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Author : Xiaobo Zhu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (51 download)
Download or read book Computer Simulation of Inspiratory Flow and Particle Deposition in Human Oral Airway written by Xiaobo Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jiyuan Tu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400744870
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Computational Fluid and Particle Dynamics in the Human Respiratory System written by Jiyuan Tu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-18 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional research methodologies in the human respiratory system have always been challenging due to their invasive nature. Recent advances in medical imaging and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have accelerated this research. This book compiles and details recent advances in the modelling of the respiratory system for researchers, engineers, scientists, and health practitioners. It breaks down the complexities of this field and provides both students and scientists with an introduction and starting point to the physiology of the respiratory system, fluid dynamics and advanced CFD modeling tools. In addition to a brief introduction to the physics of the respiratory system and an overview of computational methods, the book contains best-practice guidelines for establishing high-quality computational models and simulations. Inspiration for new simulations can be gained through innovative case studies as well as hands-on practice using pre-made computational code. Last but not least, students and researchers are presented the latest biomedical research activities, and the computational visualizations will enhance their understanding of physiological functions of the respiratory system.
Author : Taylor Steven Geisler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)
Download or read book Simulation of Turbulent Airflow and Particle Deposition in Human and Animal Airways written by Taylor Steven Geisler and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prolonged exposure to inhaled micron-sized airborne particles is a known public health concern. These particles impact the health of staggering numbers of residents of polluted urban areas, as well as significant portions of the third world where it is still common to burn wood or charcoal indoors for cooking or heating. An understanding of the fate of inhaled particles in the lungs is useful for assessing their associated health risks, as well as improving the effectiveness of respiratory drug delivery techniques. The transport of microparticles is inseparable from behavior of the suspending airflow and this is studied using computational fluid dynamics techniques. The anatomy of the airways seems to have evolved to encourage turbulent airflow for functions such as mixing of flow to promote the warming and humidification of inhaled air, as well as for filtration. Large eddy simulation models are employed to capture turbulent flow in extremely complex patient-specific airway geometries. These collectively comprise the oral and nasal cavities, larynx, trachea, and the bronchial tree. The flow in anatomically-accurate rhesus macaque airways is also studied. Simulations are carried out for inspiratory flow rates corresponding to nominal Reynolds numbers in the hundreds to low-thousands yet somewhat surprisingly yield unsteady flows due to local geometric factors. A computed mean flow field is compared extensively with magnetic resonance velocimetry measurements carried out in the same computed-tomography--based lung geometry, showing good agreement. Microparticle deposition predictions are also verified. Focus is placed on the dynamics of the flow in the nasal airway, trachea, and bronchial tree. After becoming unsteady at constrictions in the upper airways, the flow is found to be chaotic, exhibiting fluctuations with broad-band spectra even at the most distal simulated airways in which the Reynolds numbers are as low as 300. The unsteadiness is attributed to the convection of turbulent structures produced in the upper airways as well as to local kinetic energy production throughout the bronchial tree.
Author : Joshua Gurman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (819 download)
Download or read book Particle Deposition Patterns in Human Upper Bronchial Airways Under Simulated Inspiratory Flow written by Joshua Gurman and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jonathan Steffens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (664 download)
Download or read book Comparison of Particle Deposition for Realistic Adult and Adolescent Upper Airway Geometries Using Unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics written by Jonathan Steffens and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Particle deposition in the respiratory tract is studied in order to better understand the negative health effects due to cigarette smoke inhalation. Until recently, idealized models of the respiratory airways based on the original Weibel model have been used to calculate deposition. These models consist of symmetric bifurcating airways and do not take into account variations of airway diameter, and asymmetry in the human respiratory tract. Until recently, little work has been done to accurately recreate the entire upper respiratory tract including the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Technological improvement has changed the way in which researchers approach this problem. With the advent of high resolution scans of the respiratory tract, accurate replica models can be created to better predict cigarette smoke particle (CSP) deposition. These models recreate actual lung geometries found in patients. For this thesis, two realistic geometric models are created. One is based on an adult male and the other on an adolescent male. CSP deposition is determined for both models in order to compare the difference cased by age in smoking. In addition, an unsteady breathing curve, indicative of realistic smoking behavior is utilized to more accurately represent the breathing conditions. Both models consist of the oral cavity, throat, larynx, trachea, and first five to seven generations of the lungs. The adult model is based on a dental cast of the mouth, a CT scan of the throat and larynx, and images based on the National Institute of Health's Visible Human Project for the tracheobronchial tree. The adolescent model is based upon a scaled oral cavity and CT scans of the rest of the reparatory tract. The program 3D Doctor is used to reconstruct the two dimensional CT scan images into a three dimensional model. VPSculpt and SolidWorks are used to combine the different parts of the models and clean up the geometry. The geometry is meshed in Gambit and exported to the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software package Fluent to perform the fluid flow and particle deposition analysis. The Fluent Discrete Phase Model (DPM) is used to determine particle trajectories and deposition. It is found that deposition increases with the size of the inhaled particles. Particles tend to deposit towards the back of the throat, the area of the trachea just below the glottis, and at bifurcations in the airways. However, when compared to other studies in literature, deposition tended to be higher with smaller particle sizes, but more comparable with larger particle sizes. Adolescent deposition was found to be lower than adult deposition for all particle sizes."--Abstract.
Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Airflow, Particle Deposition and Drug Delivery in a Representative Human Nasal Airway Model written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human nasal cavities, each with an effective length of only 10cm, feature a wide array of basic flow phenomena due to their complex geometries. Dependent on such airflow fields are the transport and deposition of micro- and nano- particles in the human nasal cavities, of interest to engineers, scientists, air-pollution regulators, and healthcare officials. By utilizing advanced CAD and reverse engineering skills, a realistic model of the human nasal cavity was constructed from MRI image data for 3-D computer simulations. Assuming laminar quasi-steady airflow, dilute micro- and nano-particle suspension flows and local deposition efficiencies were analyzed for 7.5
Author : René Pomeau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780729404938
Total Pages : 876 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (49 download)
Download or read book Voltaire en son temps written by René Pomeau and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : I. Balásházy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (355 download)
Download or read book Particle Deposition in Airway Bifurcations for Inspiratory Flow written by I. Balásházy and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard A. Parent
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124047262
Total Pages : 835 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Comparative Biology of the Normal Lung written by Richard A. Parent and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-03-13 with total page 835 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparative Biology of the Normal Lung, Second Edition, offers a rigorous and comprehensive reference for all those involved in pulmonary research. This fully updated work is divided into sections on anatomy and morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and immunological response. It continues to provide a unique comparative perspective on the mammalian lung. This edition includes several new chapters and expanded content, including aging and development of the normal lung, mechanical properties of the lung, genetic polymorphisms, the comparative effect of stress of pulmonary immune function, oxygen signaling in the mammalian lung and much more. By addressing scientific advances and critical issues in lung research, this 2nd edition is a timely and valuable work on comparative data for the interpretation of studies of animal models as compared to the human lung. - Edited and authored by experts in the field to provide an excellent and timely review of cross-species comparisons that will help you interpret and compare data from animal studies to human findings - Incorporates lung anatomy and physiology, cell specific interactions and immunological responses to provide you with a single and unique multidisciplinary source on the comparative biology of the normal lung - Includes new and expanded content on neonatal and aged lungs, developmental processes, cell signaling, antioxidants, airway cells, safety pharmacology and much more - Section IV on Physical and Immunological Defenses has been significantly updated with 9 new chapters and an increased focus on the pulmonary immunological system
Author : James Goh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3319029134
Total Pages : 998 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)
Download or read book The 15th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering written by James Goh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-18 with total page 998 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the processing of the 15th ICMBE held from 4th to 7th December 2013, Singapore. Biomedical engineering is applied in most aspects of our healthcare ecosystem. From electronic health records to diagnostic tools to therapeutic, rehabilitative and regenerative treatments, the work of biomedical engineers is evident. Biomedical engineers work at the intersection of engineering, life sciences and healthcare. The engineers would use principles from applied science including mechanical, electrical, chemical and computer engineering together with physical sciences including physics, chemistry and mathematics to apply them to biology and medicine. Applying such concepts to the human body is very much the same concepts that go into building and programming a machine. The goal is to better understand, replace or fix a target system to ultimately improve the quality of healthcare. With this understanding, the conference proceedings offer a single platform for individuals and organizations working in the biomedical engineering related field to gather and network with each other in so doing create the catalyst for future development of biomedical engineering in Asia.
Author : William C. Hinds
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118591976
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)
Download or read book Aerosol Technology written by William C. Hinds and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The #1 guide to aerosol science and technology -now better than ever Since 1982, Aerosol Technology has been the text of choice among students and professionals who need to acquire a thorough working knowledge of modern aerosol theory and applications. Now revised to reflect the considerable advances that have been made over the past seventeen years across a broad spectrum of aerosol-related application areas - from occupational hygiene and biomedical technology to microelectronics and pollution control -this new edition includes: * A chapter on bioaerosols * New sections on resuspension, transport losses, respiratory deposition models, and fractal characterization of particles * Expanded coverage of atmospheric aerosols, including background aerosols and urban aerosols * A section on the impact of aerosols on global warming and ozone depletion. Aerosol Technology, Second Edition also features dozens of new, fully worked examples drawn from a wide range of industrial and research settings, plus new chapter-end practice problems to help readers master the material quickly.
Author : Ewald R. Weibel
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483225798
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Morphometry of the Human Lung written by Ewald R. Weibel and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Morphometry of the Human Lung considers the developments in understanding the quantitative anatomy of the lung, and in the correlation of anatomy with physiology. This book is composed of 11 chapters, and begins with an overview of a systematic approach to a quantitative morphologic analysis of the architecture of the human lung, followed by a presentation of general problems of methodology and the derivation of reliable dimensional models of this organ. The subsequent chapters describe the methods of preparation of tissues, methods of random sampling, and adaptation of methodologies from other fields of science. These topics are followed by discussions the mathematical formulations for the translation of the data into the desired geometric forms and a technique of counting. The final chapters look into the mode of distribution and geometric forms that should eventually facilitate mathematical and physical considerations regarding the function of the lungs. These chapters also consider the application of these quantitative methods to the study of pathologic specimens, providing a most timely renovation of morphologic pathology. This book will be of value to pulmonologists, physiologists, and researchers who are interested in lung morphometry.
Author : Sponsored by The Health Effects Institute
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309037263
Total Pages : 703 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Air Pollution, the Automobile, and Public Health written by Sponsored by The Health Effects Institute and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The combination of scientific and institutional integrity represented by this book is unusual. It should be a model for future endeavors to help quantify environmental risk as a basis for good decisionmaking." â€"William D. Ruckelshaus, from the foreword. This volume, prepared under the auspices of the Health Effects Institute, an independent research organization created and funded jointly by the Environmental Protection Agency and the automobile industry, brings together experts on atmospheric exposure and on the biological effects of toxic substances to examine what is knownâ€"and not knownâ€"about the human health risks of automotive emissions.
Author : Lev S. Ruzer
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439855102
Total Pages : 669 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)
Download or read book Aerosols Handbook written by Lev S. Ruzer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rapid growth of the nanotechnology industry, the need to understand the biological effects of aerosol exposure has become increasingly important. Featuring contributions by leading experts in the field, Aerosols Handbook: Measurement, Dosimetry, and Health Effects, Second Edition offers an up-to-date overview of many aspects of aerosols, from properties to health effects and epidemiology. Covering indoor, outdoor, industrial, medical, pharmaceutical, and radioactive aerosols, this book explores aerosol dosimetry by defining terms such as exposure and dose. In addition, it looks at nanometer particles, the mechanism of aerosol deposition in the lungs, and modeling deposition with a corresponding uncertainty in risk assessment. The text also emphasizes the importance of accurate aerosol measurements, particularly breathing zone exposure assessments. Examining radioactive aerosols, the book discusses lessons learned from nuclear accidents, radon and thoron, and long-lived radionuclides in the environment. It brings together research on both radioactive and nonradioactive aerosols, supplying readers with a more complete view of how aerosols behave in the lungs. New in This Edition Five new chapters that address the safety of nanomaterials, dealing with nanoparticle cell penetration, high aspect ratio nanomaterials, nanoaerosols in drug delivery, risk assessment, and health effects New chapters on atmospheric pollution related to climate change, chemical analyses of particle filter deposits, and classical nucleation theory New data on measurement, dosimetry, and health effects Updated throughout, this second edition continues to be an essential resource for those who study exposure, dosages, and toxicity to develop treatments for exposure, reduce air pollution, and establish better safety regulations, particularly in industries using nanotechnologies.
Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Airborne Particles
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)
Download or read book Airborne Particles written by National Research Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Airborne Particles and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 858 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alan Rodgman
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 146651552X
Total Pages : 2334 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)
Download or read book The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke written by Alan Rodgman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 2334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by two longtime researchers in tobacco science, The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke, Second Edition chronicles the progress made from late 2008 through 2011 by scientists in the field of tobacco science. The book examines the isolation and characterization of each component. It explores developments in pertinent analytical
