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Calibration Of The Mars Science Laboratory Alpha Particle X Ray Spectrometer For Analysis Of Visible Elements And Light Invisible Components
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Book Synopsis Calibration of the Mars Science Laboratory Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer for Analysis of Visible Elements and Light Invisible Components by : Glynis Perrett
Download or read book Calibration of the Mars Science Laboratory Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer for Analysis of Visible Elements and Light Invisible Components written by Glynis Perrett and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Expanding the Capability of the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer Including Quantification of Fine-Scale Chemistry and Atmospheric Monitoring by : Scott VanBommel
Download or read book Expanding the Capability of the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer Including Quantification of Fine-Scale Chemistry and Atmospheric Monitoring written by Scott VanBommel and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemical composition of the surface of Mars has been investigated with the Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) dating back to the first Martian mobile explorer in 1997. The Alpha Proton X-Ray Spectrometer on the Sojourner rover predated the significantly improved Mars Exploration Rover (MER) APXS which flew on twin missions, each landing in 2004. The most recent and Canadian-built APXS, part of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission that landed in 2012, built on the experience of its MER predecessors and provides further design enhancements benefiting the mission's science objectives. The APXS is perfectly suited for spaceflight through its use of 244Cm sources to generate the alpha particles and X-rays required for X-ray spectroscopy. The complementary use of both particle-induced X-ray emission and X-ray fluorescence excitation methods provides the necessary level of sensitivity across the geologically relevant elements. The work presented herein focuses on three manuscripts and the associated unpublished work in their support that investigates the APXS method in detail to enhance the scientific return. The longevity of the overall science mission offers a wealth of data for analysis across multiple landing sites on Mars. Though primarily used for solid samples, the APXS on the MER rover Opportunity has monitored the change in atmospheric argon density over six Mars years. The observed argon mixing ratio is consistent with previous published global climate models. Two short-lived spikes in argon density during the equatorial migration of the argon-enriched polar air mass are observed for the first time. A novel analytical method is presented to deconvolve the endmember chemistry of surface features smaller than the dime-sized APXS field of view through a combined analysis of images and APXS data. The use of images in a new way facilitates the generation of a three-dimensional operational environment for the APXS. The analysis method improves the interpretation of important APXS results in a constrained operational environment. Specific to the MSL mission primary objective, the method resolved chemistry at the sub-cm scale showing clear evidence of either multiple fluid events or an evolving fluid at some point on the surface of Mars.
Book Synopsis Analysis and Calibration of the MER-A APXS Alpha Particle Backscatter Spectra by : Scott VanBommel
Download or read book Analysis and Calibration of the MER-A APXS Alpha Particle Backscatter Spectra written by Scott VanBommel and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Alpha-particle Calibrations by : J. M. R. Hutchinson
Download or read book Alpha-particle Calibrations written by J. M. R. Hutchinson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Emulating the Mars APXS with Accelerator-Based PIXE. by : Erin Lynn Flannigan
Download or read book Emulating the Mars APXS with Accelerator-Based PIXE. written by Erin Lynn Flannigan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A broad beam proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) system was designed in order to emulate and extend the calibration of Curiosity's Alpha-Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS). For calibration of the PIXE system, twenty pure element standards were used to determine the instrumental constant over a range of X-ray energies. The issue of the choice between theoretical mass attenuation coefficient databases, XCOM and FFAST, was addressed. Deviations of light element (sodium, magnesium, aluminum) concentrations previously seen in the APXS were also seen in the accelerator-based PIXE measurements. These deviations arise from the rock structure's violation of the assumption of sample homogeneity on the atomic scale. Systematically low iron concentrations, which appear unlikely to arise due to the homogeneity assumption, are more likely due to the grain size distribution of iron-bearing minerals in the powdered standards. Corrections for the deviations were determined and extended to Martian analog samples including basaltic trachyandesites, trachyandesites and trachytes.
Book Synopsis Application of Alpha-particle Scattering to Chemical Analysis by : Richard A. Semmler
Download or read book Application of Alpha-particle Scattering to Chemical Analysis written by Richard A. Semmler and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Calibration Laboratories by : C. Douglas Faison
Download or read book Calibration Laboratories written by C. Douglas Faison and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Calibration of Particle Instruments in Space Physics by : International Space Science Institute
Download or read book Calibration of Particle Instruments in Space Physics written by International Space Science Institute and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781722866938 Total Pages :68 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (669 download)
Book Synopsis Volume 1. Preliminary Design Study by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Volume 1. Preliminary Design Study written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work was to provide a preliminary design concept for a Flux Monitor Spectrometer (FMS) for use at the X Ray Astrophysics Facility (XRAF) during High Resolution Mirror Assembly (HRMA) testing that met the requirements of SAO-AXAF-88-025 dated July 31, 1991. The calibration test team determined that the spectral resolution of the FMS had to be greater than or equal to twice that of all the AXAF spectrometers throughout the 0.1 to 10 KeV range of x-ray energies. Since this effectively doubled the resolution required by SAO-AXAF-88-025, a change order was approved by the Marshall Space Flight Center and given to Radiation Sciences to revise their study. Unspecified Center...
Book Synopsis The Design and Engineering of Curiosity by : Emily Lakdawalla
Download or read book The Design and Engineering of Curiosity written by Emily Lakdawalla and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the most complex machine ever sent to another planet: Curiosity. It is a one-ton robot with two brains, seventeen cameras, six wheels, nuclear power, and a laser beam on its head. No one human understands how all of its systems and instruments work. This essential reference to the Curiosity mission explains the engineering behind every system on the rover, from its rocket-powered jetpack to its radioisotope thermoelectric generator to its fiendishly complex sample handling system. Its lavishly illustrated text explains how all the instruments work -- its cameras, spectrometers, sample-cooking oven, and weather station -- and describes the instruments' abilities and limitations. It tells you how the systems have functioned on Mars, and how scientists and engineers have worked around problems developed on a faraway planet: holey wheels and broken focus lasers. And it explains the grueling mission operations schedule that keeps the rover working day in and day out.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Using Peak Area Step-wise Regression Analysis by :
Download or read book Quantitative Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Using Peak Area Step-wise Regression Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ChemCam instrument on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) will include a laser-induced breakdown spectrometer (LIBS) to quantify major and minor elemental compositions. The traditional analytical chemistry approach to calibration curves for these data regresses a single diagnostic peak area against concentration for each element. This approach contrasts with a new multivariate method in which elemental concentrations are predicted by step-wise multiple regression analysis based on areas of a specific set of diagnostic peaks for each element. The method is tested on LIBS data from igneous and metamorphosed rocks. Between 4 and 13 partial regression coefficients are needed to describe each elemental abundance accurately (i.e., with a regression line of R2> 0.9995 for the relationship between predicted and measured elemental concentration) for all major and minor elements studied. Validation plots suggest that the method is limited at present by the small data set, and will work best for prediction of concentration when a wide variety of compositions and rock types has been analyzed.
Book Synopsis Calibration Standards for X-ray Spectrometers Used for Pollution Sample Analysis by : Richard A. Semmler
Download or read book Calibration Standards for X-ray Spectrometers Used for Pollution Sample Analysis written by Richard A. Semmler and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Scintillation Alpha Spectrometry by : W. McDowell
Download or read book Liquid Scintillation Alpha Spectrometry written by W. McDowell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alpha liquid scintillation was developed to obtain accurate analytical determinations of alpha-emitting nuclides where no other methods were sufficiently accurate. With the present emphasis on clean-up of radiation contamination, alpha liquid scintillation has become an important tool in the determination of low concentrations of alpha-emitting nuclides. This book is the first to address the subject of alpha liquid scintillation in its entirety. It also examines how alpha spectrometry by liquid scintillation can be done without interference from beta/gamma radiation. Scientists interested in the analysis of alpha-emitting nuclides for environmental monitoring, remediation clean-up, accountability, and research will find this to be a valuable book.
Book Synopsis A Single-standard Calibration Method for Use in Analysis by X-ray-fluorescence Spectrometry by : C. E. Austen
Download or read book A Single-standard Calibration Method for Use in Analysis by X-ray-fluorescence Spectrometry written by C. E. Austen and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dust in the Atmosphere of Mars and its Impact on Human Exploration by : Joel S. Levine
Download or read book Dust in the Atmosphere of Mars and its Impact on Human Exploration written by Joel S. Levine and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2018-10-12 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major surprise of the Apollo Moon missions was the deleterious impact of lunar dust on the astronauts, their spacesuits and other equipment, and even inside the Command/Service Module during their return to Earth. Lunar dust permeated everything and impacted mechanical systems. The dust on the Moon’s surface was disturbed and became airborne by the routine actions of the astronauts as they walked and performed their exploration of the lunar surface. Over the last decade, as NASA’s plans for the human exploration of Mars have developed and matured, a major concern has been the possible negative impacts of Mars surface and atmospheric dust on human health and on the human surface systems and surface operations on the Red Planet. In this book, 41 Mars scientists, mission engineers and planners and medical researchers have reviewed our current understanding and identified the knowledge gaps in a wide range of areas, including the chemical, physical and electrical properties of Mars atmospheric dust; the evolution and occurrence of localized, regional and planetary-scale dust storms; the human health effects of Mars atmospheric dust, including inhalation of and potential toxicity of dust particles; and the impact of Mars atmospheric dust on surface systems and on surface operations, among others.
Book Synopsis Calibration of the Infrared Spectrometer by : Richard Vincent Collins
Download or read book Calibration of the Infrared Spectrometer written by Richard Vincent Collins and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical manual provides detailed instructions for calibrating an infrared spectrometer. It includes step-by-step procedures and troubleshooting tips, as well as background information on the principles of spectroscopy. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Book Synopsis Martian Spectroscopy by : Kristiana Lapo
Download or read book Martian Spectroscopy written by Kristiana Lapo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mars 2020 rover Perseverance will search for signs of past habitability and biosignatures after landing in Jezero Crater in February 2021. Spectroscopy is a vital tool for planetary remote sensing and Perseverance is equipped with Mastcam-Z, a stereoscopic, zoom-enabled, multispectral imager that can acquire true color images with red, green, and blue (RGB) color filters, and visible- to near-infrared images with 12 narrowband science filters between 400 and 1100 nm. Mastcam-Z will provide operational support for the rover as well as directly contribute to Perseverance's geologic investigations. Given the integral role of Mastcam-Z in the Mars 2020 mission, calibration and validation of Mastcam-Z is crucial. In this study, spectra of a collection of terrestrial rock samples, lab-manufactured color targets, and other image assessment targets, collectively known as the Geoboard, collected by Mastcam-Z during calibration are compared to hyperspectral laboratory data of the same targets collected at Western Washington University (WWU).
