Book Synopsis Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF). by :
Download or read book Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF). written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Download or read book Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF). written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Soren M. Jonsson
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781628087826
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (878 download)
Download or read book Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by Soren M. Jonsson and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides background and analyses on the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) which was created by executive order in 1951. As a result, the Departments of Commerce (DOC) and Defense (DOD) formulated a contingency plan to meet the nation's airlift needs in times of crisis. When the Department of Transportation (DOT) was created, it assumed DOC's role in the CRAF program, and today, DOD and DOT work together to manage the CRAF program. The CRAF supports DOD airlift requirements in emergencies when the need for airlift exceeds the capability of the military aircraft fleet. All CRAF participants must be U.S. carriers fully certified by the Federal Aviation Administration, and meet the stringent standards of Federal Aviation Regulations pertaining to commercial airlines. The CRAF has three main segments: international, national, and aeromedical evacuation. The international segment is further divided into the long-range and short-range sections and the national segment into the domestic and Alaskan sections. Assignment of aircraft to a segment depends on the nature of the requirement and the performance characteristics needed.
Author : Ronald N. Priddy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)
Download or read book A History of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet in Operations Desert Shield, Desert Storm, and Desert Sortie written by Ronald N. Priddy and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Readiness Subcommittee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Readiness Subcommittee and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)
Download or read book Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report addresses the operation of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) during Operation Desert Shield/Storm. Although the CRAF was established in 1952 to augment military airlift during contingencies, it was first activated on August 17, 1990. In more than 5,300 flights between August 1990 and May 1991, the CRAF transported about 67 percent of the passengers and 22 percent of the cargo that was airlifted to the Persian Gulf area. That contribution was critical to the success of Operation Desert Shield/Storm.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Readiness Subcommittee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Readiness Subcommittee and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States Government Accountability Office
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781976205392
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)
Download or read book Military Airlift written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To move passengers and cargo, the Department of Defense (DOD) must supplement its military aircraft with cargo and passenger aircraft from commercial carriers participating in the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) program. Carriers participating in CRAF commit their aircraft to DOD to support a range of military operations. In the Fiscal Year 2008 National Defense Authorization Act, Congress required DOD to sponsor an assessment of CRAF and required GAO to review that assessment. GAO briefed congressional staff on its observations. As discussed with the staff, GAO further analyzed some of the issues identified in its review. This report assesses (1) the extent to which DOD has assessed potential risks to the CRAF program, and (2) the extent to which DOD's management of CRAF supports program objectives. For this engagement, GAO reviewed DOD-sponsored CRAF study reports and interviewed study leadership. GAO also interviewed over 20 of 35 CRAF participating carriers that responded to a request for a meeting, DOD officials, and industry officials. GAO is recommending that DOD
Author : United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Air Force Contingency Plans Should Include Facilities of Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Procurement Policy and Reprograming
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) Enhancement Program written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Procurement Policy and Reprograming and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Office of Air Force History
Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN 13 : 9781508697909
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (979 download)
Download or read book A History of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by Office of Air Force History and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2015-03-03 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second in a series of research studies-historical works that were not published for various reasons. Yet, the material contained therein was deemed to be of enduring value to Air Force members and scholars. These works were minimally edited and printed in a limited edition to reach a small audience that may find them useful. We invite readers to provide feedback to the Air Force History and Museums Program. Dr. Theodore Joseph Crackel, completed this history in 1993, under contract to the Military Airlift Command History Office. Contract management was under the purview of the Center for Air Force History (now the Air Force History Support Office). MAC historian Dr. John Leland researched and wrote Chapter IX, "CRAF in Operation Desert Shield." Rooted in the late 1930s, the CRAF story revolved about two points: the military requirements and the economics of civil air transportation. Subsequently, the CRAF concept crept along for more than fifty years with little to show for the effort, except for a series of agreements and planning documents. The tortured route of defining and redefining of the concept forms the nucleus of the this history. Unremarkable as it appears, the process of coordination with other governmental agencies, the Congress, aviation organizations, and individual airlines was both necessary and unavoidable; there are lessons to be learned from this experience. Although this story appears terribly short on action, it is worth studying to understand how, when, and why the concept failed and finally succeeded. The payoff came during the Persian Gulf War, over the period from August 1990 until January 1991, when the CRAF flew in support of Operation Desert Shield. The CRAF provided the "greatest airlift in history," eclipsing in some aspects even the 1948-1949 Berlin Airlift. The statistics were staggering: during those 165 days the CRAF transported some 400,000 troops and 355,000 tons of cargo from the U.S. east coast to the Arabian Peninsula, an average distance of 7,000 miles. By May 1991 CRAF aircraft had transported 60 percent of the troops and 25 percent of the cargo.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Aviation
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Economic Viability of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Aviation and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mary E. Chenoweth
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 9780833014375
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (143 download)
Download or read book The Civil Reserve Air Fleet and Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm written by Mary E. Chenoweth and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 1993 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report investigates the activation of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF), which the Military Airlift Command (predecessor of the Airlift Mobility Command) called up for the first time at the start of Operation Desert Shield. From August 1990 to May 1991, CRAF furnished commercial airline assets--passenger jets, cargo transports, and crews--to the command to assist in the massive deployment of U.S. troops and supplies to the Gulf region and in their eventual return. To guarantee a robust CRAF for our national security future, some enhancements are vital. An effective, modern mix of incentives for this volunteer program is necessary. Also, policies that shield air carriers from unreasonable risk; improve command, control, and communications; and minimize the inefficient use of commercial aircraft and crews should be developed.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Effectiveness of the U.S. Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Aviation
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (18 download)
Download or read book War Risk Insurance and the Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Aviation and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Theodore Joseph Crackel
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781530050550
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (55 download)
Download or read book A History of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet written by Theodore Joseph Crackel and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-02-15 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) from its inception to 1991. In suggesting such a reserve airlift fleet in 1947, Admiral E. S. Land, President of the Air Transport Association, drew on the organization's experience with mobilization planning in the mid- to late-1930s and on the airlines' experience in the early months of World War II. "As I see it," he said, "we would have to face it along the same general lines as we did then, omitting as many of the mistakes as possible, of course. At the beginning of the last war, the air transport system had a detailed war plan. Given the necessary information from the military services as to their needs, we can develop this one." The Civil Reserve Air Fleet concept was formally approved on December 15, 1951-by a memorandum of understanding between the Departments of Commerce and Defense. It began to take shape in 1952, when it was allocated some 300 four-engine, airline aircraft for use in case of war or a national emergency. Planning for the use of these assets began almost immediately and interim arrangements were in place by mid-1953. Still, it was not until 1958 that a formal wartime organization was agreed to, and not until 1959 that the first major carrier signed the standby contract that obligated it to provide crews and aircraft in case of a major war or national emergency. Two factors clearly shape the Civil Reserve Air Fleet. The first, the nation's military strategies, dictated the airlift resources CRAF was asked to supply. As it happened, evolving strategies entailed an ever growing requirement for CRAF airlift. By the late 1950s, U.S. military strategy promised the ability to respond across the spectrum of aggression, and then, two decades later, it committed the nation to an increasingly rapid deployment of forces to NATO. The second factor was economic, the economics of the air transportation marketplace. Despite the efforts of the Military Air Transport Service (MATS) and, its successor, the Military Airlift Command (MAC) to influence the make-up of airline fleets-in particular attempts to encourage the airlines to increase their cargo capability-it was the circumstances of the commercial marketplace that drove the decisions. When the air freight business failed to grow as expected, and when the lower-lobe capacity of the airlines' widebody jets proved capable of handling what air freight there was, the scheduled airlines began to divest themselves of their freighter aircraft. MAC's efforts to halt or even to slow this process proved ineffectual. It was not until the development of the air express parcel business, that the industry began once again to add cargo aircraft. Again, it was the economic forces that intervened, not MAC. This is the story of the evolution of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet-from its roots in the pre-World War II planning of the ATA and the Army Air Corps Staff, through its creation in 1951 and its evolution over the years, to a seemingly troubled existence in 1987.
Author : Donald R. Wilhite
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781423577423
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (774 download)
Download or read book USAF Civil Reserve Air Fleet Aeromedical Evacuation Airlift Capability written by Donald R. Wilhite and published by . This book was released on 1996-05-01 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Defense, USAF, and Air Mobility Command (AMC) rely on the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) to provide supplemental airlift in times of national emergency. AMC oversees the CRAF program which contains three segments: international, national, and aeromedical evacuation. The CRAF aeromedical Evacuation (AE) program involves commercial B-767 aircraft, Aeromedical Evacuation Shipsets (AESS), a Casualty Transfer System, and a large number of support personnel and equipment. Wartime planning in the early 198Os revealed a significant shortage of military airlift to accomplish the aeromedical evacuation mission. Consequently the CRAF AE program was initiated. Planning for Major Regional Conflict scenarios has currently set a requirement for 25 and 44 B-767 aircraft for CRAF Stages II and III, respectively. Unfortunately AMC has not been able to acquire full commitment to the CRAF AE program. In addition, the CRAF AE program has been beleaguered by a number of problems which have continually kept capability of the overall system low. This graduate research paper provides a comprehensive review of the AE shortfall issue from beginning to the present with recommendations and conclusions for the near future.
Author : United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Military Airlift written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: