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Cells Forces And The Microenvironment
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Book Synopsis Cells, Forces, and the Microenvironment by : Charles M. Cuerrier
Download or read book Cells, Forces, and the Microenvironment written by Charles M. Cuerrier and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the recent development of new experimental approaches and methodologies, it is becoming clear that cells and tissues are not regulated by biochemical signals alone. Indeed, physical cues arising in the biological microenvironment are directly coupled to the biochemical regulation of living systems. This book provides a broad overview of how me
Book Synopsis Stem Cell Microenvironments and Beyond by : Alexander Birbrair
Download or read book Stem Cell Microenvironments and Beyond written by Alexander Birbrair and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-03 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the main stem cell niches under distinct pathophysiological conditions. The role of tissue microenvironments in stem cell regulation, as well as modern methodologies and new techniques for the identification and characterization of stem cell niches, are discussed by leading experts in the field. Chapters describe the major components of various stem cell microenvironments, such as cellular components, soluble factors, cell-cell interactions, extra-cellular matrix proteins, and physical forces. Stem Cell Microenvironments and Beyond is part of the highly successful Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology series. It is essential reading for graduate students and researchers in the field of stem cells or cell biology as well as clinicians.
Book Synopsis Tumor Microenvironmental Control of Metastasis by : Ran Li (Ph. D.)
Download or read book Tumor Microenvironmental Control of Metastasis written by Ran Li (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metastasis, which accounts for 90% of cancer deaths, critically depends on the ability of cancer cells to migrate through the dense extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding the solid tumor. Recent advances in cancer biology have revealed that non-cancerous cells and biophysical forces in tumor microenvironment can influence metastasis. Specifically, macrophage, one of the most abundant tumor-associated stromal cell types, has been shown to assist cancer cell invasion. However, exactly how macrophages affect the different aspects (e.g. speed and persistence) of cancer cell migration, especially in 3D ECM that mimics the in vivo tumor microenvironment, remains largely unknown. In addition to macrophages, elevated interstitial flow (the flow of tissue fluid) within the tumor tissue has been shown to influence cancer cell and fibroblast migration. Nevertheless, the effects of this tumor-associated biophysical force on macrophages are still unknown. In this thesis, we first explored how macrophages control the subtle details (speed vs. persistence) of cancer cell migration. Using a microfluidic migration assay, we found that macrophage-released TNFa and TGF1 enhance cancer cell migration speed and persistence in 3D ECM in an MMP-dependent fashion via two distinct pathways. Specifically, macrophagereleased TGF1 enhances cancer cell migration speed via the induction of MTl-MMP expression in cancer cells. In contrast, macrophage-released TNFa and TGFp1 synergistically enhance cancer cell migration persistence via the induction of NF-KB-mediated MMP1 expression. Therefore, these results suggest that macrophages control different aspects of cancer cell migration in 3D differently, and both TNFa and TGFp1 released by macrophages need to be simultaneously inhibited to effectively limit macrophage-assisted cancer cell metastasis. In a separate study, we investigated how tumor-associated interstitial flow (IF) affects macrophage migration and protein expression. We discovered that IF promotes macrophage migration in 3D ECM via the flow-induced activation of FAK and Akt. Interestingly, IF also directs the preferential migration of macrophages against the direction of flow (upstream). Moreover, we show that IF polarizes macrophages toward a pro-metastatic M2 phenotype via integrin/Src-dependent STAT3/6 activation. Since IF emanates from tumor core to stromal tissue surrounding the tumor, these results suggest that IF can promote metastasis by not only recruiting macrophages from stroma into tumor, but also enhancing the M2 polarization of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Keywords: Tumor Microenvironment, Macrophages, Interstitial Flow, Migration, and Polarization.
Book Synopsis Stem Cell Bioengineering And Tissue Engineering Microenvironment by : Satya Prakash
Download or read book Stem Cell Bioengineering And Tissue Engineering Microenvironment written by Satya Prakash and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011-07-19 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive review of the current state of stem cell bioengineering from authorities in the field. The first part of the book includes the basic research work on stem cells and bioengineering carried out by various laboratories. The second part consists of a review of the current development of various microcapsules in stem cell therapy. The last part will summarize the overall clinical trials on stem cell therapy and myocardial regeneration as well as the most updated personal experience recently completed by well-known experts in this field.
Book Synopsis Tumor Microenvironment by : Alexander Birbrair
Download or read book Tumor Microenvironment written by Alexander Birbrair and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-08 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book focuses on the role of hematopoietic components of the tumor microenvironment. Further, it teaches readers about the roles of distinct constituents of the tumor microenvironment and how they affect cancer development. Topics include neutrophils, basophils, T helper cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes, fibrocytes, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and more. Taken alongside its companion volumes, these books update us on what we know about various aspects of the tumor microenvironment as well as future directions. Tumor Microenvironment: Hematopoietic Cells – Part A is essential reading for advanced cell biology and cancer biology students as well as researchers seeking an update on research in the tumor microenvironment.
Book Synopsis The Role of the Physical Microenvironment in Cell Migration and Cytoskeletal Force Generation by : Johannes Flommersfeld
Download or read book The Role of the Physical Microenvironment in Cell Migration and Cytoskeletal Force Generation written by Johannes Flommersfeld and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Stem Cell Microenvironment and Its Role in Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Pathogenesis by : Cristian Pablo Pennisi
Download or read book The Stem Cell Microenvironment and Its Role in Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Pathogenesis written by Cristian Pablo Pennisi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How stem cells behave is very much a factor of their local microenvironment, also known as the stem cell niche. Physical, chemical, or electrical signals from the neighboring cells or biochemical signals from distant cells are crucial in the cell fate decision process. A major challenge of tissue engineering is to mimic the natural cell environment by designing very sophisticated scaffolds able not only to mechanically support cells, but also to release signals biologically relevant for governing stem cell fate. In addition, increasing evidence suggests that abnormal interaction of stem cells with their niche is responsible for altered cell function leading to malignant transformation. This book discusses some of the recent advances in stem cell research that may help understanding the properties of the niche that govern stem cell fate. Technical topics discussed include:Stem cell biologyCancer stem cellsStem cell interactions with biomaterialsEngineering the stem cell microenvironmentStem cells in tissue regeneration and repairThe Disputationes Workshop series is an international initiative aimed at disseminating stem cell related cutting edge knowledge among scientists, healthcare workers, students and policy makers. This book emerges as a result of the scientific contributions presented and discussed during the fifth Disputationes Workshop held in Aalborg (Denmark) in April 2014. The stem cell microenvironment and its role in regenerative medicine and cancer pathogenesis is ideal for academic staff and master/research students in biomedical and health sciences
Book Synopsis Human Cell Transformation by : Johng S. Rhim
Download or read book Human Cell Transformation written by Johng S. Rhim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rhim and Kremer’s state-of-the-art volume on Human Cell Transformation: Role of Stem Cells and the Microenvironment highlights the latest findings on the current state of human cell transformation model systems and provides the insight into the molecular and cellular changes involved in the conversion of normal cells to neoplastic cells. Chapters cover all recently developed novel human cell models. In addition, the rapidly growing fields of knowledge regarding not only stem cells in cancer progression, but also the role of the microenvironments in human carcinogenesis are discussed. A wealth of topics is presented including: · Derivation of epithelial, fibroblastic, and hematopoietic in vitro model systems · Oncogenes · Tumor suppressor genes · Viral transformation · In vitro model systems for viral, chemical and radiation carcinogenesis · Cell aging · The multistep nature of human carcinogenesis · The role of stem cells and the microenvironment in tumorigenesis · The genes involved in multistep carcinogenesis Unique in both scope and focus – devoted solely to human cell transformation systems – Human Cell Transformation: Role of Stem Cells and the Microenvironment provides unparalleled, in-depth coverage for cancer researchers, cell and molecular biologists, hematologists, virologists, and workers in related fields. Essential reading for everyone who needs to be kept up-to-date in this fast-paced area! Features ؠ Multistep models ؠ Breast cancer/Stem cells ؠ Prostate cancer/Stem cells ؠ Multistep / Genes
Book Synopsis Interplay Between Mechanotransduction and Force Generation Underlies Cancer Cell Division in Three Dimensionally Confining Viscoelastic Microenvironments by : Sungmin Nam
Download or read book Interplay Between Mechanotransduction and Force Generation Underlies Cancer Cell Division in Three Dimensionally Confining Viscoelastic Microenvironments written by Sungmin Nam and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In physiological tissues, such as growing tumor spheroids, cells are surrounded by adjacent cells and viscoelastic extracellular matrices (ECMs). This confining microenvironment can mechanically constrain the growth of cells and the morphological changes required for mitosis. However, little is known about how the viscoelastic properties of ECM influence cell cycle progression, and how cells overcome the mechanical constraints to undergo mitosis. Here we probed the viscoelasticity of ECM and its impact on cancer cell division. First, we investigated the viscoelastic and viscoplastic properties of collagen gels, a primary component in ECM. Gels of collagen were found to exhibit remarkable viscoelastic properties; at greater deformations, they become stiffer but then flow more rapidly to relax this increase in stiffness, a behavior named strain-enhanced stress relaxion. We found that this behavior arises from force-dependent unbinding of weak bonds between collagen fibers. Collagen gels also exhibit mechanical plasticity, a property that leads to permanent deformation in response to a mechanical stress. The plastic properties of collagen gels allow cells to mechanical remodel the collagen. Next, we examined cell division in confining viscoelastic hydrogels. In confining hydrogels, cells are able to sense when growth is sufficient for division to proceed via a growth responsive TRPV4-PI3K/Akt-p27Kip1 signaling axis. When cells do progress to mitosis in the confining hydrogels, they are able to generate substantial protrusive forces that deform the microenvironment along the mitotic axis, clearing space for mitotic elongation to proceed. These forces result from interpolar spindle elongation and lateral contraction of the actomyosin ring, which drives expansion along the mitotic axis through volume conservation. Finally, we developed a new materials approach to tuning viscoelasticity of alginate-PEG hydrogels. Together, these findings shed light on the mechanical interactions between cells and their confining viscoelastic microenvironments during cell division.
Book Synopsis Microenvironment in Disease and Aging by : Mark A. LaBarge
Download or read book Microenvironment in Disease and Aging written by Mark A. LaBarge and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-24 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physics of Cancer by : Claudia Mierke
Download or read book Physics of Cancer written by Claudia Mierke and published by Iph001. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised second edition is improved linguistically with multiple increases of the number of figures and the inclusion of several novel chapters such as actin filaments during matrix invasion, microtubuli during migration and matrix invasion, nuclear deformability during migration and matrix invasion, and the active role of the tumor stroma in regulating cell invasion.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine by :
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-03 with total page 1436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Three Volume Set provides a comprehensive collection of personal overviews on the latest developments and likely future directions in the field. By providing concise expositions on a broad range of topics, this encyclopedia is an excellent resource. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are relatively new fields still in their early stages of development, yet they already show great promise. This encyclopedia brings together foundational content and hot topics in both disciplines into a comprehensive resource, allowing deeper interdisciplinary research and conclusions to be drawn from two increasingly connected areas of biomedicine. Provides a ‘one-stop’ resource for access to information written by world-leading scholars in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine Contains multimedia features, including hyperlinked references and further readings, cross-references and diagrams/images Represents the most comprehensive and exhaustive product on the market on the topic
Book Synopsis Forces in Biology - Cell and Developmental Mechanobiology and Its Implications in Disease by : Selwin K. Wu
Download or read book Forces in Biology - Cell and Developmental Mechanobiology and Its Implications in Disease written by Selwin K. Wu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biomechanics in Oncology by : Cheng Dong
Download or read book Biomechanics in Oncology written by Cheng Dong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-27 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers multi-scale biomechanics for oncology, ranging from cells and tissues to whole organ. Topics covered include, but not limited to, biomaterials in mechano-oncology, non-invasive imaging techniques, mechanical models of cell migration, cancer cell mechanics, and platelet-based drug delivery for cancer applications. This is an ideal book for graduate students, biomedical engineers, and researchers in the field of mechanobiology and oncology. This book also: Describes how mechanical properties of cancer cells, the extracellular matrix, tumor microenvironment and immuno-editing, and fluid flow dynamics contribute to tumor progression and the metastatic process Provides the latest research on non-invasive imaging, including traction force microscopy and brillouin confocal microscopy Includes insight into NCIs’ role in supporting biomechanics in oncology research Details how biomaterials in mechano-oncology can be used as a means to tune materials to study cancer
Book Synopsis Physical Forces and the Mammalian Cell by : John A. Frangos
Download or read book Physical Forces and the Mammalian Cell written by John A. Frangos and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the physical forces - fluid shear, stretch, and gravity that play a role in the physiology of tissues and cellular functions. It gives special attention to the influences of the flow of blood and exercise on the growth of blood vessels and the flow of interstitial fluid on bone formation. Pathological conditions are also presented, such as the lack of mechanical loading on bone and osteoporosis. For biotechnologists, the problem of cell susceptibility to agitation-induced hydrodynamic forces in the scale-up of mammalian cell bioreactors is examined.
Book Synopsis The Tumor Microenvironment by : Rebecca G. Bagley
Download or read book The Tumor Microenvironment written by Rebecca G. Bagley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-02 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fact that tumors are composed of both tumor cells and host cells has long been known. These tumor-associated cells include vascular endothelial cells and pe- cytes, as well as inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells and eosinophils, and lymphocytes. The tumor cells also interact with stromal cells and with elements of the tissue extracellular matrix. What has been less appreciated is the role that these cells could have in modulating the growth, invasion, and metastasis of the tumor. Early on, the elements of what we now call the tumor microenvironment were considered to be more or less innocent bysta- ers to the role of the tumor cells as they grew and invaded local sites. Today, there is an increased understanding of the critical role of the tumor microenvironment as dramatically influencing the course of tumor development and dissemination. This volume represents a superb compilation of the latest thoughts and data regarding the role of each essential component of the tumor microenvironment in cancer development and progression. Perhaps, the earliest recognition of the role of nonmalignant cells as cancer re- lators was the recognition that lymphocytes can participate in what was termed “immune surveillance” in the 1960s. Our understanding of tumor immunity has improved markedly since then, and there are now successful clinical studies sh- ing the potential use of immune-based therapies in cancer treatment.
Download or read book Angiogenesis written by William D. Figg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-24 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Judah Folkman is considered the "father of angiogenesis." Because of Folkman's discovery and research, the possibilities of angiogenic therapy have broadened beyond cancer to many noncancerous diseases. Angiogenesis: An Integrative Approach from Science to Medicine is a comprehensive, concise summary of tumor angiogenesis. It is an up-to-date and authoritative reference for the angiogenesis field as it relates to oncology. This book represents the first collection in a volume of which Folkman is co-editor. Folkman has authored nearly 400 original papers and more than 100 book chapters.
