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Characterization And Modeling Of The Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy Ni Mn Ga For Sensing And Actuation
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Book Synopsis Characterization and Modeling of the Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy Ni-Mn-Ga for Sensing and Actuation by : Neelesh Nandkumar Sarawate
Download or read book Characterization and Modeling of the Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy Ni-Mn-Ga for Sensing and Actuation written by Neelesh Nandkumar Sarawate and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys (FSMAs) in the Ni-Mn-Ga system are a recent class of active materials that can generate magnetic field induced strains of 10% by twin-variant rearrangement. This work details an extensive analytical and experimental investigation of commercial single-crystal Ni-Mn-Ga under quasi-static and dynamic conditions with a view to exploring the material's sensing and actuation applications. The sensing effect of Ni-Mn-Ga is experimentally characterized by measuring the flux density and stress as a function of quasi-static strain loading at various fixed magnetic fields. The bias field is shown to mark the transition from irreversible to reversible (pseudoelastic) stress-strain behavior. A constitutive model based on continuum thermodynamics is developed to describe the coupled magnetomechanical behavior of Ni-Mn-Ga. Mechanical dissipation and the microstructure of Ni-Mn-Ga are incorporated through internal state variables. The constitutive response of the material is obtained by restricting the process through the second law of thermodynamics. The model is further modified to describe the actuation and blocked-force behavior under a unified framework.
Book Synopsis Characterization and Modeling of Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Ni-Mn-Ga in a Collinear Stress-field Configuration by : LeAnn Elizabeth Faidley
Download or read book Characterization and Modeling of Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Ni-Mn-Ga in a Collinear Stress-field Configuration written by LeAnn Elizabeth Faidley and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys (FSMAs) in the Nickel-Manganese-Gallium system have been shown to exhibit large magnetically induced strains of up to 9.5% due to magnetically driven twin variant reorientation. In order for these strains to be reversible, restoring stresses or magnetic fields need to be applied orthogonal to the drive field. This leads to a typical implementation of Ni Mn-Ga in applications involving the use of electromagnets, which tend to be heavy, bulky and narrowband. This dissertation presents the investigation of the behavior of Ni50]Mn2.--Ga21.3 in a unique configuration in which a magnetic field produced by a solenoid is applied along the axis of a cylindrical rod and the strain is measured collinearly to the field while axial loads are applied. A strain mechanism is proposed where imperfections and inclusions in the sample create internal stresses that provide the restoring forces while also limiting the maximum strain from the sample by limiting the motion of the twin boundaries. This mechanism explains the presence and reduced magnitude of the -0.41% quasi-static strain that has been measured in this sample in the collinear configuration. This dissertation also expands the experimental testing of Ni-Mn-Ga into the dynamic domain most usually found in applications through a set of swept-sine tests. These tests demonstrate a 250% shift of elastic modulus with applied dc bias field that makes these materials extremely promising for variable stiffness applications. Finally, this document presents a model for the strain of Ni-Mn-Ga. A Gibb's Free Energy approach is used to describe an idealized hysteresis kernel that does not account for the inhomogeneities in pinning site strength and internal field. A stochastic homogenization method is then implemented that estimates the inhomogeneities as probability distributions. The implementation and testing of this model is discussed in detail and results showing simulations that fall within 3% of the data are presented demonstrating the power of this method for future design and control of applications for Ni-Mn-Ga in solenoid based transducers.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Twinning in Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys by : Anna Jadwiga Szary
Download or read book Characterization of Twinning in Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys written by Anna Jadwiga Szary and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shape Memory Alloys by : Farzad Ebrahimi
Download or read book Shape Memory Alloys written by Farzad Ebrahimi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-09-20 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a result of contributions of experts from international scientific community working in different aspects of shape memory alloys (SMAs) and reports on the state-of-the-art research and development findings on this topic through original and innovative research studies. Through its five chapters, the reader will have access to works related to ferromagnetic SMAs, while it introduces some specific applications like development of faster SMA actuators and application of nanostructural SMAs in medical devices. The book contains up-to-date publications of leading experts, and the edition is intended to furnish valuable recent information to the professionals involved in shape memory alloys analysis and applications. The text is addressed not only to researchers but also to professional engineers, students, and other experts in a variety of disciplines, both academic and industrial, seeking to gain a better understanding of what has been done in the field recently and what kind of open problems are in this area.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys II by : Volodymyr A. Chernenko
Download or read book Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys II written by Volodymyr A. Chernenko and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2009-12-03 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS). This work on Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys contains selected peer-reviewed papers. Such materials belong to the most exciting and fastest-growing group of martensitic multifunctional materials. The selected papers cover the following topics of: Basic phenomena and theory; Structure and magnetic properties; Magnetomechanics and magnetocaloric effect; Thin films and composites; Modeling and simulations and Processing and engineering.
Book Synopsis Shape Memory Alloys by : Dimitris C. Lagoudas
Download or read book Shape Memory Alloys written by Dimitris C. Lagoudas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a working knowledge of the modeling and engineering applications of shape memory alloys (SMAs), beginning with a rigorous introduction to continuum mechanics and continuum thermodynamics as they relate to the development of SMA modeling.Modern SMAs can recover from large amounts of bending and deformation, and millions of repetitions within recoverable ranges. SMAs are used in the medical industry to create stents, in the dental industry to create dental and orthodontic archwires, and in the aerospace industry to create fluid fittings. The text presents a unified approach to the constitutive modeling of SMAs, including modeling of magnetic and high temperature SMAs.
Book Synopsis Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys by : Lluis Manosa
Download or read book Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys written by Lluis Manosa and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2008-06-19 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS). Multiferroic shape-memory alloys that exhibit both ferroelastic and ferromagnetic properties have recently attracted much attention. They belong to the family of so-called smart materials and are future-generation materials that are likely to be useful in cutting-edge technologies. Apart from the theoretical challenge of understanding their fascinating properties, the quest to harness them for practical use is also attracting many scientists and engineers from all over the world.
Book Synopsis Magneto-mechanical Properties and Applications of Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy by : Steven James Murray
Download or read book Magneto-mechanical Properties and Applications of Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy written by Steven James Murray and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Acoustic Assisted Actuation of Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys by : Bradley William Peterson
Download or read book Acoustic Assisted Actuation of Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys written by Bradley William Peterson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMA) have been shown in recent work to exhibit large magnetic field induced strains. The material generally requires a large threshold field (of order 3-4 kOe) to initiate the strain. Thus, the power requirements are large and actuators based on these materials could tend to be large. This thesis reports on the effect on the actuation properties of Ni-Mn-Ga single crystals of the use of a sinusoidal stress wave generated by a piezoelectric stack actuator. The piezoelectric drive causes a time varying stress wave in the FSMA that resolves as a shear across the twin-boundaries and aids the twin boundary in overcoming defect-related obstacles. The FSMA shows increased strain and a reduction in threshold field. The effect is most pronounced for crystals showing large initial threshold fields which are associated with high defect strengths or concentrations. For crystals with a large threshold, 4.7 kOe, actuated at 1 Hz, the piezoelectric drive reduces the threshold field by as much as 21% for a piezoelectric driven at 5 kHz and 20 Vrms. As a result of this large threshold reduction, strain output can be more than doubled for magnetic drive amplitudes near the threshold field.
Book Synopsis Mechanical Sensing Based on the Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy NiMnGa by : Jochen Stephan
Download or read book Mechanical Sensing Based on the Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy NiMnGa written by Jochen Stephan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dynamic Actuation Properties of Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys by : Christopher Paul Henry
Download or read book Dynamic Actuation Properties of Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys written by Christopher Paul Henry and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) The mechanism of stress generation is thought to be magnetization rotation causing negative magnetostriction with quadratic magnetic-field dependence before twin boundaries move. Above the threshold field for twin boundary motion, stress increases in proportion to the magnetic-field-induced strain. Dynamic actuation measurements performed here help put Ni-Mn-Ga FSMAs into perspective with other active materials performance: Ni-Mn-Ga FSMAs are between low bandwidth, high strain, Nitinol and high bandwidth, low strain Terfenol-D and ferroelectrics.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ASME Aerospace Division by : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Aerospace Division
Download or read book Proceedings of the ASME Aerospace Division written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Aerospace Division and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Structural Integrity by : Krishna Jonnalagadda
Download or read book Advances in Structural Integrity written by Krishna Jonnalagadda and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-11 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises the proceedings of the 3rd Structural Integrity Conference and Exhibition (SICE 2020). The contents of the volume focus on structural integrity, life prediction, and condition monitoring which are reclassified under the domains of aerospace, fracture mechanics, fatigue, creep-fatigue interactions, civil structures, experimental techniques, computation mechanics, structural health monitoring, nondestructive testing, failure analysis, materials processing, stress corrosion cracking, reliability and risk analysis. This book will be a useful reference for students, researchers and practitioners.
Book Synopsis Composition, Structure and Magneto-mechanical Properties of Ni-Mn-Ga Magnetic Shape-memory Alloys by : Markus Chmielus
Download or read book Composition, Structure and Magneto-mechanical Properties of Ni-Mn-Ga Magnetic Shape-memory Alloys written by Markus Chmielus and published by Logos Verlag Berlin. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic shape-memory alloys (MSMAs) are smart materials which show in single crystalline form a magnetic field induced plastic and recoverable deformation of up to 10 %. Ni-Mn-Ga is the as most prominent representative. The shape change of MSMAs is based on the motion of twin boundaries driven by a magneto-stress due to an applied magnetic field. The plastic deformation takes place in the martensite phase and does not require a phase change as needed in shape-memory alloys (SMAs). The combination of high strain of SMAs and high actuation frequencies positions MSMAs as attractive smart actuator materials. Several aspects influence the magneto-mechanical properties. To identify the influence of composition, surface deformation, and constraints separately, this dissertation consists of three parts: first, the characterization of composition, structure, transformation temperatures, magnetic and mechanical properties as a study on position within an ingot. Second, the influence of surface polishing and surface deformation on the twinning stress. Third, the influence of training and constraints on magneto-mechanical properties. It can be shown in this work that each of the investigated aspects has strong influences on i.e. martensite structure and transformation temperatures, twinning stresses, twin microstructure, and magneto-mechanical properties of MSMAs.
Book Synopsis 4-dimensional Printing and Characterization of Net-shaped Porous Parts Made from Magnetic Ni-Mn-Ga Shape Memory Alloy Powders by : Matthew Caputo
Download or read book 4-dimensional Printing and Characterization of Net-shaped Porous Parts Made from Magnetic Ni-Mn-Ga Shape Memory Alloy Powders written by Matthew Caputo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMA's) are known to produce large strains in the presence of magnetic fields. Amongst the FSMA's near stoichiometric Ni2MnGa alloys present copious conceivable applications such as actuators and sensors due to these large magnetic field induced strains (MFIS's). Albeit, the large MFIS's are often observed in single crystals; which are difficult to manufacture and possess limited ductility. Recent investigations of polycrystalline Ni-Mn-Ga foams are reported to exhibit comparable MFIS's to those reported for single crystals. Therefore the ability to increase the MFIS in Ni-Mn-Ga alloys is envisioned through the introduction of pores in the microstructure. However, the manufacturing is difficult for all the above-mentioned Ni-Mn-Ga materials. Moreover, current techniques lack the ability to manufacture complex geometries. Additive Manufacturing (AM) via binder jetting is a method for producing porous near net shaped components utilizing micrometer sized material. This research investigates an additive manufacturing route of producing functional net shaped parts from pre-alloyed magnetic shape memory Ni-Mn-Ga powders. Three types of Ni-Mn-Ga powders were used in this investigation: spark eroded in liquid nitrogen (LN2), spark eroded in liquid argon (LAr), and ball milled (BM). Additive manufacturing via powder bed binder jetting, also known as 3D printing (3DP) was used in this research due to the ability to control part porosity and the possibility to obtain complex shaped parts from Ni-Mn-Ga alloys. The fourth-dimension (4D) is created by the predictable change in 3D printed part configuration over time as the result of shape-memory functionality. Powder characterization techniques including packing density measurements, size distribution analysis, and binder saturation experiments were conducted on the powders to obtain optimized printing parameters, respectively. The optimum layer thickness and binder saturation range was determined as 80 - 110 μm, and 110 - 250 %, respectively. Binder jetting of Ni-Mn-Ga powders followed by curing and sintering proved successful in producing net shaped porous structures (spring-like, 3-D hierarchical lattice structures, etc.) with suitable mechanical strength. Parts with porosities between 24.08 % and 73.43 % (1.164 g/cm3 to 6.35 g/cm3) have been obtained by using powders with distinct morphologies. The printed and sintered Ni-Mn-Ga parts undergo reversible martensitic transformations during heating and cooling, which is a prerequisite for the shape memory effect. Thermo-magneto-mechanical trained 3D printed parts obtained from ball milled Ni-Mn-Ga powders showed reversible magnetic-field-induced strains (MFIS's) of up to 0.01%. Binder jetting additive manufacturing is a viable technology in solving the design issues of functional parts made of Ni-Mn-Ga magnetic shape-memory alloys (MSMA).
Book Synopsis Systematic Analysis of the Crystal Structure, Chemical Ordering, and Microstructure of Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys by : Marc Louis Richard
Download or read book Systematic Analysis of the Crystal Structure, Chemical Ordering, and Microstructure of Ni-Mn-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys written by Marc Louis Richard and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (cont.) The microstructure of several different Ni-Mn-Ga alloys was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy providing new microstructural data that has not been shown elsewhere. The superstructures of the different compositions has been confirmed, complementing the x-ray measurements. A hierarchal twin structure has been observed along with several second-phase particles resulting from impurities. The composition and source of the impurities has been analyzed. The twin-boundary pinning strength of the second phase particles has been estimated using the Orowan approach. This information can be used to understand why certain crystals with weak pinning sites show field-induced strain while others with very strong defect strengths do not show any actuation under an applied magnetic field.
