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Class Conflict And Sectarianism
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Book Synopsis Class Conflict and Sectarianism by : Henry Patterson
Download or read book Class Conflict and Sectarianism written by Henry Patterson and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Belfast's Protestant working class has raised numerous problems for historians. Why should the most industrially developed part of Ireland, far from being the centre of conflict, have been what James Connolly called 'the happy hunting ground of the slave driver and the home of the least rebellious slaves in the industrial world'? Many observers have taken the Protestant working class to be dupes of the Orange Order, but in this important analysis of the effects of Orangeism and Unionism on Belfast's political life, Henry Patterson argues that the real strength of Orangeism lay not simply in it.
Book Synopsis Sectarian Politics in the Gulf by : Frederic M. Wehrey
Download or read book Sectarian Politics in the Gulf written by Frederic M. Wehrey and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-17 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of Foreign Policy's Best Five Books of 2013, chosen by Marc Lynch of The Middle East Channel Beginning with the 2003 invasion of Iraq and concluding with the aftermath of the 2011 Arab uprisings, Frederic M. Wehrey investigates the roots of the Shi'a-Sunni divide now dominating the Persian Gulf's political landscape. Focusing on three Gulf states affected most by sectarian tensions—Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait—Wehrey identifies the factors that have exacerbated or tempered sectarianism, including domestic political institutions, the media, clerical establishments, and the contagion effect of external regional events, such as the Iraq war, the 2006 Lebanon conflict, the Arab uprisings, and Syria's civil war. In addition to his analysis, Wehrey builds a historical narrative of Shi'a activism in the Arab Gulf since 2003, linking regional events to the development of local Shi'a strategies and attitudes toward citizenship, political reform, and transnational identity. He finds that, while the Gulf Shi'a were inspired by their coreligionists in Iraq, Iran, and Lebanon, they ultimately pursued greater rights through a nonsectarian, nationalist approach. He also discovers that sectarianism in the region has largely been the product of the institutional weaknesses of Gulf states, leading to excessive alarm by entrenched Sunni elites and calculated attempts by regimes to discredit Shi'a political actors as proxies for Iran, Iraq, or Lebanese Hizballah. Wehrey conducts interviews with nearly every major Shi'a leader, opinion shaper, and activist in the Gulf Arab states, as well as prominent Sunni voices, and consults diverse Arabic-language sources.
Download or read book Sectarianization written by Nader Hashemi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the Middle East descends ever deeper into violence and chaos, 'sectarianism' has become a catch-all explanation for the region's troubles. The turmoil is attributed to 'ancient sectarian differences', putatively primordial forces that make violent conflict intractable. In media and policy discussions, sectarianism has come to possess trans-historical causal power. This book trenchantly challenges the lazy use of 'sectarianism' as a magic-bullet explanation for the region's ills, focusing on how various conflicts in the Middle East have morphed from non-sectarian (or cross-sectarian) and nonviolent movements into sectarian wars. Through multiple case studies -- including Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Yemen and Kuwait -- this book maps the dynamics of sectarianisation, exploring not only how but also why it has taken hold. The contributors examine the constellation of forces -- from those within societies to external factors such as the Saudi-Iran rivalry -- that drive the sectarianisation process and explore how the region's politics can be de-sectarianised. Featuring leading scholars -- and including historians, anthropologists, political scientists and international relations theorists -- this book will redefine the terms of debate on one of the most critical issues in international affairs today.
Book Synopsis Everyday Sectarianism in Urban Lebanon by : Joanne Randa Nucho
Download or read book Everyday Sectarianism in Urban Lebanon written by Joanne Randa Nucho and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-22 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What causes violent conflicts around the Middle East? All too often, the answer is sectarianism—popularly viewed as a timeless and intractable force that leads religious groups to conflict. In Everyday Sectarianism in Urban Lebanon, Joanne Nucho shows how wrong this perspective can be. Through in-depth research with local governments, NGOs, and political parties in Beirut, she demonstrates how sectarianism is actually recalibrated on a daily basis through the provision of essential services and infrastructures, such as electricity, medical care, credit, and the planning of bridges and roads. Taking readers to a working-class, predominantly Armenian suburb in northeast Beirut called Bourj Hammoud, Nucho conducts extensive interviews and observations in medical clinics, social service centers, shops, banking coops, and municipal offices. She explores how group and individual access to services depends on making claims to membership in the dominant sectarian community, and she examines how sectarianism is not just tied to ethnoreligious identity, but also class, gender, and geography. Life in Bourj Hammoud makes visible a broader pattern in which the relationships that develop while procuring basic needs become a way for people to see themselves as part of the greater public. Illustrating how sectarianism in Lebanon is not simply about religious identity, as is commonly thought, Everyday Sectarianism in Urban Lebanon offers a new look at how everyday social exchanges define and redefine communities and conflicts.
Book Synopsis Islam and Sectarian Violence in Pakistan by : Eamon Murphy
Download or read book Islam and Sectarian Violence in Pakistan written by Eamon Murphy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the growth of sectarian-based terrorist violence in Pakistan, one of the Muslim majority states most affected by sectarian violence, ever since it was established in 1947. Sectarian violence among Muslims has emerged as a major global security problem in recent years. The author argues that the upsurge in sectarian violence in Pakistan, particularly since the late 1970s, has had less to do with theological differences between the various sects of Islam, but is a consequence of the specific political, social, economic, demographic and cultural changes that have taken place in Pakistan since it was established as an independent state. A major theme of the book is the increasing violence, extent and expressions of sectarian conflict which have emerged as new forms of sectarian terrorism. The volume provides an in-depth empirical case study which addresses some major theoretical questions raised by Critical Terrorism Studies researchers in respect of the links between religion and sectarian terrorism in Pakistan and more widely. This book will be of much interest to students of critical terrorism studies, Asian politics and history, religious studies and International Relations in general.
Book Synopsis Sectarianism in the Middle East by : Heather M. Robinson
Download or read book Sectarianism in the Middle East written by Heather M. Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Present unrest in the Middle East has many causes and takes on many forms. A collective sense of disenfranchisement, inadequate governance, geopolitical discord, and religious extremism all contribute to the conflicts in Iraq, Iran, Syria, Yemen, and Libya. Many Western observers and policymakers view unrest in the Middle East through the lens of binary religious sectarianism, focusing on the divisions between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims. This split is most clearly articulated in the geopolitical competition between Saudi Arabia and Iran, and it plays out through violence in Iraq and Syria. But the complexities of human identity and of regional culture and history do not lend themselves to this arguably too-simplistic interpretation of the situation. The authors analyze sectarianism in the region, evaluate other factors that fan the flames of violent conflict, and suggest a different interpretation of both identity and the nature of regional unrest"--Back cover.
Book Synopsis Muslim-christian Conflicts by : Suad Joseph
Download or read book Muslim-christian Conflicts written by Suad Joseph and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-10 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does religion mean in people's daily lives? In what ways is it a component of ethnic identity? How do religious identities and structures relate to other social identities and structures and to political and economic institutions and behavior? How can Muslim-Christian relations be understood in the context of the emergence of the world capitalist system? These are some of the questions addressed by the authors of this volume. Their collective goal--growing out of a desire to understand the continuing war in Lebanon--is to study the circumstances under which religious differences become politically salient.
Book Synopsis Understanding 'Sectarianism' by : Fanar Haddad
Download or read book Understanding 'Sectarianism' written by Fanar Haddad and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Sectarianism" is one of the most over-discussed yet under-analyzed concepts in debates about the Middle East. Despite the deluge of commentary, there is no agreement on what "sectarianism" is. Is it a social issue, one of dogmatic incompatibility, a historic one or one purely related to modern power politics? Is it something innately felt or politically imposed? Is it a product of modernity or its antithesis? Is it a function of the nation-state or its negation? This book seeks to move the study of modern sectarian dynamics beyond these analytically paralyzing dichotomies by shifting the focus away from the meaningless '-ism' towards the root: sectarian identity. How are Sunni and Shi'a identities imagined, experienced and negotiated and how do they relate to and interact with other identities? Looking at the modern history of the Arab world, Haddad seeks to understand sectarian identity not as a monochrome frame of identification but as a multi-layered concept that operates on several dimensions: religious, subnational, national and transnational. Far from a uniquely Middle Eastern, Arab, or Islamic phenomenon, a better understanding of sectarian identity reveals that the many facets of sectarian relations that are misleadingly labelled "sectarianism" are echoed in intergroup relations worldwide.
Book Synopsis The Culture of Sectarianism by : Ussama Makdisi
Download or read book The Culture of Sectarianism written by Ussama Makdisi and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2000-07-03 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fresh interpretation of the development of sectarian identities and communal violence in Lebanon from the 1840s to the 1860s, challenging those who have viewed sectarian violence as an Islamic reaction against westernization or as the product of social and economic inequities among religious groups.
Book Synopsis The Flourishing of Islamic Reformism in Iran by : Seyed Mohammad Ali Taghavi
Download or read book The Flourishing of Islamic Reformism in Iran written by Seyed Mohammad Ali Taghavi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-11-26 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1940s and 1950s, Islamic reformism flourished in Iran. This book examines how Iranian Islamic groups came to rethink traditional accounts of religion and nurture a politicized version of Islam. The author shows how similar social and political circumstances, but different family and educational backgrounds gave rise to socialist, democratic/scientific and fundamentalist/militant reinterpretations of Islam. What was common among these groups was a tendency towards politicizing the religion. A significant contribution to discussions of contemporary political thought in Iran, this book will be of interest to researchers and academics of Islamic political though and Iranian politics and history.
Book Synopsis Secular Sectarianism by : Ajay Gudavarthy
Download or read book Secular Sectarianism written by Ajay Gudavarthy and published by Sage Publications Pvt. Limited. This book was released on 2019-11 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume premises that the struggle against hegemony of any kind can be successful only by questioning sectarianism in all its manifold forms.
Book Synopsis Bigotry, Football and Scotland by : John Flint
Download or read book Bigotry, Football and Scotland written by John Flint and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-30 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary analysis of sectarianism and bigotry in Scottish football Sectarianism and bigotry are among the most publicly debated issues in Scotland, often reported in the newspapers as the "e;shame"e; of Scotland's national game. The current crisis in Scottish football includes high profile controversies and disorder related to bigotry and sectarianism which resulted in new legislation to tackle offensive behaviour in and beyond football grounds. In this collection, contributors from a range of disciplinary positions present the latest empirical research evidence and social theory to examine and debate fundamental issues about bigotry in Scottish football and society. The topic has raised many questions. How should sectarianism and bigotry be defined and understood? What are the experiences and impacts of bigotry on different populations in Scotland? Are recent events unique or do they have historic precedents and contemporary comparisons beyond Scotland? What should be the response of government, football authorities, clubs, football supporters and other institutions and organisations in Scotland regarding legislation? What vision should we have for a future Scottish society and its diverse population? Bigotry, Football and Scotland will appeal to all those interested in Scotland's national game, the role of football in the 21st Century and how multicultural contemporary societies attempt to resolve prejudice and promote diversity.
Book Synopsis Arab Marxism and National Liberation by : Mahdi Amel
Download or read book Arab Marxism and National Liberation written by Mahdi Amel and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mahdi Amel (1936–87) was a prominent Arab Marxist thinker and Lebanese Communist Party member. This first-time English translation of his selected writings sheds light on his notable contributions to the study of capitalism in a colonial context.
Book Synopsis Struggle Or Starve by : Sean Mitchell
Download or read book Struggle Or Starve written by Sean Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of how thousands of Catholics and Protestants united to challenge poverty and unemployment in Belfast, Ireland.
Book Synopsis The Struggle for Iraq's Future by : Zaid Al-Ali
Download or read book The Struggle for Iraq's Future written by Zaid Al-Ali and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-18 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unbarred account of life in post-occupation Iraq and an assessment of the nation's prospects for the future
Book Synopsis Sectarianism in Iraq by : Fanar Haddad
Download or read book Sectarianism in Iraq written by Fanar Haddad and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-05-03 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viewing Iraq from the outside is made easier by compartmentalising its people (at least the Arabs among them) into Shi'as and Sunnis. But can such broad terms, inherently resistant to accurate quantification, description and definition, ever be a useful reflection of any society? If not, are we to discard the terms 'Shi'a' and 'Sunni' in seeking to understand Iraq? Or are we to deny their relevance and ignore them when considering Iraqi society? How are we to view the common Iraqi injunction that 'we are all brothers' or that 'we have no Shi'as and Sunnis' against the fact of sectarian civil war in 2006? Are they friends or enemies? Are they united or divided; indeed, are they Iraqis or are they Shi'as and Sunnis? Fanar Haddad provides the first comprehensive examination of sectarian relations and sectarian identities in Iraq. Rather than treating the subject by recourse to broad-based categorisation, his analysis recognises the inherent ambiguity of group identity. The salience of sectarian identity and views towards self and other are neither fixed nor constant; rather, they are part of a continuously fluctuating dynamic that sees the relevance of sectarian identity advancing and receding according to context and to wider socioeconomic and political conditions. What drives the salience of sectarian identity? How are sectarian identities negotiated in relation to Iraqi national identity and what role do sectarian identities play in the social and political lives of Iraqi Sunnis and Shi'as? These are some of the questions explored in this book with a particular focus on the two most significant turning points in modern Iraqi sectarian relations: the uprisings of March 1991 and the fall of the Ba'ath in 2003. Haddad explores how sectarian identities are negotiated and seeks finally to put to rest the alarmist and reductionist accounts that seek either to portray all things Iraqi in sectarian terms or to reduce sectarian identity to irrelevance.
Book Synopsis Imagining the Nation: Nationalism, Sectarianism and Socio-Political Conflict in Iraq by : Harith Al Qarawee
Download or read book Imagining the Nation: Nationalism, Sectarianism and Socio-Political Conflict in Iraq written by Harith Al Qarawee and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2012-04-05 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the statue of Saddam Hussein was pulled down in Baghdad's Firdous square, Iraq was entering a new phase of uncertainty. This is a country whose history has been shaped by foreign occupations, authoritarianism, wars and violence. Its identity was always a matter of controversy. The incompatibility between Iraq as a territorial entity and the various cultural identities of its population made it more difficult for Iraqis to imagine their 'Nation'. This Identity Problem has been made worse by a political power which has always based itself on the hegemony politics of exclusion. Through a long journey in the historical processes and socio-political conflicts, the author tells the story of a country devastated by its legacy, seeking to reconcile with itself and re-imagine its nationhood.
