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Boundedly Rational Opinion Dynamics In Directed Social Networks
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Book Synopsis Boundedly Rational Opinion Dynamics in Directed Social Networks by : Pietro Battiston
Download or read book Boundedly Rational Opinion Dynamics in Directed Social Networks written by Pietro Battiston and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates opinion dynamics and social influence in directed communication networks. We study the properties of a generalized boundedly rational model of opinion formation in which individuals aggregate the information they receive by using weights that are a function of their neighbors' indegree. We then present an experiment designed to test the predictions of the model. We find that both Bayesian updating and boundedly rational updating a la DeMarzo et al. (2003) are rejected by the data. Consistent with our theoretical predictions, the social influence of an agent is positively and significantly affected by the number of individuals she listens to. When forming their opinions, agents do take into account the structure of the communication network, although in a sub-optimal way.
Book Synopsis Opinion Dynamics and the Evolution of Social Power in Social Networks by : Mengbin Ye
Download or read book Opinion Dynamics and the Evolution of Social Power in Social Networks written by Mengbin Ye and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-19 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses rigorous mathematical analysis to advance opinion dynamics models for social networks in three major directions. First, a novel model is proposed to capture how a discrepancy between an individual’s private and expressed opinions can develop due to social pressures that arise in group situations or through extremists deliberately shaping public opinion. Detailed theoretical analysis of the final opinion distribution is followed by use of the model to study Asch’s seminal experiments on conformity, and the phenomenon of pluralistic ignorance. Second, the DeGroot-Friedkin model for evolution of an individual’s social power (self-confidence) is developed in a number of directions. The key result establishes that an individual’s initial social power is forgotten exponentially fast, even when the network changes over time; eventually, an individual’s social power depends only on the (changing) network structure. Last, a model for the simultaneous discussion of multiple logically interdependent topics is proposed. To ensure that a consensus across the opinions of all individuals is achieved, it turns out that the interpersonal interactions must be weaker than an individual’s introspective cognitive process for establishing logical consistency among the topics. Otherwise, the individual may experience cognitive overload and the opinion system becomes unstable. Conclusions of interest to control engineers, social scientists, and researchers from other relevant disciplines are discussed throughout the thesis with support from both social science and control literature.
Book Synopsis Opinion Dynamics on Directed Small-world Networks by :
Download or read book Opinion Dynamics on Directed Small-world Networks written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the self-affirmation effect on formation of public opinion in a directed small-world social network. The system presents a non-equilibrium phase transition from a consensus state to a disordered state with coexistence of opinions. The dynamical behaviors are very sensitive to the density of long-range-directed interactions and the strength of self-affirmation. When the long-range-directed interactions are sparse and individual generally does not insist on his/her opinion, the system will display a continuous phase transition, in the opposite case with strong self-affirmation and dense long-range-directed interactions, the system does not display a phase transition. Between those two extreme cases, the system undergoes a discontinuous phase transition.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Social Networks in Agent-based Modelling by : Holzhauer, Sascha
Download or read book Dynamic Social Networks in Agent-based Modelling written by Holzhauer, Sascha and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2017 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agent-based modelling enables the explicit representation of entities and their interaction with each other and the environment, and so it became an important method to study complex systems. Social networks form an important part of agent-based social simulation, as they define the topology of agent interaction. This dissertation initially identifies important properties of social networks and their dynamics and reviews their representation in agent-based models of relevant domains. A classification of levels of detail for the network modelling components initialisation, dynamics of networks, and dynamics on networks is proposed and guides the identification of deficits. A formal, iterative evaluation framework is developed to quantitatively assess network modelling approaches under a set of weighted criteria (representativity, adjustability, validity, and efficiency). The framework is applied to an abstract model of opinion dynamics and to an empirically grounded model of social influence. A lifestyle-specific network survey is designed, conducted, and analysed and helps to ground the evaluation of the network modelling’s representativity on empirical data. The study finds significant differences of degree and distance distributions as well as in the composition of ego networks between lifestyles. New network modelling approaches are developed to account for requirements in agent-based models such as agent-type specific link preferences, degree and distance distributions, community structures, and interaction dynamics. The comparison of simple to elaborated network modelling for the application models shows a significant impact on simulation results, highlighting the need for informed decisions about suitable approaches.
Book Synopsis Opinion Dynamics on Social Networks by : Jay Nanavati
Download or read book Opinion Dynamics on Social Networks written by Jay Nanavati and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Opinion Dynamics in Social Networks by : Qi Gu
Download or read book Opinion Dynamics in Social Networks written by Qi Gu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opinion dynamics is a complex procedure that entails a cognitive process when it deals with how a person integrates influential opinions to form revised opinion. Early research on opinion formation and social influence can be traced back to the eighteenth century. The original research focus was to study the conditions for people to aggregate information and reach consensus. Recently, due to the rise of the World Wide Web more and more studies tend to model opinion dynamics in large-scale social networks via computational methods. Among those works, non-Bayesian rule-of-thumb learning models keep gaining popularity due to their simplicity and computational efficiency. Unlike many non-Bayesian methods that treat individual opinions on various issues as independent beliefs but overlook the connections between knowledge fragments, we leverage from Bayesian approaches to consider opinions as a product inferred from one's knowledge-based system, where new knowledge fragments are acquired through social interaction and learning experiences. We study how an individual evaluates and adopts such knowledge fragments from others sources, both visible and invisible, on the basis of the findings from well-established social theories. A computational framework was developed to model opinion dynamics, in which we applied a probabilistic model named Bayesian Knowledge Bases to represent an individual's knowledge base. Opinion dynamics is studied by modeling opinion formation as a process of knowledge fusion, learning the impact metric that estimates the reliability of knowledge fragments, and identifying influential sources whose impact patterns are hidden. The contributions of this work can be summarized as 1) the development of a domain-independent computational method to model opinion formation by emphasizing the dependencies between knowledge pieces, 2) the capability to model different aspects of opinion dynamics in one entire system, 3) the intuitiveness in representing opinions such that the intents behind the opinion change can be readily captured, 4) the ability to characterize the influences in a social community by realizing and enriching theories of social communication, and 5) the flexibility of application on detecting and tracking hidden influential sources.
Book Synopsis Analytical Approach for Opinion Dynamics on Social Networks by : Weituo Zhang
Download or read book Analytical Approach for Opinion Dynamics on Social Networks written by Weituo Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Opinion Dynamics and Learning in Social Networks by : Daron Acemoglu
Download or read book Opinion Dynamics and Learning in Social Networks written by Daron Acemoglu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We provide an overview of recent research on belief and opinion dynamics in social networks. We discuss both Bayesian and non-Bayesian models of social learning and focus on the implications of the form of learning (e.g., Bayesian vs. non-Bayesian), the sources of information (e.g., observation vs. communication), and the structure of social networks in which individuals are situated on three key questions: (1) whether social learning will lead to consensus, i.e., to agreement among individuals starting with different views; (2) whether social learning will effectively aggregate dispersed information and thus weed out incorrect beliefs; (3) whether media sources, prominent agents, politicians and the state will be able to manipulate beliefs and spread misinformation in a society.
Book Synopsis Vector Opinion Dynamics by : Alya Alaali
Download or read book Vector Opinion Dynamics written by Alya Alaali and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Network Strategy written by Joel Baum and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07-25 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research at the intersection of social networks and strategic management identifies a range of performance-enhancing network position advantages - access to partners, information, innovation, and resources - that are distributed differentially across network positions. This book discusses network processes.
Book Synopsis A General Analysis of Boundedly Rational Learning in Social Networks by : Manuel Mueller-Frank
Download or read book A General Analysis of Boundedly Rational Learning in Social Networks written by Manuel Mueller-Frank and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze boundedly rational learning in social networks within binary action environments. We establish how learning outcomes depend on the environment (i.e., informational structure, utility function), the axioms imposed on the updating behavior, and the network structure. In particular, we provide a normative foundation for Quasi-Bayesian updating, where a Quasi-Bayesian agent treats others' actions as if they were based only on their private signal. Quasi-Bayesian updating induces learning (i.e., convergence to the optimal action for every agent in every connected network) only in highly asymmetric environments. In all other environments learning fails in networks with a diameter larger than four. Finally, we consider a richer class of updating behavior that allows for non-stationarity and differential treatment of neighbors' actions depending on their position in the network. We show that within this class there exist updating systems which induce learning for most networks.
Book Synopsis Computer Simulation Validation by : Claus Beisbart
Download or read book Computer Simulation Validation written by Claus Beisbart and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique volume introduces and discusses the methods of validating computer simulations in scientific research. The core concepts, strategies, and techniques of validation are explained by an international team of pre-eminent authorities, drawing on expertise from various fields ranging from engineering and the physical sciences to the social sciences and history. The work also offers new and original philosophical perspectives on the validation of simulations. Topics and features: introduces the fundamental concepts and principles related to the validation of computer simulations, and examines philosophical frameworks for thinking about validation; provides an overview of the various strategies and techniques available for validating simulations, as well as the preparatory steps that have to be taken prior to validation; describes commonly used reference points and mathematical frameworks applicable to simulation validation; reviews the legal prescriptions, and the administrative and procedural activities related to simulation validation; presents examples of best practice that demonstrate how methods of validation are applied in various disciplines and with different types of simulation models; covers important practical challenges faced by simulation scientists when applying validation methods and techniques; offers a selection of general philosophical reflections that explore the significance of validation from a broader perspective. This truly interdisciplinary handbook will appeal to a broad audience, from professional scientists spanning all natural and social sciences, to young scholars new to research with computer simulations. Philosophers of science, and methodologists seeking to increase their understanding of simulation validation, will also find much to benefit from in the text.
Book Synopsis Handbook of the Social Psychology of Inequality by : Jane D. McLeod
Download or read book Handbook of the Social Psychology of Inequality written by Jane D. McLeod and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides the first comprehensive overview of social psychological research on inequality for a graduate student and professional audience. Drawing on all of the major theoretical traditions in sociological social psychology, its chapters demonstrate the relevance of social psychological processes to this central sociological concern. Each chapter in the volume has a distinct substantive focus, but the chapters will also share common emphases on: • The unique contributions of sociological social psychology • The historical roots of social psychological concepts and theories in classic sociological writings • The complementary and conflicting insights that derive from different social psychological traditions in sociology. This Handbook is of interest to graduate students preparing for careers in social psychology or in inequality, professional sociologists and university/college libraries.
Book Synopsis Manipulating Opinions in Social Networks by : Manuel Mueller-Frank
Download or read book Manipulating Opinions in Social Networks written by Manuel Mueller-Frank and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We consider a general model of boundedly rational opinion formation in social networks. We show that long run opinions are extremely vulnerable to unilateral subtle manipulation. For a given updating system, any agent can drive the long run opinions of all agents to an arbitrary desired opinion, by infinitesimally perturbing his updating behavior. However, when opinion formation is monitored, then as the perturbation goes to zero so does the extend to which long run opinions can be manipulated without detection. Finally, we show that asymptotic consensus is a robust outcome of boundedly rational opinion formation while naive learning and social influence are not.
Book Synopsis Strategic Decisions in Directed Networks by : Amnon Rapoport
Download or read book Strategic Decisions in Directed Networks written by Amnon Rapoport and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2022-03-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects and integrates the results of an extensive research program conducted by the authors over the past two decades. It spans the disciplines of transportation science, operations management, and behavioral economics, and consists of 16 chapters previously published in peer-reviewed academic journals and grouped under three topical sections: queueing, route choice, and departure time. The book focuses on strategic interactions in directed networks and laboratory experiments carefully designed to test the descriptive validity of the underlying theoretical models. The research question that unifies the chapters is: do the conclusions of theoretical literature account for the decisions of network users in controlled laboratory experiments? With several major qualifications, this book answers this question affirmatively.
Book Synopsis Opinion Fluctuations and Disagreement in Social Networks by : Daron Acemoglu
Download or read book Opinion Fluctuations and Disagreement in Social Networks written by Daron Acemoglu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study a stochastic gossip model of continuous opinion dynamics in a society consisting of two types of agents: regular agents, who update their beliefs according to information that they receive from their social neighbors; and stubborn agents, who never update their opinions and might represent leaders, political parties or media sources attempting to influence the beliefs in the rest of the society. When the society contains stubborn agents with different opinions, opinion dynamics never lead to a consensus (among the regular agents). Instead, beliefs in the society almost surely fail to converge, and the belief of each regular agent converges in law to a non-degenerate random variable. The model thus generates long-run disagreement and continuous opinion fluctuations. The structure of the social network and the location of stubborn agents within it shape opinion dynamics. When the society is "highly fluid," meaning that the mixing time of the random walk on the graph describing the social network is small relative to (the inverse of) the relative size of the linkages to stubborn agents, the ergodic beliefs of most of the agents concentrate around a certain common value. We also show that under additional conditions, the ergodic beliefs distribution becomes "approximately chaotic," meaning that the variance of the aggregate belief of the society vanishes in the large population limit while individual opinions still fluctuate significantly. Keywords: disagreement, learning, opinion information, social networks, stochastic gossip. JEL Classifications: D83.
Book Synopsis A Formal Theory of Social Power by : John R. French, Jr.
Download or read book A Formal Theory of Social Power written by John R. French, Jr. and published by . This book was released on 1993-08-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
