Can A Gender Sensitive Integrated Poultry Value Chain And Nutrition Intervention Among The Rural Poor Increase Womens Empowerment In Burkina Faso

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Can a gender-sensitive integrated poultry value chain and nutrition intervention among the rural poor increase women’s empowerment in Burkina Faso?

Author : Heckert, Jessica
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Can a gender-sensitive integrated poultry value chain and nutrition intervention among the rural poor increase women’s empowerment in Burkina Faso? by : Heckert, Jessica

Download or read book Can a gender-sensitive integrated poultry value chain and nutrition intervention among the rural poor increase women’s empowerment in Burkina Faso? written by Heckert, Jessica and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the types of food systems interventions that foster women’s empowerment and the types of women that are able to benefit from different interventions is important for development policy. SELEVER was a gender- and nutrition-sensitive poultry production intervention implemented in western Burkina Faso from 2017 to 2020 that aimed to empower women. We evaluated SELEVER using a mixed-methods cluster-randomized controlled trial, which included survey data from 1763 households at baseline and endline and a sub-sample for two interim lean season surveys. We used the multidimensional project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI), which consists of 12 binary indicators, underlying count versions of 10 of these, an aggregate empowerment score (continuous) and a binary aggregate empowerment indicator, all for women and men. Women’s and men’s scores were compared to assess gender parity. We also assessed impacts on health and nutrition agency using the pro-WEAI health and nutrition module. We estimated program impact using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models and examined whether there were differential impacts by flock size or among those who participated in program activities. Program impacts on empowerment and gender parity were null, despite the program’s careful approach to developing a gender-sensitive intervention. Meanwhile, results of the in-depth gender-focused qualitative work conducted near the project mid-point found there was greater awareness in the community of women’s time burden and their economic contributions, but it did not seem that awareness led to increased empowerment of women. We reflect on possible explanations for the null findings. One notable explanation may be the lack of a productive asset transfer, which have previously been shown to be essential, but not sufficient, for the empowerment of women in agricultural development programs. We consider these findings in light of current debates on asset transfers. Unfortunately, null impacts on women’s empowerment are not uncommon, and it is important to learn from such findings to strengthen future program design and delivery.

Can a Gender-sensitive Integrated Poultry Value Chain and Nutrition Intervention Among the Rural Poor Increase Women's Empowerment in Burkina Faso?

Author : Jessica Heckert
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Can a Gender-sensitive Integrated Poultry Value Chain and Nutrition Intervention Among the Rural Poor Increase Women's Empowerment in Burkina Faso? by : Jessica Heckert

Download or read book Can a Gender-sensitive Integrated Poultry Value Chain and Nutrition Intervention Among the Rural Poor Increase Women's Empowerment in Burkina Faso? written by Jessica Heckert and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

African food systems transformation and the post-Malabo agenda

Author : Ulimwengu, John M.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis African food systems transformation and the post-Malabo agenda by : Ulimwengu, John M.

Download or read book African food systems transformation and the post-Malabo agenda written by Ulimwengu, John M. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-12-04 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This year marks 20 years of implementing the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP), which was broadened under the 2014 Malabo Declaration on Accelerated Agricultural Growth and Transformation for Shared Prosperity and Improved Livelihoods. The 2023 Annual Trends and Outlook Report generates evidence on the implementation of the CAADP/Malabo agenda and thus contributes to the design of the post-Malabo phase of CAADP implementation. The report assesses the current state of Africa's food systems, explores strategic issues related to food systems transformation, and reflects on necessary methodologies and approaches to provide a better understanding of key challenges and necessary actions to accelerate transformation.

Gendered Participation in Poultry Value Chains

Author : Sarah Eissler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Gendered Participation in Poultry Value Chains by : Sarah Eissler

Download or read book Gendered Participation in Poultry Value Chains written by Sarah Eissler and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The relationship between household gender attitudes and women’s poultry production: Evidence from Burkina Faso

Author : Leight, Jessica
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The relationship between household gender attitudes and women’s poultry production: Evidence from Burkina Faso by : Leight, Jessica

Download or read book The relationship between household gender attitudes and women’s poultry production: Evidence from Burkina Faso written by Leight, Jessica and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhancing women’s participation in agricultural production, including livestock production, has the potential to generate a range of benefits for rural households in the developing world. These benefits include enhanced economic welfare, investment in children’s health and nutrition, and empowerment for women. However, attitudes and norms may shape the ability of women to engage in a broader range of productive activities if those activities are not viewed as traditionally female domains. The attitudes of women themselves and their husbands may be particularly salient: if women do not view livestock production as an appropriate activity to pursue based on their perception of community norms, they may not be responsive to economic incentives designed to encourage their involvement. Similarly, if husbands do not view ownership and control over assets or the sale of agriculture as appropriate roles for their wives, it may be very challenging for women to maintain or increase their role in household agricultural production.

The impact of an integrated value chain intervention on household poultry production in Burkina Faso: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial

Download The impact of an integrated value chain intervention on household poultry production in Burkina Faso: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial PDF Online Free

Author : Leight, Jessica
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The impact of an integrated value chain intervention on household poultry production in Burkina Faso: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial by : Leight, Jessica

Download or read book The impact of an integrated value chain intervention on household poultry production in Burkina Faso: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial written by Leight, Jessica and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article reports on a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in 120 villages in rural Burkina Faso evaluating a multifaceted intervention (SELEVER) that seeks to increase poultry production by delivering training in conjunction with the strengthening of village-level institutions providing veterinary and credit services to poultry farmers. The intervention is evaluated in a sample of 1,080 households surveyed following two years of program implementation. Households exposed to the intervention significantly increase their use of poultry inputs (veterinary services, enhanced feeds, and deworming), and report more poultry sold and higher revenue; however, there is no evidence of an increase in profits. This evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that the return to inputs in the poultry market may not be sufficient to counterbalance the market costs of these inputs.

Can agricultural development projects empower women? A synthesis of mixed methods evaluations using pro-WEAI in the gender, agriculture, and assets project (phase 2) portfolio

Download Can agricultural development projects empower women? A synthesis of mixed methods evaluations using pro-WEAI in the gender, agriculture, and assets project (phase 2) portfolio PDF Online Free

Author : Quisumbing, Agnes R.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Can agricultural development projects empower women? A synthesis of mixed methods evaluations using pro-WEAI in the gender, agriculture, and assets project (phase 2) portfolio by : Quisumbing, Agnes R.

Download or read book Can agricultural development projects empower women? A synthesis of mixed methods evaluations using pro-WEAI in the gender, agriculture, and assets project (phase 2) portfolio written by Quisumbing, Agnes R. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-10-14 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural development projects increasingly include women’s empowerment and gender equality among their objectives, but efforts to evaluate their impact have been stymied by the lack of comparable measures. Moreover, the context-specificity of empowerment implies that a quantitative measure alone will be inadequate to capture the nuances of the empowerment process. The Gender, Agriculture, and Assets Project, Phase 2 (GAAP2), a portfolio of 13 agricultural development projects in nine countries in South Asia and Africa, developed the project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI) and qualitative protocols for impact evaluations. Pro-WEAI covers three major types of agencies: instrumental, intrinsic, and collective. This paper synthesizes the results of 11 mixed-methods evaluations to assess these projects’ empowerment impacts. The projects implemented the pro-WEAI and its associated qualitative protocols in their impact evaluations. Our synthesis finds mixed, and mostly null impacts on aggregate indicators of women’s empowerment, with positive impacts more likely in the South Asian, rather than African, cases. There were more significant impacts on instrumental agency indicators and collective agency indicators, reflecting the group-based approaches used. We found few significant impacts on intrinsic agency indicators, except for those projects that intentionally addressed gender norms. Quantitative analysis does not show an association between the types of strategies that projects implemented and their impacts, except for capacity building strategies. This finding reveals the limitations of quantitative analysis, given the small number of projects involved. The qualitative studies provide more nuance and insight: some base level of empowerment and forms of agency may be necessary for women to participate in project activities, to benefit or further increase their empowerment. Our results highlight the need for projects to focus specifically on empowerment, rather than assume that projects aiming to reach and benefit women automatically empower them. Our study also shows the value of both a common metric to compare empowerment impacts across projects and contexts and qualitative work to understand and contextualize these impacts.

Gender Dynamics, Women's Empowerment, and Diets

Author : Sarah Eissler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender Dynamics, Women's Empowerment, and Diets by : Sarah Eissler

Download or read book Gender Dynamics, Women's Empowerment, and Diets written by Sarah Eissler and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Transformative Food Value Chains for Local Development

Author : Silke Maria Stöber
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832543669
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Transformative Food Value Chains for Local Development by : Silke Maria Stöber

Download or read book Transformative Food Value Chains for Local Development written by Silke Maria Stöber and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-26 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the capacity of food systems to undertake a transformation towards sustainability requires understanding how resources stream in and out of the systems. As complex socio-economic structures, food and agricultural value chains are important means for channeling resources, knowledge, and agency in and out of rural areas. Given their prominent role on the development agendas, there is mixed evidence as to what extent value chains and their actors can contribute to improving the livelihoods in poor rural and urban areas. In order to shape sustainable living places, transformative capacities and good governance are important mainstays. Transformative agri-food value chains are robust and often act as the sole transmission belt for returning capital, resources and identity back into vulnerable areas. Moreover, domestic or regional chains may provide urban consumers with fresh quality food that also contributes to regional identity.

How do agricultural development projects aim to empower women? Insights from an analysis of project strategies

Author : Johnson, Nancy L.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis How do agricultural development projects aim to empower women? Insights from an analysis of project strategies by : Johnson, Nancy L.

Download or read book How do agricultural development projects aim to empower women? Insights from an analysis of project strategies written by Johnson, Nancy L. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-02-23 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing numbers of development agencies and individual projects espouse objectives of women’s empowerment, yet there has been little systematic work on mechanisms by which interventions can enhance women’s empowerment. This gap exists because of the lack of consensus on indicators as well as the lack of attention paid to measuring the effects of different types of interventions on empowerment. This paper identifies the types of strategies employed by 13 agricultural development projects within the International Food Policy Research Institute’s Gender, Agriculture, and Assets Project Phase 2 (GAAP2) that have explicit objectives of empowering women. We distinguish between reach, benefit, and empowerment as objectives of agricultural development projects. Simply including women does not necessarily benefit them, and even activities that benefit do not necessarily empower. To identify strategies to empower women, we build on the domains included in the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) and are working with the GAAP2 portfolio of projects to develop an empowerment metric that is applicable in the project setting (a project-level WEAI, or pro-WEAI). We have identified the following potential domains to be included in pro-WEAI: input into production decision making, control over resources, control over income, leadership, time, physical mobility, intrahousehold relationships, individual empowerment, reduction in gender-based violence, and decision making on nutrition. The GAAP2 projects address these domains through a wide variety of activities that can be grouped into four main types: (1) direct and indirect provision of goods and services; (2) forming or strengthening groups, organizations, or platforms and networks that involve women; (3) strengthening knowledge and capacity through agricultural extension, business and finance training, nutrition behavior change communication, and other training; and (4) changing gender norms through one-way awareness raising or two-way community conversations about gender issues and their implications. In general, projects with activities in more activity areas target more domains of empowerment, and most projects target a core set of six empowerment domains. With the exception of intrahousehold relationships, which is always targeted by activities designed to influence gender norms, projects target domains with different types of activities or combinations of activities. This setup suggests that there may be no one-to-one link between a specific activity and empowerment benefits, and that implementation modalities will determine whether and how an activity contributes to women’s empowerment. The effectiveness of these project strategies will be assessed using both quantitative and qualitative methods throughout the GAAP2 research project.

A multi-country validation and sensitivity analysis of the project level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (Pro-WEAI)

Author : Seymour, Greg
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A multi-country validation and sensitivity analysis of the project level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (Pro-WEAI) by : Seymour, Greg

Download or read book A multi-country validation and sensitivity analysis of the project level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (Pro-WEAI) written by Seymour, Greg and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We discuss the evolution of the project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI) from its initial launch in 2018 until early 2023. We explain the reasons motivating changes to the composition of pro-WEAI and the adequacy thresholds of several indicators and discuss the implications of both for the overall measurement of project impacts on women’s empowerment. We present supporting empirical results comparing projects’ impacts calculated using the abbreviated Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (A-WEAI) (the predecessor to pro-WEAI with fewer indicators and less stringent indicator cut-offs), the pilot 12-indicator version of pro-WEAI, and the final, revised 10-indicator version of pro-WEAI, based on longitudinal data from six agricultural development projects in East and West Africa and South Asia as part of the Gender, Agriculture, and Assets Project, Phase 2 (GAAP2). In addition, we assess the sensitivity of the revised pro-WEAI to an alternative weighting scheme, namely inverse covariance weighting (ICW). Overall, we find that the revised pro-WEAI performs well: In comparison to A-WEAI, pro-WEAI—regardless of version—identifies larger and more frequently significant impact estimates, indicating that pro-WEAI is more sensitive to detecting project impacts on women’s empowerment than A-WEAI. And we find only minor differences in impact estimates produced using the 12-indicator, 10-indicator, or alternate weighting scheme versions of pro-WEAI. We conclude with reflections on six years of work on pro-WEAI during GAAP2.

Improving Diets and Nutrition

Author : Brian Thompson
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Diets and Nutrition by : Brian Thompson

Download or read book Improving Diets and Nutrition written by Brian Thompson and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2014 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Symposium on Food and Nutrition Security: Food-Based Approaches for Improving Diets and Raising Levels of Nutrition was organised by the FAO to better document the contribution that food and agriculture can make to improving nutrition. This publication presents the proceedings of the symposium. The proceedings are a useful resource for decision and policy makers, programme planners and implementers, and health workers, all of which work to combat hunger and malnutrition. Likewise, they will have appeal for professionals in the field of food security, nutrition, public health, horticulture, agronomy, animal science, food marketing, information, education, communication, food technology and development. They are also designed as a useful complementary source for graduate and postgraduate courses.

Nutrition-sensitive agriculture

Author : Ruel, Marie T.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrition-sensitive agriculture by : Ruel, Marie T.

Download or read book Nutrition-sensitive agriculture written by Ruel, Marie T. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A growing number of governments, donor agencies, and development organizations are committed to supporting nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA) to achieve their development goals. Although consensus exists on pathways through which agriculture may influence nutrition-related outcomes, empirical evidence on agriculture’s contribution to nutrition and how it can be enhanced is still weak. This paper reviews recent empirical evidence (since 2014), including findings from impact evaluations of a variety of NSA programs using experimental designs as well as observational studies that document linkages between agriculture, women’s empowerment, and nutrition. It summarizes existing knowledge regarding not only impacts but also pathways, mechanisms, and contextual factors that affect where and how agriculture may improve nutrition outcomes. The paper concludes with reflections on implications for agricultural programs, policies, and investments, and highlights future research priorities.

A review of evidence on gender equality, women’s empowerment, and food systems

Author : Njuki, Jemimah
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 55 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A review of evidence on gender equality, women’s empowerment, and food systems by : Njuki, Jemimah

Download or read book A review of evidence on gender equality, women’s empowerment, and food systems written by Njuki, Jemimah and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-07-14 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving gender equality and women’s empowerment in food systems can result in greater food security and better nutrition, and in more just, resilient, and sustainable food systems for all. This paper uses a scoping review to assess the current evidence on pathways between gender equality, women’s empowerment, and food systems. The paper uses an adaptation of the food systems framework to organize the evidence and identify where evidence is strong, and where gaps remain. Results show strong evidence on women’s differing access to resources, shaped and reinforced by contextual social gender norms, and on links between women’s empowerment and maternal education and important outcomes, such as nutrition and dietary diversity. However, evidence is limited on issues such as gender considerations in food systems for women in urban areas and in aquaculture value chains, best practices and effective pathways for engaging men in the process of women’s empowerment in food systems, and for addressing issues related to migration, crises, and indigenous food systems. And while there are gender informed evaluation studies that examine the effectiveness of gender- and nutrition- sensitive agricultural programs, evidence to indicate the long-term sustainability of such impacts remains limited. The paper recommends keys areas for investment: improving women’s leadership and decision-making in food systems, promoting equal and positive gender norms, improving access to resources, and building cross-contextual research evidence on gender and food systems.

Poultry Production in Burkina Faso

Author : Vivian Hoffmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Poultry Production in Burkina Faso by : Vivian Hoffmann

Download or read book Poultry Production in Burkina Faso written by Vivian Hoffmann and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poultry rearing is widespread in rural Burkina Faso, and contributes to both the food security and cash income of smallholders farmers. The landlocked status of the country, coupled with increasing demand for poultry in urban areas implies an opportunity for significant, pro-poor growth through this sector. We use data from a survey of 1800 poultry producers to characterize smallholder poultry producers and their practices. We find that 88% of households in program areas raised poultry. While access to vaccination services and veterinary medicines at the village level is high, uptake of these services is limited, especially among smaller producers. Fewer women than men own poultry, but most women report that they control the proceeds from sales of their own birds, indicating the potential for development of the poultry sector to generate relatively equitable gains in terms of gender. Access to credit appears to increase women's poultry ownership, but remains limited, as does women's access to poultry output markets.

Development of the project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI)

Author : Malapit, Hazel J.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Development of the project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI) by : Malapit, Hazel J.

Download or read book Development of the project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI) written by Malapit, Hazel J. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2019-01-18 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, the authors describe the adaptation and validation of a project-level WEAI (or pro-WEAI) that agricultural development projects can use to identify key areas of women’s (and men’s) disempowerment, design appropriate strategies to address identified deficiencies, and monitor project outcomes related to women’s empowerment. The 12 pro-WEAI indicators are mapped to three domains: intrinsic agency (power within), instrumental agency (power to), and collective agency (power with). A gender parity index compares the empowerment scores of men and women in the same household. The authors describe the development of pro-WEAI, including: (1) pro-WEAI’s distinctiveness from other versions of the WEAI; (2) the process of piloting pro-WEAI in 13 agricultural development projects during the Gender, Agriculture, and Assets Project, phase 2 (GAAP2); (3) analysis of quantitative data from the GAAP2 projects, including intrahousehold patterns of empowerment; and (4) a summary of the findings from the qualitative work exploring concepts of women’s empowerment in the project sites. The paper concludes with a discussion of lessons learned from pro-WEAI and possibilities for further development of empowerment metrics.

Womens Empowerment and Nutrition

Author : Mara van den Bold
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Womens Empowerment and Nutrition by : Mara van den Bold

Download or read book Womens Empowerment and Nutrition written by Mara van den Bold and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many development programs that aim to alleviate poverty and improve investments in human capital consider womens empowerment a key pathway by which to achieve impact and often target women as their main beneficiaries. Despite this, womens empowerment dimensions are often not rigorously measured and are at times merely assumed. This paper starts by reflecting on the concept and measurement of womens empowerment and then reviews some of the structural interventions that aim to influence underlying gender norms in society and eradicate gender discrimination. It then proceeds to review the evidence of the impact of three types of interventionscash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programson womens empowerment, nutrition, or both. Qualitative evidence on conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs generally points to positive impacts on womens empowerment, although quantitative research findings are more heterogenous. CCT programs produce mixed results on long-term nutritional status, and very limited evidence exists of their impacts on micronutrient status. The little evidence available on unconditional cash transters (UCT) indicates mixed impacts on womens empowerment and positive impacts on nutrition; however, recent reviews comparing CCT and UCT programs have found little difference in terms of their effects on stunting and they have found that conditionality is less important than other factors, such as access to healthcare and child age and sex. Evidence of cash transfer program impacts depending on the gender of the transfer recipient or on the conditionality is also mixed, although CCTs with non-health conditionalities seem to have negative impacts on nutritional status. The impacts of programs based on the gender of the transfer recipient show mixed results, but almost no experimental evidence exists of testing gender-differentiated impacts of a single program. Agricultural interventionsspecifically home gardening and dairy projectsshow mixed impacts on womens empowerment measures such as time, workload, and control over income; but they demonstrate very little impact on nutrition. Implementation modalities are shown to determine differential impacts in terms of empowerment and nutrition outcomes. With regard to the impact of microfinance on womens empowerment, evidence is also mixed, although more recent reviews do not find any impact on womens empowerment. The impact of microfinance on nutritional status is mixed, with no evidence of impact on micronutrient status. Across all three types of programs (cash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programs), very little evidence exists on pathways of impact, and evidence is often biased toward a particular region. The paper ends with a discussion of the findings and remaining evidence gaps and an outline of recommendations for research.