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Coal Char Structure And Its Influence On Char Gas Reactions During Pulverized Coal Injection In The Blast Furnace
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Book Synopsis Coal/char Structure and Its Influence on Char/gas Reactions During Pulverized Coal Injection in the Blast Furnace by : Liming Lu
Download or read book Coal/char Structure and Its Influence on Char/gas Reactions During Pulverized Coal Injection in the Blast Furnace written by Liming Lu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Coal Handbook written by Dave Osborne and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-03-30 with total page 805 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Coal Handbook: Towards Cleaner Coal Utilization, Volume Two, Second Edition provides authoritative insights on a variety of case studies to help the reader identify the most appropriate technologies to take coal, and its associated by-products, into a cleaner environment, one with integrated energy systems. Editor Dave Osborne and his team of expert contributors combine their expertise to highlight the future direction of coal utilization towards more efficient and clean use of coal. Key emerging topics such as the cleanest ways to deal with coal waste and emission reduction are covered alongside a selection of case studies from various countries.This edition includes two brand new chapters on technology variants and systems, including hybrid systems and advanced CO2 abatement strategies. With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, this book is a comprehensive and invaluable resource for professionals in the coal mining, preparation and utilization industry. Reflects the latest knowledge on the social and economic value of coal, emissions from coal utilization, and the handling, impact and utilization of coal waste Explores emerging and future issues around industrial coal utilization, with a strong focus on sustainability Highlights coal resources, production and uses in established markets such as the USA and Europe, as well as emerging markets in Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, Indonesia and China Includes two brand new chapters on Hybrid Technologies and Advanced CO2 Abatement Strategies
Book Synopsis The Coal Handbook: Towards Cleaner Production by : Dave Osborne
Download or read book The Coal Handbook: Towards Cleaner Production written by Dave Osborne and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal remains an important fossil fuel resource for many nations due to its large remaining resources, relatively low production and processing cost and potential high energy intensity. Certain issues surround its utilisation, however, including emissions of pollutants and growing concern about climate change. The coal handbook: Towards cleaner production Volume 2 explores global coal use in industry. Part one is an introductory section which reviews the social and economic value of coal, emissions from coal utilisation, the handling, impact and utilisation of coal waste, and an exploration of emerging and future issues around industrial coal utilization. Chapters in part two highlight coal resources, production and use in established markets as well as the emerging markets of Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, Indonesia, and China. Part three focuses specifically on coal utilisation in industry. Chapters consider thermal coal utilisation, coal use in iron and steel metallurgy, advances in pulverised fuel technology, and the evaluation of coal for thermal and metallurgical applications. Further chapters explore coal utilisation in the cement and concrete industries, coal gasification and conversion, and value-in-use assessment for thermal and metallurgical coal. A final chapter summarises the anticipated future pathway towards sustainable, long-term coal use, suggesting transitions that will be needed to ensure cleaner utilisation for many decades to come. With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, The coal handbook Volumes 1 and 2 is a comprehensive and invaluable resource for professionals in the coal mining, preparation, and utilisation industry, those in the power sector, including plant operators and engineers, and researchers and academics interested in this field. Reviews the social and economic value of coal, emissions from coal utilisation, and the handling, impact and utilisation of coal waste Explores emerging and future issues around industrial coal utilization Highlights coal resources, production and use in established markets, as well as emerging markets such as Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, Indonesia, and China
Book Synopsis TRP0033 - PCI Coal Combustion Behavior and Residual Coal Char Carryover in the Blast Furnace of 3 American Steel Companies During Pulverized Coal Injection (PCI) at High Rates by :
Download or read book TRP0033 - PCI Coal Combustion Behavior and Residual Coal Char Carryover in the Blast Furnace of 3 American Steel Companies During Pulverized Coal Injection (PCI) at High Rates written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combustion behavior of pulverized coals (PC), gasification and thermal annealing of cokes were investigated under controlled environments. Physical and chemical properties of PCI, coke and carbon residues of blast furnace dust/sludge samples were characterized. The strong influence of carbon structure and minerals on PCI reactivity was demonstrated. A technique to characterize char carryover in off gas emissions was established.
Book Synopsis Advanced Pulverized Coal Injection Technology and Blast Furnace Operation by : K. Ishii
Download or read book Advanced Pulverized Coal Injection Technology and Blast Furnace Operation written by K. Ishii and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-11-10 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to reduce the cost of running blast furnaces (BFs), injected pulverized coal is used rather than coke to fire BFs. As a result of this, unburned fine materials are blown with the gas into the bosh and dead man areas with possible detrimental effects on gas flow and permeability of the coke column. The capacity of the furnace to consume these particles by solution loss is probably one of the limitations to coal injection. It is, therefore, important to understand the physicochemical and aerodynamic behaviour of fines including the change of in-furnace phenomena. The Committee of Pulverized Coal Combustion and In-Furnace Reaction in BF was set up in 1993 as a cooperative research of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and the Iron and Steel Institute (ISIJ) to evaluate research initiative into this problem. This book reports on the JSPS/ISIJ Committee's activities and describes the interpretation of findings drawn from combustion experiments and the results of live furnace applications, and furnace performance.
Author :Ahsan Faraz Hadi Publisher :Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada ISBN 13 :9780494022573 Total Pages :186 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (225 download)
Book Synopsis Characterization and Reactivity of Carbonaceous Materials Injected in the Ironmaking Blast Furnace [microform] by : Ahsan Faraz Hadi
Download or read book Characterization and Reactivity of Carbonaceous Materials Injected in the Ironmaking Blast Furnace [microform] written by Ahsan Faraz Hadi and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2005 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coke production is expensive and requires stringent environmental controls. Pulverized coal injection (PCI) is effective in reducing blast furnace coke consumption however when injected at high rates it can lead to the accumulation of unburnt char. This study consisted of an investigation of four different North American coals, Fording, Thacker, Chisholm, and Pinnacle together with Japanese Cypress wood chips charred at various temperatures for different times in order to establish a fundamental understanding of the relationships between char structure and its influence on char reactivity. It was found that as char crystallinity increased, its reactivity decreased. Fording char was found to be 67% more reactive than Pinnacle char, and 47% more reactive than Thacker char. Graphite was the least reactive of the samples tested. On the other hand, Japanese Cypress contained a small amount of hydrogen and considerable oxygen, and formed nongraphitizing char structures that were highly reactive.
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ironmaking Conference Proceedings by :
Download or read book Ironmaking Conference Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 908 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Structure and Reaction Processes of Coal by : K.Lee Smith
Download or read book The Structure and Reaction Processes of Coal written by K.Lee Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded on the work of the renowned Advanced Combustion Engineering Research Center, the authors document and integrate current knowledge of the organic and inorganic structure of coal and its reaction processes. With the urgent need for cleaner, more efficient use of this worldwide fuel, their work will set a clear course for future research.
Download or read book ISIJ International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Char Formation, Transportation and Consumption in the Blast Furnace and Its Impact on Coke Rate (Charfoco) by :
Download or read book Char Formation, Transportation and Consumption in the Blast Furnace and Its Impact on Coke Rate (Charfoco) written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, blast furnace coal injection research mainly focused on combustion of injection coal in the raceway. However, it could be assumed that coal is anyway not able to fully combust, particularly at high injection rates, and unburnt residues leave the raceway as char. The char evolution and subsequent consumption depends on the raceway characteristics, which depend on coal conversion. Both groups of factors were investigated with conversion tests, as well as raceway measurements. Generally, the char evolution is seen to manifest itself as a negative impact, but this may depend on the blast furnace conditions and injection coal characteristics. Char effects might deteriorate the blast furnace operation and stability (i.e. lower burden permeability or higher carbon losses in the flue dust). Nonetheless, char could also be advantageous by contributing toward the increase in coke reactivity thereby lowering the thermal reserve zone temperature. It was shown that the coal combustion highly depends on coal grain size and only marginally on oxygen enrichment. Effects of oxygen enrichment on maximum coal injection rate might be more related to char consumption, rather than coal conversion. Despite low conversion of granular coal under blast furnace raceway simulation conditions, granular coal injection is possible at high rates, obviously due to its consumption outside the raceway. Blast furnace operation experience with coals, like operational benefits or transport behaviour could be confirmed. Char impact on ferrous burden behaviour highly depends on temperature and gas composition and is difficult to predict from the performed tests. Several raceway measurement techniques were successfully developed and applied at pilot scale and at a real blast furnace. Raceway size, temperature and changes in the gas composition could be shown. The raceway size depends on the location of the tuyère in relation to blast inlet and tap hole and changes significantly over time, indicating raceway collapses. Gas and temperature measurements of the BF interior were performed: New insights regarding the impact of high coal injection rates on the blast furnace inner state were gained by gas and temperature measurements of the blast furnace inside and confirmed with mathematical modelling.
Book Synopsis Injectant Coal Gasification, Char Formation and Char Utilisation at High Injection Rates by : European Communities
Download or read book Injectant Coal Gasification, Char Formation and Char Utilisation at High Injection Rates written by European Communities and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this project was to carry out an integrated laboratory, pilot and plant scale investigation of injectant coal gasification, char formation and properties, the effect of char on melting zone behaviour and the utilisation of char in terms of top gas dust carryover at high levels of injection. Laboratory-scale studies undertaken by Corus and Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medecine (ICSTM), focused on the degree of burnout of injectant coals, morphology and reactivity of resultant chars and an evaluation of the potential for the formation of soot precursors. Extents of gasification were related to parent coal properties and correlations between char morphology and parent coal VM content were established. The experiments also determined rates of particle mass loss under the variety of conditions that exist within the coal injection plume and made a significant contribution to the understanding of how and where volatiles are released and whether chars will be completely gasified. Centra Sviluppo Materiali (CSM) concentrated on the influence of char particles on the rheological properties of the ferrous materials in the blast furnace burden. Laboratory-scale tests under simulated blast furnace conditions on mixtures of ferrous burden, coke and char were conducted in the SMEDRA (Softening MElting DRipping Apparatus). The presence of char in the ferrous materials caused changes to the extent of initial dripping and to the starting temperature of this phenomenon. These changes correlated to the amount of char added and to the characteristics of the parent coal (the VM content and whether pulverised or granular grade) and would affect the position and the shape of the melting zone in the blast furnace. At the plant scale , ThyssenKrupp Stahl sampled blast furnaces operating with coal injection and characterised the dust collected. Tests were carried out based on the knowledge that increased graphitisation of carbon occurs with rising temperature, allowing the source of the carbon to be identified. With a new analytical method, Microwave-Assisted Dissolution, it was possible to exactly quantify the smallest quantities of graphite in top gas dust. The amount of dust discharged through the furnace top was largely determined by the percentage of non-carbonaceous components, but a clear correlation between the quantity of discharged dust and the quantity of carbonaceous components was also found. The findings also indicated that the carbon in the dust from the centre of the furnace comes mainly from ungasified injectant coal char.
Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Structure and Reactivity of Coals for Injection During Blast Furnace Ironmaking by : Jonathan Chen
Download or read book An Investigation of the Structure and Reactivity of Coals for Injection During Blast Furnace Ironmaking written by Jonathan Chen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more efficient combustion of coal an understanding of the physical and chemical properties of char is required. In this study the effects of pyrolysis conditions on the chemical and physical properties of several North American coals were examined. Chars were prepared in conditions similar to those experienced in the blast furnace during pulverized coal injection. Amorphous fraction and average crystallite height were determined using a quantitative X-ray diffraction technique. Chemical reactivity was measured in terms of intrinsic reactivity. It can be concluded that coals most suitable for pulverized injection in the blast furnace will possess a specific chemical/physical profile as represented by the following parameters: a high and stable amorphous fraction of carbon during pyrolysis and a high reactivity. The effects of a chemical enhancer containing copper sulfate and boric acid were also examined and it is suggested that this addition lowered the ignition temperature and accelerated coal pyrolysis.
Book Synopsis Pulverized Coal Combustion by : Stanley Singer
Download or read book Pulverized Coal Combustion written by Stanley Singer and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 1984 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mineral Matter Effects on Char Structural Evolution and Oxidation Kinetics During Coal Char Combustion by :
Download or read book Mineral Matter Effects on Char Structural Evolution and Oxidation Kinetics During Coal Char Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors report on recent investigations of the evolution of char structure during carbon burnout and the role of mineral matter in determining this structure. Char samples collected in a carefully controlled laminar, flame-supported entrained flow reactor have been characterized using a number of microscopy tools. Observations of the inorganic structure of chars produced at a variety of combustion conditions are coupled with in-situ optical measurements of the char particle population with an eye towards identifying the mechanism of mineral interaction and its effects on carbon burnout kinetics during pulverized coal char combustion. Preliminary results show a surprising amount of inorganic mineral in solid solution with the carbonaceous matrix. This intimate mixing of organic and inorganic constituents may affect reactivity by both blocking oxygen access to active carbon sites and influencing the microscopic carbon structure that evolves during combustion.
Book Synopsis Influence of Sulfur in Coals on Char Morphology and Combustion by :
Download or read book Influence of Sulfur in Coals on Char Morphology and Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During coal carbonization (pyrolysis), as during the combustion process of pulverized coal in a combustor, not all of the sulfur is released. Significant proportions become pat of the structure of the resultant coke and char. The combustion process of the char within the flames of the combustor in influenced dominantly by char morphology. This, in turn, controls the accessibility of oxidizing gases to the surfaces of the carbonaceous substance of the char. Mineral matter content, its extent and state of distribution, also exerts an influence on char morphology created during pyrolysis/carbonization. This complexity of coal renders it a very difficult material to study, systematically, to distinguish and separate out the contributing factors which influence combustion characteristics. Therefore, in such circumstances, it is necessary to simplify the systems by making use of model chars/cokes/carbons which can be made progressively more complex, but in a controlled way. In this way complicating influence in chars from coals can be eliminated, so enabling specific influences to be studied independently. It is important to note that preliminary work by Marsh and Gryglewicz (1990) indicated that levels of sulfur of about 3 to 5 wt % can reduce reactivities by 10 to 25%. The overall purpose of the study is to provide meaningful kinetic data to establish, quantitatively, the influence of organically-bound sulfur on the reactivity of carbons, and to ascertain if gasification catalysts are effective in the preferential removal of sulfur from the chars.
Book Synopsis Evolution of Char Chemistry, Crystallinity, and Ultrafine Structure During Pulverized-coal Combustion by :
Download or read book Evolution of Char Chemistry, Crystallinity, and Ultrafine Structure During Pulverized-coal Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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