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Chemical Risk Assessment Selected Federal Agencies Procedures Assumptions And Policies
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Book Synopsis Chemical Risk Assessment: Selected Federal Agencies' Procedures, Assumptions, and Policies by :
Download or read book Chemical Risk Assessment: Selected Federal Agencies' Procedures, Assumptions, and Policies written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As used in public health and environmental regulation, risk assessment is the systematic, scientific description of potential adverse effects of exposures to hazardous substances or situations. It is a complex but valuable set of tools for federal regulatory agencies, helping them to identify issues of potential concern, select regulatory options, and estimate the range of a forthcoming regulations benefits. For example, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) used risk assessment information in a 1998 final rule to conclude that disinfection byproducts (e.g., chloroform) in drinking water could cause as many as 9,300 bladder cancer cases a year, and that a 24-percent reduction in those byproducts could result in monetized health benefits of about $4 billion. However, risk assessments are also sometimes controversial, as evidenced by the fact that the disinfection byproduct rule was successfully challenged in court over whether the agency used the best scientific evidence available in support of certain assumptions. 2 Given the significant yet controversial nature of risk assessments, it is important that policymakers understand how risk assessments are conducted, the extent to which risk estimates produced by different agencies and programs are comparable, and the reasons for differences in agencies risk assessment approaches and results.
Book Synopsis Risk Assessment in the Federal Government by : National Research Council
Download or read book Risk Assessment in the Federal Government written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1983-02-01 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The regulation of potentially hazardous substances has become a controversial issue. This volume evaluates past efforts to develop and use risk assessment guidelines, reviews the experience of regulatory agencies with different administrative arrangements for risk assessment, and evaluates various proposals to modify procedures. The book's conclusions and recommendations can be applied across the entire field of environmental health.
Book Synopsis Chemical risk assessment : selected federal agencies' procedures, assumptions, and policies : report to congressional requesters / by :
Download or read book Chemical risk assessment : selected federal agencies' procedures, assumptions, and policies : report to congressional requesters / written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Science and Decisions by : National Research Council
Download or read book Science and Decisions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.
Book Synopsis Chemical Risk Assessment by : United States Accounting Office (GAO)
Download or read book Chemical Risk Assessment written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GAO-01-810 Chemical Risk Assessment: Selected Federal Agencies' Procedures, Assumptions, and Policies
Book Synopsis Chemical Risk Assessment by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Chemical Risk Assessment written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.
Book Synopsis Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: pt. A. Human health evaluation manual by :
Download or read book Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: pt. A. Human health evaluation manual written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Office of the science advisor staff paper risk assessment principles & practices. by :
Download or read book Office of the science advisor staff paper risk assessment principles & practices. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific Review of the Proposed Risk Assessment Bulletin from the Office of Management and Budget by : National Research Council
Download or read book Scientific Review of the Proposed Risk Assessment Bulletin from the Office of Management and Budget written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-04-16 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk assessments are often used by the federal government to estimate the risk the public may face from such things as exposure to a chemical or the potential failure of an engineered structure, and they underlie many regulatory decisions. Last January, the White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB) issued a draft bulletin for all federal agencies, which included a new definition of risk assessment and proposed standards aimed at improving federal risk assessments. This National Research Council report, written at the request of OMB, evaluates the draft bulletin and supports its overall goals of improving the quality of risk assessments. However, the report concludes that the draft bulletin is "fundamentally flawed" from a scientific and technical standpoint and should be withdrawn. Problems include an overly broad definition of risk assessment in conflict with long-established concepts and practices, and an overly narrow definition of adverse health effects-one that considers only clinically apparent effects to be adverse, ignoring other biological changes that could lead to health effects. The report also criticizes the draft bulletin for focusing mainly on human health risk assessments while neglecting assessments of technology and engineered structures.
Book Synopsis The Risk Assessment Guidelines of 1986 by :
Download or read book The Risk Assessment Guidelines of 1986 written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund by :
Download or read book Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Risk Assessment and Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :80 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (6 download)
Book Synopsis Framework for environmental health risk management by : United States. Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management
Download or read book Framework for environmental health risk management written by United States. Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exposure Science in the 21st Century by : National Research Council
Download or read book Exposure Science in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-10-28 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the use of personal products to our consumption of food, water, and air, people are exposed to a wide array of agents each day-many with the potential to affect health. Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy investigates the contact of humans or other organisms with those agents (that is, chemical, physical, and biologic stressors) and their fate in living systems. The concept of exposure science has been instrumental in helping us understand how stressors affect human and ecosystem health, and in efforts to prevent or reduce contact with harmful stressors. In this way exposure science has played an integral role in many areas of environmental health, and can help meet growing needs in environmental regulation, urban and ecosystem planning, and disaster management. Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy explains that there are increasing demands for exposure science information, for example to meet needs for data on the thousands of chemicals introduced into the market each year, and to better understand the health effects of prolonged low-level exposure to stressors. Recent advances in tools and technologies-including sensor systems, analytic methods, molecular technologies, computational tools, and bioinformatics-have provided the potential for more accurate and comprehensive exposure science data than ever before. This report also provides a roadmap to take advantage of the technologic innovations and strategic collaborations to move exposure science into the future.
Author :United States Government Accountability Office Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781984159397 Total Pages :90 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (593 download)
Book Synopsis Chemical Assessments by : United States Government Accountability Office
Download or read book Chemical Assessments written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-01-24 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Assessments: Low Productivity and New Interagency Review Process Limit the Usefulness and Credibility of EPA's Integrated Risk Information System
Book Synopsis Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century by : National Research Council
Download or read book Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-05 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in molecular biology and toxicology are paving the way for major improvements in the evaluation of the hazards posed by the large number of chemicals found at low levels in the environment. The National Research Council was asked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review the state of the science and create a far-reaching vision for the future of toxicity testing. The book finds that developing, improving, and validating new laboratory tools based on recent scientific advances could significantly improve our ability to understand the hazards and risks posed by chemicals. This new knowledge would lead to much more informed environmental regulations and dramatically reduce the need for animal testing because the new tests would be based on human cells and cell components. Substantial scientific efforts and resources will be required to leverage these new technologies to realize the vision, but the result will be a more efficient, informative and less costly system for assessing the hazards posed by industrial chemicals and pesticides.
