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Coal Conversion Wastewater Treatment By Catalytic Oxidation In Supercritical Water Technical Progress Report July 1 1995 June 30 1996
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Book Synopsis Coal Conversion Wastewater Treatment by Catalytic Oxidation in Supercritical Water. Technical Progress Report, July 1, 1995 - June 30, 1996 by :
Download or read book Coal Conversion Wastewater Treatment by Catalytic Oxidation in Supercritical Water. Technical Progress Report, July 1, 1995 - June 30, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall objective of this research project is to obtain the reaction engineering information required to evaluate the utility of catalytic supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) for treating wastes arising from coal conversion processes. Our more specific objectives for this first phase of the project were: 1. to recruit and train a graduate student to work on this project 2. to construct a reactor system for the experimental studies 3. to initiate catalytic SCWO experiments and identify an active catalyst. Each of these three objectives has been met. The literature search revealed that both CuO and Mno2 are effective catalysts for the oxidation of organics (including phenol) in aqueous streams. Recently, these materials have also shown promise in catalytic supercritical water oxidation. Accordingly, our initial experiments have employed CuO and MhO2 catalysts that are commercially available. The catalyst we used in these initial studies, CARLITE 150 from Carus Chemical Company, has been commercially used in treating volatile organic compounds generated in various chemical processes. It contains MnO2 and CuO supported on Al2O3. The commercial catalyst pellets were ground to powders and separated by size before use. We used phenol as the first model pollutant to study because it is ubiquitous in wastewaters and there is a large data base for non- catalytic SCWO with which we can contrast results from catalytic SCWO.
Book Synopsis Coal Conversion Wastewater Treatment by Catalytic Oxidation in Supercritical Water by :
Download or read book Coal Conversion Wastewater Treatment by Catalytic Oxidation in Supercritical Water written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In previous reports, we showed that CARULITE 150 from Carus Chemical Company was so effective with oxidation of phenol in supercritical water (SCW) that the results we obtained were likely influenced by internal mass-transfer resistance. We also reported that oxidation of phenol over MnO2 powder in SCW improved the conversions of both phenol and total organic carbon (TOC) relative to non-catalytic oxidation while the catalytic oxidation kinetics was free from mass-transfer limitation. In this report we continued the investigation of oxidation over the MnO2 powder in SCW.
Book Synopsis Large Scale Solubilization of Coal and Bioconversion to Utilizable Energy. Eighth Quarterly Technical Progress Report, July 1, 1995-September 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Large Scale Solubilization of Coal and Bioconversion to Utilizable Energy. Eighth Quarterly Technical Progress Report, July 1, 1995-September 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Supercritical Fluid Reactions for Coal Processing. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1, 1995--June 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Supercritical Fluid Reactions for Coal Processing. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1, 1995--June 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exciting opportunities exist for the application of supercritical fluid (SCF) reactions for the pre-treatment of coal. Utilizing reactants which closely resemble the organic sulfur and nitrogen containing components of coal, we propose to develop a method to tailor chemical reactions in supercritical fluid solvents for the specific application of coal desulfurization and denitrogenation. Diels-Alder reactions involving such compounds have been extensively studied and characterized in liquids. However, there is very little understanding of such reactions in SCF's. We are developing an approach which will allow optimum design of coal desulfurization and denitrogenation processes.
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes in to Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, July 1, 1995 - September 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes in to Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, July 1, 1995 - September 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oxidation of Phenolics in Supercritical Water. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, June 1, 1993--August 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Oxidation of Phenolics in Supercritical Water. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, June 1, 1993--August 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An environmental hazard associated with coal liquefaction and gasification is the generation of aqueous waste streams containing phenolics and carcinogenic organics such as polynuclear aromatics. Oxidation in supercritical water (SCW) is an emerging technology for the ultimate destruction of phenolics and other organics in waste water streams. SCW oxidation involves the oxidation of organics in an aqueous medium at temperatures between 400--650°C and pressures around 250 atm. These conditions exceed the thermodynamic critical point of water, hence the water is said to be supercritical. Wastes can be converted by SCWO to benign products: carbon is converted to CO2, hydrogen to H2O, and nitrogen to N2 or N2O (but not NO(subscript x)). The objective of this project is to oxidize selected phenolics in SCW and then determine the reaction kinetics (rate constants, reaction orders, activation energies) and the reaction pathways. These reaction fundamentals can then be used to evaluate, design, optimize, and control coal-conversion waste water treatment processes based on SCW oxidation. Our work to date has focused on the oxidation of o-cresol in SCW. We have explored the effects of temperature, pressure, and the concentrations of cresol, oxygen and water.
Book Synopsis Treatment of Coal Conversion Wastewater with the Powdered Activated Carbon-contact Stabilization Activated Sludge Process by : Makram T. Suidan
Download or read book Treatment of Coal Conversion Wastewater with the Powdered Activated Carbon-contact Stabilization Activated Sludge Process written by Makram T. Suidan and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Large Scale Solubilization of Coal and Bioconversion to Utilizable Energy. Seventh Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1, 1995-June 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Large Scale Solubilization of Coal and Bioconversion to Utilizable Energy. Seventh Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1, 1995-June 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Supercritical Fluid Reactions for Coal Processing. Quarterly Progress Report, July 1, 1995--September 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Supercritical Fluid Reactions for Coal Processing. Quarterly Progress Report, July 1, 1995--September 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this work is to design benign solvent/cosolvent systems for reactions which will achieve optimum desulfurization and/or denitrogenation in the pre-treatment of coal or coal liquids. Supercritical fluids present excellent opportunities for the pretreatment of coal, hence we shall utilize supercritical fluids as a reaction medium. A number of possible Diels-Alder reactive systems involving anthracene (diene) in supercritical solvent were proposed at the outset of research. Scouting experiments designed to select out the optimum reactive system from among the candidate dienophiles and solvents have been completed. The nitrogen bearing compound 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD) has demonstrated superior reactivity and sensitivity to cosolvent additions and has been selected as dienophile. A convenient half-life of reaction between PTAD and anthracene is obtained at temperatures in the neighborhood of 50°C. Carbon dioxide has been selected as the solvent because of its convenient critical properties, and also to optimize the safety of the experiments. In the process of completing these scouting experiments, the experimental apparatus that will be used to obtain kinetic data for calculation of partial molar volumes of the reaction transition state has also been optimized.
Book Synopsis Oxidation of Phenolics in Supercritical Water. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, 1 December 1993--28 February 1994 by :
Download or read book Oxidation of Phenolics in Supercritical Water. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, 1 December 1993--28 February 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An environmental hazard associated with coal liquefaction and gasification is the generation of aqueous waste streams containing phenolics and carcinogenic organics such as polynuclear aromatics. Oxidation in supercritical water (SCW) is an emerging technology for the ultimate destruction of phenolics and other organics in waste water streams. SCW oxidation involves the oxidation of organics in an aqueous medium at temperatures between 400--650 C and pressures around 250 atm. These conditions exceed the thermodynamic critical point of water, hence the water is said to be supercritical. Wastes can be converted by SCWO to benign products: carbon is converted to CO2, hydrogen to H2O, and nitrogen to N2 or N2O (but not NO(subscript x)). The objective of this project is to oxidize selected phenolics in SCW and then determine the reaction kinetics (rate constants, reaction orders, activation energies) and the reaction pathways. These reaction fundamentals can then be used to evaluate, design, optimize, and control coal-conversion waste water treatment processes based on SCWO.
Book Synopsis Treatment of Coal-conversion Wastewater with the Powdered Activated Carbon-contact Stabilization Activated-sludge Process. First Semiannual Technical Progress Report, August 1, 1980-January 31, 1981 by :
Download or read book Treatment of Coal-conversion Wastewater with the Powdered Activated Carbon-contact Stabilization Activated-sludge Process. First Semiannual Technical Progress Report, August 1, 1980-January 31, 1981 written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The treatment of coal conversion wastewaters has traditionally been accomplished through the use of the activated sludge process and its various modifications. General observations have been that phenol was degraded efficiently; however, very poor removal efficiencies of thiocyanate, cyanide, and ammonia were obtained. The addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) to the activated sludge process has been reported to result in a number of distinct advantages. Generally, however, improving the effluent water quality beyond the capabilities of conventional biological treatment and enhancing the treatability of wastewaters that inhibit or toxify biological treatment systems are the primary objectives of utilizing PAC in secondary biological treatment. The focus of the present research project is to assess the effectiveness of the powdered activated carbon-contact stabilization activated sludge process in the treatment of a coking wastewater. The purpose of the contact tank in such a process will be to provide sufficient time for the adsorbable constituents of the coking wastewater to adsorb onto the PAC. The liquor leaving the contact tank is then clarified with the concentratrated underflow receiving treatment in the stabilization tank. After stabilization the sludge is returned to the contact tank. The clarifier supernatant is then nitrified in an activated sludge-type nitrification process and the nitrified effluent is subsequently denitrified in an anoxic filter.
Book Synopsis Molecular Catalytic Coal Liquid Conversion. Quarterly Status Report, July 1995-September 1995 by :
Download or read book Molecular Catalytic Coal Liquid Conversion. Quarterly Status Report, July 1995-September 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Supercritical Catalysts of Light Hydrocarbon Conversion. DOE PETC Eight Quarterly Report, July 1, 1995-September 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Supercritical Catalysts of Light Hydrocarbon Conversion. DOE PETC Eight Quarterly Report, July 1, 1995-September 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, April 1, 1995-June 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, April 1, 1995-June 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Supercritical Water Processing Technologies for Environment, Energy and Nanomaterial Applications by : Shuzhong Wang
Download or read book Supercritical Water Processing Technologies for Environment, Energy and Nanomaterial Applications written by Shuzhong Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-18 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically presents the technical aspects of supercritical water oxidation and supercritical water gasification for energy and environmental applications, which include reactor design, construction materials, corrosion, salt precipitation, etc. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the properties of supercritical water, and the industrial applications, reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetics of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and supercritical water gasification (SCWG). The reactions occurring in supercritical water are complex, and studying their reaction mechanisms is of great importance for the development of supercritical water processing technologies. Accordingly, the book explains the oxidative mechanisms and kinetics of organic matter in supercritical water in detail. However, the harsh reaction conditions in supercritical water can easily create severe reactor corrosion and salt deposition problems. Therefore, the book also comprehensively reports on the mechanism analysis, state of research, and development trends regarding these two problems. Lastly, the book summarizes the development of supercritical water processing technologies, including studies on SCWO and SCWG, as well as near-zero-emission systems of pollutants based on SCWO technology. In short, the book provides a wealth of valuable information for all readers who are interested in using SCWO for organic waste treatment, and in using SCWG for hydrogen production with wet biomass.
Book Synopsis Advanced Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1, 1995-June 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Advanced Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1, 1995-June 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
