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Characterization Of Oh Radical Sinks In Forested And Indoor Environments
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Book Synopsis Characterization of OH Radical Sinks in Forested and Indoor Environments by : Vinay Kumar (Environmental scientist)
Download or read book Characterization of OH Radical Sinks in Forested and Indoor Environments written by Vinay Kumar (Environmental scientist) and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OH radical is an important oxidant in the atmosphere, as it controls the chemical lifetime of many trace gases and promotes the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) and ozone (O3). As a result, it is important to identify OH sources and sinks in outdoor and indoor environments, to understand their impact on air quality. Measurements of total OH reactivity were conducted in an Indiana forest, near the city of Bloomington. The measured OH reactivity agreed well with the calculated OH reactivity based on measured OH sinks. On certain days, missing OH reactivity greater than 30% was observed, which correlated with wind speed and direction. Similar OH reactivity work was performed in a Colorado ponderosa pine forest, where a previous study reported a discrepancy of 30% between the measured and calculated OH reactivity. To evaluate this, total OH reactivity was measured at the Manitou Experimental Forest site. From this work, it was determined that monoterpenes, MBO and their oxidation products corresponded to more than 70% to the total OH reactivity. The OH reactivity budget was closed by including the model oxidation products, which corresponded up to 35% to the total OH reactivity.To understand the impacts of OH radicals in indoor environments, the measurement of OH reactivity were conducted in a Purdue tiny house by characterizing the emission of hair-care products (HCPs). From these experiments, it was determined the oxidation by OH radical was the major loss processes of HCP emissions. The elevated chemicals during the HCP application can have the potential to influence outdoor air quality by promoting SOA and O3 production. Lastly, the absolute rate constant for the reaction of OH with methyl-ethyl ketone (MEK) was measured in laboratory experiments at the temperature range of 273 - 368 K. The rate constant for OH and MEK was found to be 1.1 ± 0.1 x 10-12 cm3 molecules-1 s-1 at 298 K and the Arrhenius expression was determined as k = (1.21 ± 0.29) x10-12 exp [-(135 ± 95.9) /T]) for the temperature range of 273 - 368 K.
Book Synopsis Measurements and Model Predictions of Hydroxyl Radical, Peroxy Radicals, and Nitrous Acid by : Emily Kathleen Reidy
Download or read book Measurements and Model Predictions of Hydroxyl Radical, Peroxy Radicals, and Nitrous Acid written by Emily Kathleen Reidy and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hydroxyl radical (OH) is the dominant oxidant in the atmosphere, controlling the lifetimes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and contributing to the formation of ozone (O3) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The oxidation of VOCs by OH propagates a radical cycle between OH, the hydroperoxy radical (HO2), and organic peroxy radical (RO2). Due to its importance in the atmosphere, there is a substantial body of literature investigating ROX (≡ OH + HO2 + RO2) chemistry in the outdoor environment, but few measurements occurring indoors, where people spend the majority of their time. This work includes the first measurements of OH and HO2 in a residential environment during use of a gas stove. Emissions from the gas stove quickly create a complex indoor atmosphere with unexpectedly high concentrations of OH and HO2, suggesting missing radical sources in indoor spaces.In more pristine regions, there has been significant disagreement between measurements and modeled concentrations of ROX. While progress has been made in improving OH agreement in deciduous forests, HO2 and RO2 model disagreement persists. Measurements of radicals spanning three forested campaigns are compared through a chemical coordinate analysis and suggest that newly proposed radical loss pathways still cannot account for the discrepancies between model and measurements.Finally, measurements of radical species and their major precursors in a coniferous forest emphasize the importance of nitrous acid (HONO) on ROX concentrations. HONO photolyzes to form OH and NO, producing a substantial amount of total ROX. HONO concentrations are particularly difficult to model, as there are numerous sources of varying importance in different environments. While common chemical mechanisms only include gas-phase reactions of HONO, heterogeneous reactions were added in order to characterize sources of HONO in the remote, forested environment. Overall, this work discusses missing sources and sinks of radicals and their major precursor, HONO, in indoor spaces, deciduous, and coniferous forests, addressing gaps in our understanding of radical chemistry that impact the formation of secondary air pollution.
Book Synopsis Modeling of an Upper Midwest Forest Boundary Layer and Vehicle Indoor Air Quality by : Phillip Stratton
Download or read book Modeling of an Upper Midwest Forest Boundary Layer and Vehicle Indoor Air Quality written by Phillip Stratton and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key to understanding tropospheric chemistry begins with the hydroxyl and hydroperoxy radicals. Recent research suggests that there is still considerable uncertainty in our understanding of the sources of these radicals and their role as sinks. The work detailed in this thesis describes a computational approach to modeling the hydroxyl and hydroperoxy radicals in a forest environment and attempts to shed further light on the radical budget in a typical Northern Hardwood forest. Additionally, research was conducted with United States Council for Automotive Research in collaboration with Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler to develop a global standard for vehicle indoor air quality test methodologies. An initial evaluation of materials to validate test and analysis process has been completed. In addition to establishing the identity of a material for an internal standard, a VOC specific emission algorithm to predict cabin VOC concentrations for a given set of control parameters was established.
Book Synopsis Indoor Environment by : Lidia Morawska
Download or read book Indoor Environment written by Lidia Morawska and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the fundamentals of air-borne particles and settled dust in the indoor environment, this handy reference investigates: * relevant definitions and terminology, * characteristics, * sources, * sampling techniques and instrumentation, * exposure assessment, * monitoring methods. The result is a useful and comprehensive overview for chemists, physicists and biologists, postgraduate students, medical practitioners, occupational health professionals, building owners and managers, building, construction and air-conditioning engineers, architects, environmental lawyers, government and regulatory professionals.
Download or read book Environment Abstracts Annual written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This database encompasses all aspects of the impact of people and technology on the environment and the effectiveness of remedial policies and technologies, featuring more than 950 journals published in the U.S. and abroad. The database also covers conference papers and proceedings, special reports from international agencies, non-governmental organizations, universities, associations and private corporations. Other materials selectively indexed include significant monographs, government studies and newsletters.
Book Synopsis Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts by :
Download or read book Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Nitrate Radical by : Richard P. Wayne
Download or read book The Nitrate Radical written by Richard P. Wayne and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry by : Daniel J. Jacob
Download or read book Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry written by Daniel J. Jacob and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric chemistry is one of the fastest growing fields in the earth sciences. Until now, however, there has been no book designed to help students capture the essence of the subject in a brief course of study. Daniel Jacob, a leading researcher and teacher in the field, addresses that problem by presenting the first textbook on atmospheric chemistry for a one-semester course. Based on the approach he developed in his class at Harvard, Jacob introduces students in clear and concise chapters to the fundamentals as well as the latest ideas and findings in the field. Jacob's aim is to show students how to use basic principles of physics and chemistry to describe a complex system such as the atmosphere. He also seeks to give students an overview of the current state of research and the work that led to this point. Jacob begins with atmospheric structure, design of simple models, atmospheric transport, and the continuity equation, and continues with geochemical cycles, the greenhouse effect, aerosols, stratospheric ozone, the oxidizing power of the atmosphere, smog, and acid rain. Each chapter concludes with a problem set based on recent scientific literature. This is a novel approach to problem-set writing, and one that successfully introduces students to the prevailing issues. This is a major contribution to a growing area of study and will be welcomed enthusiastically by students and teachers alike.
Book Synopsis Selected Water Resources Abstracts by :
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pollution Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selected Water Resources Abstracts by :
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book EarthQuest written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Current Environmental Engineering Summaries by : Engineering Information, Inc
Download or read book Current Environmental Engineering Summaries written by Engineering Information, Inc and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Monitoring for Gaseous Pollutants in Museum Environments by : Cecily M. Grzywacz
Download or read book Monitoring for Gaseous Pollutants in Museum Environments written by Cecily M. Grzywacz and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2006-09-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on passive sampling, this volume focuses on the environmental monitoring for common gaseous pollutants. It offers an overview of the history and nature of pollutants of concern to museums and the challenges facing scientists, conservators, and managers seeking to develop target pollutant guidelines to protect cultural property.
Download or read book Backpacker written by and published by . This book was released on 2007-09 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Book Synopsis Biochar for Environmental Management by : Johannes Lehmann
Download or read book Biochar for Environmental Management written by Johannes Lehmann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process. This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines.
Download or read book Acid Precipitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
