTROL FOR THE BNL NEUTRINO FACILITY. by :
Download or read book BEAM LOSS ESTIMATES AND CONTROL FOR THE BNL NEUTRINO FACILITY. written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The requirement for low beam loss is very important both to protect the beam component, and to make the hands-on maintenance possible. In this report, the design considerations to achieving high intensity and low loss will be presented. We start by specifying the beam loss limit at every physical process followed by the proper design and parameters for realizing the required goals. The process considered in this paper include the emittance growth in the linac, the H− injection, the transition crossing, the coherent instabilities and the extraction losses.
Book Synopsis Interim Design Report for the International Design Study for a Neutrino Factory by :
Download or read book Interim Design Report for the International Design Study for a Neutrino Factory written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The starting point for the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) was the output of the earlier International Scoping Study for a future Neutrino Factory and super-beam facility (the ISS). The accelerator facility described in section 2 incorporates the improvements that have been derived from the substantial amount of work carried out within the Accelerator Working Group. Highlights of these improvements include: (1) Initial concepts for the implementation of the proton driver at each of the three example sites, CERN, FNAL, and RAL; (2) Detailed studies of the energy deposition in the target area; (3) A reduction in the length of the muon beam phase-rotation and bunching systems; (4) Detailed analyses of the impact of the risk that stray magnetic field in the accelerating cavities in the ionization cooling channel will reduce the maximum operating gradient. Several alternative ionization-cooling lattices have been developed as fallback options to mitigate this technical risk; (5) Studies of particle loss in the muon front-end and the development of strategies to mitigate the deleterious effects of such losses; (6) The development of more complete designs for the muon linac and re-circulating linacs; (7) The development of a design for the muon FFAG that incorporates insertions for injection and extraction; and (8) Detailed studies of diagnostics in the decay ring. Other sub-systems have undergone a more 'incremental' evolution; an indication that the design of the Neutrino Factory has achieved a degree of maturity. The design of the neutrino detectors described in section 3 has been optimized and the Detector Working Group has made substantial improvements to the simulation and analysis of the Magnetized Iron Neutrino Detector (MIND) resulting in an improvement in the overall neutrino-detection efficiency and a reduction in the neutrino-energy threshold. In addition, initial consideration of the engineering of the MIND has generated a design that is feasible and a finite element analysis of the toroidal magnetic field to produce a realistic field map has been carried out. Section 3 also contains, for the first time, a specification for the near-detector systems and a demonstration that the neutrino flux can be determined with a precision of 1% through measurements of inverse muon decay at the near detector. The performance of the facility, the work of the Physics and Performance Evaluation Group, is described in section 1. The effect of the improved MIND performance is to deliver a discovery reach for CP-invariance violation in the lepton sector, the determination of the mass hierarchy, and of?13 that extends down to values of sin2 2?13 H"5 x 10−5 and is robust against systematic uncertainties. In addition, the improved neutrino-energy threshold has allowed an indicative analysis of the kind of re-optimization of the facility that could be carried out should?13 be found close to the current upper bound. The results presented in section 1 demonstrate that the discovery reach as well as the precision with which the oscillation parameters can be measured at the baseline Neutrino Factory is superior to that of other proposed facilities for all possible values of sin2 2?13.
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Algorithm for the Neutrino Factory Front End Design by :
Download or read book Evolutionary Algorithm for the Neutrino Factory Front End Design written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neutrino Factory is an important tool in the long-term neutrino physics program. Substantial effort is put internationally into designing this facility in order to achieve desired performance within the allotted budget. This accelerator is a secondary beam machine: neutrinos are produced by means of the decay of muons. Muons, in turn, are produced by the decay of pions, produced by hitting the target by a beam of accelerated protons suitable for acceleration. Due to the physics of this process, extra conditioning of the pion beam coming from the target is needed in order to effectively perform subsequent acceleration. The subsystem of the Neutrino Factory that performs this conditioning is called Front End, its main performance characteristic is the number of the produced muons.
Book Synopsis Optimization and Beam Control in Large-emittance Accelerators: Neutrino Factories by :
Download or read book Optimization and Beam Control in Large-emittance Accelerators: Neutrino Factories written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Schemes for intense sources of high-energy muons require collection, rf capture, and transport of particle beams with unprecedented emittances, both longitudinally and transversely. These large emittances must be reduced or ''cooled'' both in size and in energy spread before the muons can be efficiently accelerated. Therefore, formation of muon beams sufficiently intense to drive a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider requires multi-stage preparation. Further, because of the large beam phase space which must be successfully controlled, accelerated, and transported, the major stages that comprise such a facility: proton driver, production, capture, phase rotation, cooling, acceleration, and storage are complex and strongly interlinked. Each of the stages must be consecutively matched and simultaneously optimized with upstream and downstream systems, meeting challenges not only technically in the optics and component design, but also in the modeling of both new and extended components. One design for transverse cooling, for example, employs meter-diameter solenoids to maintain strong focusing--300-500 mr beam divergences--across ultra-large momentum ranges, [ge] [+-]20% [delta]p/p, defying conventional approximations to the dynamics and field representation. To now, the interplay of the different systems and staging strategies has not been formally addressed. This work discusses two basic, but different approaches to a Neutrino Factory and how the staging strategy depends on beam parameters and method of acceleration.
Book Synopsis ECFA/CERN Studies of a European Neutrino Factory Complex by : Alain Blondel
Download or read book ECFA/CERN Studies of a European Neutrino Factory Complex written by Alain Blondel and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Front End Energy Deposition and Collimation Studies for IDS-NF. by :
Download or read book Front End Energy Deposition and Collimation Studies for IDS-NF. written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The function of the Neutrino Factory front end is to reduce the energy spread and size of the muon beam to a manageable level that will allow reasonable throughput to subsequent system components. Since the Neutrino Factory is a tertiary machine (protons to pions to muons), there is an issue of large background from the pion-producing target. The implications of energy deposition in the front end lattice for the Neutrino Factory are addressed. Several approaches to mitigating the effect are proposed and discussed, including proton absorbers, chicanes, beam collimation, and shielding.
Book Synopsis Beam Dynamics Studies for the First Muon Linac of the Neutrino Factory by :
Download or read book Beam Dynamics Studies for the First Muon Linac of the Neutrino Factory written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the Neutrino Factory Project the muon acceleration process involves a complex chain of accelerators including a (single-pass) linac, two recirculating linacs and an FFAG. The linac consists of RF cavities and iron shielded solenoids for transverse focusing and has been previously designed relying on idealized field models. However, to predict accurately the transport and acceleration of a high emittance 30 cm wide beam with 10 % energy spread requires detailed knowledge of fringe field distributions. This article presents results of the front-to-end tracking of the muon beam through numerically simulated realistic field distributions for the shielded solenoids and the RF fields. Real and phase space evolution of the beam has been studied along the linac and the results are presented and discussed.
Book Synopsis Phase Rotation at the Front End of a Neutrino Factory by :
Download or read book Phase Rotation at the Front End of a Neutrino Factory written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The muon collection scheme for a muon-storage-ring-based Neutrino Factory consists of a target irradiated with a 1 MW proton beam followed by a 30-m decay channel and then a 300-m long induction linac phase rotation. The purpose of the induction-linac section is to reduce the [delta]E/E spread of the collected muons to a value which is manageable for the subsequent buncher and cooling sections. We describe in this paper the overall design concept of the phase-rotation system and give key parameters for the induction linacs.
Book Synopsis Issues in Acceleration of A Muon Beam for a Neutrino Factory by :
Download or read book Issues in Acceleration of A Muon Beam for a Neutrino Factory written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have developed a concept for acceleration of a large phase-space, pulsed muon beam from 190 MeV to 50 GeV as part of a collaborative study of the feasibility of a neutrino factory based on in-flight decay of muons. The muon beam's initial energy spread was (approximately)20% and each bunch has the physical size of a soccer ball. Production of the muons will be quite expensive, so prevention of loss due to scraping or decay is critical. The former drives the system to large apertures and the latter calls for high real-estate-average gradients. The solution to be presented utilizes a 3 GeV linac to capture the beam, a 4-pass recirculating linac to get the beam to 10 GeV, and then a 5-pass linac to get the beam to 50 GeV. Throughout the system, longitudinal dynamics issues far outweighed transverse dynamics issues. This paper focuses on the issues surrounding the choice of superconducting rf structures over copper structures.
Book Synopsis Beams for European Neutrino Experiments (BENE) Midterm Scientific Report by :
Download or read book Beams for European Neutrino Experiments (BENE) Midterm Scientific Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Stephen Myers
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Stephen Myers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 867 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third open access volume of the handbook series deals with accelerator physics, design, technology and operations, as well as with beam optics, dynamics and diagnostics. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A,B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access.
Book Synopsis Neutrino Factories, Superbeams and Betabeams by : Osamu Yasuda
Download or read book Neutrino Factories, Superbeams and Betabeams written by Osamu Yasuda and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2008-02-28 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The workshop has reviewed progress towards the future generation of neutrino oscillation experiments. These experiments will use very intense conventional neutrino beams and novel beams derived from muons or radioactive nuclei. These new facilities will provide a broad research front including muon physics and neutrino scattering experiments. The main technical challenges involve construction of very intense proton beams, targeting, effective capture of produced particles, cooling and ultra-fast acceleration of the resulting muons.
Book Synopsis Particle Rate and Host Accelerator Beam Loss on the MICE Experiment by :
Download or read book Particle Rate and Host Accelerator Beam Loss on the MICE Experiment written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study is presented of particle rates in the MICE Muon Beamline and their relationship to beam loss produced in ISIS. A brief overview of neutrino physics is presented, together with a discussion on the Neutrino Factory as a motivation for MICE. An overview of MICE itself is then presented, highlighting the need for a systematic understanding of the relationship between the MICE target parameters, ISIS beam loss, and MICE particle rate. The variation of beam loss with target depth is examined and observed to be non-linear. The variation of beam loss with respect to the target dip time in the ISIS cycle is examined and observed to be approximately linear for dip times between 11.1 ms and 12.6 ms after ISIS injection, before tailing at earlier dip times. The variation of beam loss with particle rate is also observed to follow an approximately linear relationship from 0.05 V.ms to 4.7 V.ms beam loss, with a further strong indication that this continues up to 7.1 V.ms. Particle identification using time-of-flight data is used to give an insight into the relative abundances of each particle species present in the MICE beam. Estimates of muon rate are then produced as a function of beam loss. At a level of 2 V.ms beam loss ~10:9 muons per spill for a 3.2 ms spill with negative [pi] → [mu] optics, and ~31:1 muons per 1 ms spill with positive [pi] → [mu] optics are observed. Simulations using the ORBIT particle tracking code of the beam loss distributions around the ISIS ring, caused by the MICE target, are also presented and the implications for MICE running discussed.
Book Synopsis Particle Rate and Host Accelerator Beam Loss on the MICE Experiment by :
Download or read book Particle Rate and Host Accelerator Beam Loss on the MICE Experiment written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Beam Loading Effects for the Neutrino Factory Muon Accelerator by :
Download or read book Investigation of Beam Loading Effects for the Neutrino Factory Muon Accelerator written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International design study (IDS) study showed that a Neutrino Factory [1] seems to be the most promising candidate for the next phase of high precision neutrino oscillation experiments. One part of the increased precision is due to the fact that in a Neutrino Factory the decay of muons produces a neutrino beam with narrow energy distribution and divergence. The effect of beam loading on the energy distribution of the muon beam in the Neutrino Factory decay rings has been investigated numerically. The simulations have been performed using the baseline accelerator design including cavities for different number of bunch trains and bunch train timing. A detailed analysis of the beam energy distribution expected is given together with a discussion of the energy spread produced by the gutter acceleration in the FFAG and the implications for the neutrino oscillation experiments will be presented.
