Classical Social Contract Theory

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Classical Social Contract Theory

Author : Sebastian Erckel
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 364032739X
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Classical Social Contract Theory by : Sebastian Erckel

Download or read book Classical Social Contract Theory written by Sebastian Erckel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Politics - Political Theory and the History of Ideas Journal, grade: 80%= good, University of Kerala (Department of Political Science), course: Political Theory- Liberal Tradition, language: English, abstract: This essay compares the classical social contract theories of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau. Different perceptions of the state of nature resulted in different ideas about the social contract and its emphasis on either security (Hobbes), individual rights (Locke) or the collective freedom of Rousseau's general will. Political philosophy is believed to have started with Plato's "Republic", the first known sophisticated analysis of a fundamental question that humans have probably been concerned with much longer: how should human society be organised, i.e. who should rule and why? Plato believed that ruling required special training and skills and should therefore be left to an aristocracy of guardians who had received extensive training. While the notion that ruling requires expertise can hardly be denied there is also agreement among most philosophers that whoever qualifies for the job of ruling needs to do so with the interest of the people in mind. But what is the interest of the people and how can it be discovered? According to Plato, a necessary precondition for rulers is wisdom and that is why he wanted his guardians to be especially trained in philosophy. One may think that the people themselves should know what is best for them but somewhat surprisingly this idea has been rejected not just by Plato but also by many philosophers following him. Another approach is to link rule on Earth to a mandate received from a divine Creator. However, even the idea that humans could not exist without a government has been questioned, most notably by anarchism. Thus, the question of how political rule, the power to make decisions for others, could be justified is an essential one. Only legitimate rule creates obligation and without o

The Social Contract Theorists

Author : Christopher W. Morris
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN 13 : 058511403X
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (851 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Contract Theorists by : Christopher W. Morris

Download or read book The Social Contract Theorists written by Christopher W. Morris and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reader introduces students of philosophy and politics to the contemporary critical literature on the classical social contract theorists: Thomas Hobbes (1599-1697), John Locke (1632-1704), and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778). Twelve thoughtfully selected essays guide students through the texts, familiarizing them with key elements of the theory, while at the same time introducing them to current scholarly controversies. A bibliography of additional work is provided. The classical social contract theorists represent one of the two or three most important modern traditions in political thought. Their ideas dominated political debates in Europe and North America in the 17th and 18th centuries, influencing political thinkers, statesmen, constitution makers, revolutionaries, and other political actors alike. Debates during the French Revolution and the early history of the American Republic were often conducted in the language of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. Later political philosophy can only be understood against this backdrop. And the contemporary revival of contractarian moral and political thought, represented by John Rawls' A Theory of Justice (1971) or David GauthierOs Morals by Agreement (1986), needs to be appreciated in the history of this tradition.

Social Contract

Author : Michael Harry Lessnoff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Contract by : Michael Harry Lessnoff

Download or read book Social Contract written by Michael Harry Lessnoff and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Social Contract from Hobbes to Rawls

Author : David Boucher
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134839685
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Contract from Hobbes to Rawls by : David Boucher

Download or read book The Social Contract from Hobbes to Rawls written by David Boucher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2004. WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE SOCIAL CONTRACT IN MODERN POLITICAL THOUGHT? The concept of a social contract has been central to political thought since the seventeenth century. Contract theory has been used to justify political authority, to account for the origins of the state, and to provide foundations for moral values and the creation of a just society. In The Social Contract from Hobbes to Rawls, leading scholars from Britain and America survey the history of contractarian thought and the major debates in political theory which surround the notion of the social contract. The book examines the critical reception to the ideas of thinkers including Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Hegel and Marx, and includes the more contemporary ideas of John Rawls and David Gauthier. It also incorporates discussions of international relations theory and feminist responses to contractarianism. Together, the essays provide a comprehensive introduction to theories and critiques of the social contract within a broad political theoretical framework.

A Theory of Justice

Author : John RAWLS
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674042603
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis A Theory of Justice by : John RAWLS

Download or read book A Theory of Justice written by John RAWLS and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though the revised edition of A Theory of Justice, published in 1999, is the definitive statement of Rawls's view, so much of the extensive literature on Rawls's theory refers to the first edition. This reissue makes the first edition once again available for scholars and serious students of Rawls's work.

The Social Contract and its contentious role for Rawls's 'Theory of Justice'

Author : Jan Kercher
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638263355
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Contract and its contentious role for Rawls's 'Theory of Justice' by : Jan Kercher

Download or read book The Social Contract and its contentious role for Rawls's 'Theory of Justice' written by Jan Kercher and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2004-03-24 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject Politics - Political Theory and the History of Ideas Journal, grade: A (85%), University of British Columbia (Department for Political Science), course: Modern Political Thought: John Rawls and his Critics, language: English, abstract: In “A Theory of Justice” (Rawls, 1971), John Rawls tries to develop a conception of justice that is based on a social contract. His approach, doubtlessly, led to a revival of the contract theory in modern political theory. However, his peculiar conception of a hypothetical contract has also evoked a wave of severe criticism. Some of his critics settle for condemning special features of Rawls’s contractual concept, while others maintain that Rawls’s theory is, in effect, no real contract theory. In this paper, I will therefore focus on two research questions: Is Rawls’s theory a genuine contract theory at all? If yes, does the contract play a crucial role in this theory or is there a preferable alternative available to Rawls?

The Social Contract

Author : Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788483728529
Total Pages : 634 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (285 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Contract by : Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Download or read book The Social Contract written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Towards a Natural Social Contract

Author : Patrick Huntjens
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030671305
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Towards a Natural Social Contract by : Patrick Huntjens

Download or read book Towards a Natural Social Contract written by Patrick Huntjens and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is a 2022 Nautilus Gold Medal winner in the category "World Cultures' Transformational Growth & Development". It states that the societal fault lines of our times are deeply intertwined and that they confront us with challenges affecting the security, fairness and sustainability of our societies. The author, Prof. Dr. Patrick Huntjens, argues that overcoming these existential challenges will require a fundamental shift from our current anthropocentric and economic growth-oriented approach to a more ecocentric and regenerative approach. He advocates for a Natural Social Contract that emphasizes long-term sustainability and the general welfare of both humankind and planet Earth. Achieving this crucial balance calls for an end to unlimited economic growth, overconsumption and over-individualisation for the benefit of ourselves, our planet, and future generations. To this end, sustainability, health, and justice in all social-ecological systems will require systemic innovation and prioritizing a collective effort. The Transformative Social-Ecological Innovation (TSEI) framework presented in this book serves that cause. It helps to diagnose and advance innovation and spur change across sectors, disciplines, and at different levels of governance. Altogether, TSEI identifies intervention points and formulates jointly developed and shared solutions to inform policymakers, administrators, concerned citizens, and professionals dedicated towards a more sustainable, healthy and just society. A wide readership of students, researchers, practitioners and policy makers interested in social innovation, transition studies, development studies, social policy, social justice, climate change, environmental studies, political science and economics will find this cutting-edge book particularly useful. “As a sustainability transition researcher, I am truly excited about this book. Two unique aspects of the book are that it considers bigger transformation issues (such as societies’ relationship with nature, purpose and justice) than those studied in transition studies and offers analytical frameworks and methods for taking up the challenge of achieving change on the ground.” - Prof. Dr. René Kemp, United Nations University and Maastricht Sustainability Institute

The Social Contract

Author : Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Publisher : Barnes & Noble
ISBN 13 : 9780760770214
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Contract by : Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Download or read book The Social Contract written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau and published by Barnes & Noble. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jean-Jacques Rousseau's ideas about society, culture, and government are pivotal in the history of political thought. His works are as controversial as they are relevant today. This volume brings together three of Rousseau's most important political writings -- The Social Contract and The First Discourse (Discourse on the Sciences and Arts) and The Second Discourse (Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality) -- and presents essays by major scholars that shed light on the dimensions and implications of these texts. Susan Dunn's introductory essay underlines the unity of Rousseau's political thought and explains why his ideas influenced Jacobin revolutionaries in France but repelled American revolutionaries across the ocean. Gita May's essay discusses Rousseau as cultural critic. Robert N. Bellah explores Rousseau's attempt to resolve the tension between the individual's desire for freedom and the obligations that society imposes. David Bromwich analyzes Rousseau as a psychologist of the human self. And Conor Cruise O'Brien takes on the "noxious, " "deranged" Rousseau, excoriated by Edmund Burke but admired by Robespierre and Thomas Jefferson. Written from different, even opposing perspectives, these lucid essays convey a sense of the vital and contentious debate surrounding Rousseau and his legacy.

Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World

Author : Ryan Muldoon
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1134793545
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World by : Ryan Muldoon

Download or read book Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World written by Ryan Muldoon and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-10-14 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very diverse societies pose real problems for Rawlsian models of public reason. This is for two reasons: first, public reason is unable accommodate diverse perspectives in determining a regulative ideal. Second, regulative ideals are unable to respond to social change. While models based on public reason focus on the justification of principles, this book suggests that we need to orient our normative theories more toward discovery and experimentation. The book develops a unique approach to social contract theory that focuses on diverse perspectives. It offers a new moral stance that author Ryan Muldoon calls, "The View From Everywhere," which allows for substantive, fundamental moral disagreement. This stance is used to develop a bargaining model in which agents can cooperate despite seeing different perspectives. Rather than arguing for an ideal contract or particular principles of justice, Muldoon outlines a procedure for iterated revisions to the rules of a social contract. It expands Mill's conception of experiments in living to help form a foundational principle for social contract theory. By embracing this kind of experimentation, we move away from a conception of justice as an end state, and toward a conception of justice as a trajectory. Listen to Robert Talisse interview Ryan Muldoon about Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World on the podcast, New Books in Philosophy: http://tinyurl.com/j9oq324 Also, read Ryan Muldoon’s related Niskanen Center article, "Diversity and Disagreement are the Solution, Not the Problem," published Jan. 10, 2017: https://niskanencenter.org/blog/diversity-disagreement-solution-not-problem/

The Social Contract

Author : Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN 13 : 9781461183778
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Contract by : Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Download or read book The Social Contract written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jean-Jacques Rousseau's (1712–1778) political philosophy heavily influenced the French Revolution, as well as the American Revolution and the overall development of modern political, sociological and educational thought in particular through his book “The social contract”, published in 1762. This monumental work is part of the family of older, major writings on social contract theory by Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) and John Locke (1632-1704).Rousseau compares the social contract to an "act of association" whereby there is reciprocal commitment between the state and the individual. The individuals as citizens share sovereign power, but as subjects put themselves under the laws of the state. Rousseau also defines government as one of the principal actors: it is an intermediary body between the subjects and the state with the main tasks of executing the laws and preserving civil and political freedom.Rousseau's social contract was an idea in advance of its time and continues to attract the interest of social scientists, and new interpretations of the social contract are being developed, such as in game theory. For all Rousseau's fame, it is ironic that “The social contract” was banned at the time of its publication, both in Geneva and France (admittedly for religious reasons) and that Rousseau had to flee to avoid arrest.

A Treatise on the Social Compact

Author : Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis A Treatise on the Social Compact by : Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Download or read book A Treatise on the Social Compact written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau and published by . This book was released on 1764 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Game Theory and the Social Contract

Author : Ken Binmore
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Game Theory and the Social Contract by : Ken Binmore

Download or read book Game Theory and the Social Contract written by Ken Binmore and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Social Contract and Political Obligation

Author : Peter J. McCormick
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000706575
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Contract and Political Obligation by : Peter J. McCormick

Download or read book Social Contract and Political Obligation written by Peter J. McCormick and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1987. This study is concerned with the problem of political obligation, the normative question of why one should obey the law, and with social contract thought as an answer to this question. It is entitled a critique, but the critique is not of social contract theory as such, but rather of the "orthodox" treatment of contract that yields so readily to the rough handling and easy rejection that is the normal lot of contractarianism in contemporary treatments. In its place will be suggested a reinterpretation of contract that sees it as making different assumptions and requiring different premises, and that is proof against many of the orthodox refutations of social contract theory; the reinterpretation is thus in the nature of a vindication. First, from an examination of the most commonly cited champions of contractarianism (namely Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau) will be derive a reinterpretation of contract in the form of a new model or syllogism, the features of which will be brought out by contrasting it first with the contemporary ideas of John Rawls and then with the orthodox model itself. Democratic consent theory, as the heir to the remnants of the orthodox model, will be examined, and the ideas of T. H. Green will be considered as embodying an important feature of contractarianism omitted or ignored by the orthodox model (and hence by democratic theory.) Finally, the new model of contract will be suggested as a potentially useful approach to the problem of political obligation in the modern context. This title will be of interest to student of politics and philosophy.

The Limits of Hobbesian Contractarianism

Author : Jody S. Kraus
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521449724
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis The Limits of Hobbesian Contractarianism by : Jody S. Kraus

Download or read book The Limits of Hobbesian Contractarianism written by Jody S. Kraus and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the most comprehensive, rigorous critique of contemporary Hobbesian contractarianism as expounded in the work of Jean Hampton, Gregory Kavka, and David Gauthier. Professor Kraus argues that the attempts by these three philosophers to use Hobbes to answer current political and moral questions fail. The reasons why they fail are related to fundamental problems intrinsic to Hobbesian contractarianism: first, the problem of collective action arising out of the tension in Hobbes' theory between individual and collective rationality; second, the classical problem of explaining the normative force of hypothetical action, a problem that can be traced to the conflicting strategies of hypothetical justification found in Rawls' and Hobbes' theories. Given the deep interest in Hobbesian contractarianism among philosophers, political theorists, game theorists in economics and political science, and legal theorists, this book is likely to attract wide attention and infuse new life into the contractarian debate.

Modern Social Contract Theory

Author : Albert Weale
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192594990
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Social Contract Theory by : Albert Weale

Download or read book Modern Social Contract Theory written by Albert Weale and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Social Contract Theory provides an exposition and evaluation of major work in social contract theory from 1950 to the present. It locates the central themes of that theory in the intellectual legacy of utilitarianism, particularly the problems of defining principles of justice and of showing the grounds of moral obligation. It demonstrates how theorists responded in a novel way to the dilemmas articulated in utilitarianism, developing in their different approaches a constructivist method in ethics, a method that aimed to vindicate a liberal, democratic and just political order. A distinctive feature of the book is its comparative approach. By placing the works of Barry, Buchanan and Tullock, Harsanyi, Gauthier, Grice, Rawls, and Scanlon alongside one another, similarities and differences are brought out, most notably in the way in which principles are derived by each author from the contractual construction as well as the extent to which the obligation to adopt those principles can be rationally grounded. Each theory is placed in its particular intellectual context. Special attention is paid to the contrasting theories of rationality adopted by the different authors, whether that be utility theory or a deliberative conception of rationality, with the intention of assessing how far the principles advanced can be justified by reference to the hypothetical choices of rational contracting agents. The book concludes with a discussion of some principal objections to the enterprise of contract theory, and offers its own programme for the future of that theory taking the form of the empirical method.

Contract Theory in Historical Context

Author : Deborah Baumgold
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004184252
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Contract Theory in Historical Context by : Deborah Baumgold

Download or read book Contract Theory in Historical Context written by Deborah Baumgold and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays carefully show that classic social-contract theory was an ancien regime genre. Far more than is commonly realized, the local horizon was built into Hobbes s and Locke s theories and the genre drew on the absolutism of Bodin and Grotius.